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Owner Manual
2020MY Crosstrek Hybrid Owner’s Manual
MSA5M2008A
MSA5M2008B
A1390BE-A
A1390BE-B
Table of contents
Hybrid system HS
Seat, seatbelt and SRS airbags 1
Keys and doors 2
Instruments and controls 3
Climate control 4
Audio 5
Interior equipment 6
Starting and operating 7
Driving tips 8
In case of emergency 9
Appearance care 10
Maintenance and service 11
Specifications 12
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13
Index 14
MSA5M2008B
https://techinfo.subaru.com/stis/doc/ownerManual/MSA5M2008B_STIS-opt.pdf
https://static.oemdtc.com/OwnerManual/MSA5M2008A.pdf
- 🎄【Easy to Use--Work out of box】+【FOXWELL 2024 New Version】 FOXWELL NT604 Elite scan tool is the 2024 new version from FOXWELL, which is designed for those car owners who want to figure out the cause issue before fixing the car problem via scanning the most common systems like abs srs engine and transmission.The NT604 Elite diagnostic tool comes with latest software, which can be used out of box. No need to waste time to download the software first.
- 🎅【Affordable】+【Reliable Car Health Monitor】 Will you be confused what happen when the warning light of abs/srs/transmission/check engine flashes? Instead of taking your cars to dealership, this foxwell scanner will help you do a thorough scanning and detection for your cars and pinpoint the root cause. It will t-urn off the warning light car after the problem is fixed.👉TIPS: Airbag crash/collision data can NOT be cleared even you replace the new airbag.
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- 5 IN 1 DIAGNOSTIC SCANNER: This is an OBDII scanner and 4 systems diagnostic tool. The AUTOPHIX 3210 PRO Bluetooth Auto Scanner not only has OBDII diagnostic function, but can also be used as an ABS/SRS/transmission scanner and check engine code reader. When it is an OBD2 scanner, you can use it to check if your car is ready for annual test via I/M preparation menu. In addition, the built-in DTC library, live data stream, data playback, performance testing and many more such functions are supported by it.
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- 🎉【2024 Upgraded Ver. of AL519/ ML519/ ML619】Autel develops the brand-new AutoLink AL619 as the advanced ver. of Autel ML519, AL519, AL319, MS309. This AL619 OBD2 scanner can scan ABS & SRS systems, and support 10 Modes of OBD II Diagnostics Function on Worldwide Vehicles to read, erase codes and turn off the MIL, ABS, SRS warning lights so that you can better maintain your car when related malfunctions occur and make your vehicle ready for the annual test.
- 🎉【Accurate ABS/ SRS Diagnostics Functions】The ABS/ SRS diagnostic function is used to retrieve and clear codes from the ABS/ SRS systems. It can read and clear DTCs, show definitions of each code, display live data of multiple sensors in the graph to locate fault causes, and assist home mechanics to do the proper repair and clear ABS & Airbag warning lights. Diagnoses ABS/ SRS system codes on most 1996 and newer major vehicle models. Please email 📩 immoautel @ outlook. com 📩 for help.
- 🎉【All 10 Modes of OBD II Diagnostics Function】The OBD II Diagnostics function is a fast-access option that allows you to carry out a quick test on the engine system of OBD II vehicles. Read Codes, Erase Codes, Live Data, Freeze Frame, Retrieving I/M Readiness Status, O2 Monitor Test, On-Board Monitor Test, DTC Lookup, Component Test, Viewing Vehicle Information, Modules Present.
- 🎉【Live Data and Freeze Frame Data】With Live Data functions, Autel AL619 OBD2 diagnostic code reader allows you to view the live PID (Parameter Identification Data) of the vehicle's computer module(s) in text, graph to check the status of various sensors. And Freeze Frame Data enables you to view the vehicle's operating parameters at the moment a DTC is detected. These information will aid the technician by allowing the parameters to be duplicated for diagnostic and repair purposes.
- 🎉【DTC Lookup Feature】Besides showing you the code’s definition while you are reading the diagnostic trouble codes, AL619 features comparably user-friendly DTC Lookup Function which enables you to retrieve the definitions of any error codes from the large database of AL619, saving you from the hassle of wasting time searching definition of every code via Google.
- 2024 Top Choice for ABS Bleeder Scan Tool - Was the brake pedal always slowly sinking down or becoming loose? This abs brake bleeding scan tool will cycle the pump and valves to achieve a tight brake pedal. It's the most affordable obd2 scanner with abs auto bleed. Follow the instruction step by step, even a beginner can use it. Coverage check on FOXWELL official site: Support- Diagnostic Coverage List. Tips: If a vehicle lacks the auto bleed function, this service will not work on the car.
- More Than a Entry Level OBD Scanner, Ideal for Home Mechanics - Based on the NT301 FOXWELL Scanner, NT630 Plus takes OBD diagnostics to the next level by customizing all functions for ABS and SRS systems. This srs abs scanner provides in-depth insights on error code diagnosis, wheel speed sensor, airbag circuits, cable connectors monitor and etc. Note: Scanner can not work on Airbag crash data. If the scanner can not connect to the car unit, please check if there is a good connection of them.
- No More Higher End Service than You Needed - One NT630 Plus is enough! This obd2 scanner with abs and srs takes depth diagnosis on Anti-Lock Brake System & SRS/Airbag, and also performs daily reset services. Like Airbag light reset/ SAS(Steering Angle Sensor) adjustment/ Oil light reset functions. The issued parts will operate normally with this car scanner after the faults repaired. Note: Some classic vehicles without the electronic control system can not support reset service.
- Also can Work like NT301 - The NT630 Plus abs code reader connect to the OBD2 port directly. It will diagnose all obd2 modules instantly, displays the live data, locates bad sensors and I/M readiness status before the annual inspection. Guides you to do the maintenance work, reduces the potential driving risk and keep a peak performance on the road.
- Complicate? Unreadable? - Intuitive LCD display with clear operate instructions, even a beginner can diagnose the car faults with the NT630 Plus. Ergonomic Touch with anti-collision and anti-slip cover design, comfortable for daily car diagnose work. Unique button press sound will provide the overall tactile and visual experience to notice you a task has been completed or a command has been executed.
- 【Buy with Confidence】 As a America's No.1 diagnostic tool brand, Innova stands for innovation, quality, and accessibility in the automotive diagnostic industry. We are known for developing cutting-edge diagnostic tools that are user-friendly, reliable, and made for US by Americans.
- 【Unleash Your Drive's Potential】Much more than a car code reader, the 6100P scanner effectively reads and erases engine, ABS, SRS, and transmission codes for popular US car makes such as Ford, Chevy, Dodge, GM, etc. When the traction light is constantly on, the ability to really detect where the problem is concerning brakes and airbags enables you to make sure all safety measures in place before putting yourself in harm's way.
- 【Your Car's Health Doctor】Easily view procedures or send commands for oil change, mileage or driving time reset for most 1996 and newer OBD2 vehicles. It also monitors your oil level and oil life status, ensuring optimal vehicle health.
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- [ABS & SRS Scanner with Active Test] The ABS/ SRS diagnostic tool Read & clear DTCs, displays live data in a graph to locate the cause of faults and assists the home mechanic with repairs and clearing ABS and airbag warning lights. Active test sensors, valves or solenoids etc. and tracks any threats in real time. It is invaluable to have a diagnostic tool with Active Test feature that you will never find on similar ABS/ SRS scanners.
- 【3 HOP Reset Services 】Easy to set up 3 regular reset services for Oil Light, Battery Management System, and Steering Angle Position. With this obd2 scanner, you can reset the oil service light and reset pre-programmed mileage intervals for energy efficiency; adjust or reset the steering angle position to keep steering aligned; and clear the original low battery fault information. No need to leave home for shop-quality car maintenance.
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- [DTC LookUp Library] Can't read the code? Go to the DTC LookUp Library. The Topdon AL600 OBD2 scanner offers a wealth of code definitions so you don't have to look them up in a list or database, and the HELP function takes you to diagnostic tips for possible fixes, saving time searching for repair materials online. No other scan tool or code reader under $100 offers this level of assistance.
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- [Transform Your Car Care Experience] - With BLCKTEC, instantly become your own professional mechanic. Effortlessly read and clear your car’s trouble codes and check engine light, ensuring your vehicle stays in top condition.
- [Empower Yourself with Comprehensive Diagnostics] - Unlock the full potential of your vehicle with the BLCKTEC 430. Access detailed diagnostics previously exclusive to professional mechanics’ OBD2 scan tools, including ABS, Airbag, SRS, TPMS codes, and beyond, right at your fingertips.
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- 💻Note: (About UPDATE) ANCEL FX2000 car scanner diasgnostic tool can be used directly as it comes with existed software, You don't need to register or update beforethe first use. It's recommended to update your scanner only when it fails to work on your car, or it's slow to load all menus or if you need newer software version. 📢Software update supports WIN XP, 7, 8, 10 operation systems only., but not for Mac and ios system.
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- 🚙【TRANSMISSION FAULT DIAGNOSTIC TOOL】: Some noises come from the transmission? Ancel obd2 scanner will read fault codes, display live transmission system data (fluid temperature, fluid pump, clutch actuation, pressure, etc.), and ensures transmission performance is optimal for vehicle speed and load. It provides detailed TCM data of the vehicle, so you can quickly and accurately find existing or potential problems.
- 🚐【FIND OUT SRS WRONG】: ANCEL FX2000 automotive scanner is able to read and clear fault codes in the SRS (airbag) and turn off the warning light to make sure the system is working correctly and safely. This odb2 scanner also displays a live graphical data stream of the supplemental restraint system (air bag), which allows you to analyze and verify that the air bag system is working properly.
Last update on 2024-04-01 / Affiliate links / Images from Amazon Product Advertising API
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SEOCONTENT-START
S11 11-1. Maintenance schedule 417 11-2. Maintenance precautions . 417 Before checking or servicing in the engine compartment 418 When checking or servicing in the engine compartment 418 When checking or servicing in the engine compartment while the engine is running 419 11-3. Engine hood 419 11-4. Engine compartment overview 421 11-5. Engine oil. 422 Engine oil consumption 422 Locations of the oil level gauge, oil filler cap and oil filter 422 Checking the oil level . 422 Changing the oil and oil filter 423 Recommended grade and viscosity. 424 Synthetic oil . 424 11-6. Cooling system . 424 Safety precautions 424 Cooling fan, hose and connections . 425 Engine coolant . 425 Inverter with converter assembly coolant 426 11-7. Air cleaner element. 427 Replacing the air cleaner element . 428 11-8. Spark plugs . 429 Recommended spark plugs. 429 11-9. Drive belts . 429 11-10. Continuously variable transmission fluid 429 11-11. Front differential gear oil and rear differential gear oil430 Recommended grade and viscosity 430 11-12. Brake fluid430 Checking the fluid level 430 Recommended brake fluid 431 11-13. Brake pedal 431 11-14. Replacement of brake pad431 Breaking-in of new brake pads . 432 11-15. Tires and wheels432 Types of tires . 432 Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) (U.S.- spec. models) . 432 Tire inspection . 434 Tire pressures and wear. 434 Wheel balance 436 Wear indicators 436 Rotational direction of tires 437 Tire rotation . 437 Tire replacement 437 Wheel replacement. 438 11-16. Alloy wheels.441 11-17. Windshield washer fluid442 Adding the windshield washer fluid 442 Windshield washer fluid . 442 11-18. Replacement of wiper blades .443 Windshield wiper blade assembly. 444 Windshield wiper blade rubber . 445 Rear window wiper blade assembly 446 Rear window wiper blade rubber 447 Maintenance and service 11 Maintenance and service 11-19. 12 V battery . 448 11-20. Fuses . 449 11-21. Installation of accessories . 451 11-22. Replacing bulbs 451 Headlights 451 Front turn signal light . 451 Parking light. 451 Front fog light 452 Rear combination lights 452 Backup light . 453 License plate light 454 Map light 454 Vanity mirror light 455 Dome light and cargo area light 455 Other bulbs 455 Adjusting headlight aim (models with LED headlights). 455 11-23. Replacing key battery .457 Safety precautions . 457 Replacing battery of access key fob . 457 Maintenance and service 11-1. Maintenance schedule S11AA U.S. models The scheduled maintenance items required to be serviced at regular intervals are shown in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. For details, read the separate “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Canada models The scheduled maintenance items required to be serviced at regular intervals are shown in the “Warranty and Service Booklet”. For details, read the separate “Warranty and Service Booklet”. NOTE You can set a reminder to be displayed when a scheduled maintenance item is almost due. For details, refer to “Maintenance settings” FP235. 11-2. Maintenance precautions S11AB When maintenance and service are required, it is recommended that all work be done by an authorized SUBARU dealer. If you perform maintenance and service by yourself, you should familiarize yourself with the information provided in this section on general maintenance and service for your SUBARU. Incorrect or incomplete service could cause improper or unsafe vehicle operation. Any problems caused by improper maintenance and service performed by you are not eligible for warranty coverage. WARNING . Always select a safe area when performing maintenance on your vehicle. . Always be very careful to avoid injury when working on the vehicle. Remember that some of the materials in the vehicle may be hazardous if improperly used or handled, for example, battery acid. . Your vehicle should only be serviced by persons fully competent to do so. Serious personal injury may result to persons not experienced in servicing vehicles. . Always use the proper tools and make certain that they are well maintained. . Never get under the vehicle supported only by a jack. Always use safety stands to support the vehicle. . Never keep the hybrid system running in a poorly ventilated area, such as a garage or other closed areas. . Do not smoke or allow open flames around the fuel or battery. This will cause a fire. . Because the fuel system is under pressure, replacement of the fuel filter should be performed only by your SUBARU dealer. . Wear adequate eye protection to guard against getting oil or fluids in your eyes. If something does get in your eyes, thoroughly wash them out with clean water. . Do not tamper with the wiring of the SRS airbag system or seat- – CONTINUED – Maintenance schedule 417 Maintenance and service belt pretensioner system, or attempt to take its connectors apart, as that may activate the system or it can render it inoperative. NEVER use a circuit tester for this wiring. If your SRS airbag or seatbelt pretensioner needs service, consult your nearest SUBARU dealer. . Check the inside of the engine compartment to see if there are any cloths and tools left. If they are left inside, they may be a cause of malfunction and fire. NOTE SUBARU does not endorse the use of non-SUBARU approved flushing systems and strongly advises against performing these services on a SUBARU vehicle. Non-SUBARU approved flushing systems use chemicals and/or solvents which have not been tested or approved by SUBARU. SUBARU warranties do not cover any part of the vehicle which is damaged by adding or applying chemicals and/or solvents other than those approved or recommended by SUBARU. & Before checking or servicing in the engine compartment S11AB01 WARNING . Always stop the engine and apply the parking brake firmly to prevent the vehicle from moving. . Always let the engine cool down. Engine parts become very hot when the engine is running and remain hot for some time after the engine has stopped. . Do not spill engine oil, engine coolant, brake fluid or any other fluid on hot engine components. This may cause a fire. . When the ignition switch is in the “ON” position, the cooling fan may operate suddenly even when the hybrid system is stopped. If your body or clothes come into contact with a rotating fan, that could result in serious injury. To avoid risk of injury, always turn the push-button ignition switch to the “OFF” position and confirm that the operation indicator on the switch is turned off. Then take the access key fob out from the vehicle. & When checking or servicing in the engine compartment S11AB03 CAUTION . Do not contact the engine cover while checking the components in the engine compartment. Doing so may cause your hand to slip off the cover and result in an unexpected injury. 418 Maintenance precautions . Do not touch the oil filter until the engine has cooled down completely. Doing so may result in a burn or other injury. Note that the oil filter becomes very hot when the engine is running and remains hot for some time after the engine has stopped. & When checking or servicing in the engine compartment while the engine is running S11AB02 WARNING A running engine can be dangerous. Keep your fingers, hands, clothing, hair and tools away from the cooling fan, drive belt and any other moving engine parts. Removing rings, watches and ties is advisable. 11-3. Engine hood S11AC CAUTION . When you open the engine hood, do not stand the wiper blades up. Furthermore, while the hood is open, do not operate the windshield wipers. Doing so could result in damage to the engine hood and wiper blades. . Be extremely careful not to catch fingers or other objects when closing the engine hood. . Do not push the hood forcibly to close it. It could deform the metal. . Be extremely careful opening the engine hood when the wind is strong. The engine hood could close suddenly, possibly causing injuries from slamming. . Do not install accessories other than genuine SUBARU parts to the engine hood. If the engine hood becomes too heavy, the stay may not be able to support holding it open. . Check that the end of the hood stay is inserted into the slot. If it is not inserted properly, the hood may drop and cause injury. To open the hood: 1. If the wiper blades are lifted off the windshield, return them to their original position. 2. Pull the hood release knob under the instrument panel. – CONTINUED – Engine hood 419 Maintenance and service 3. Release the secondary hood release by moving the lever between the front grille and the hood toward the left. 1) Grip 4. Lift up the hood, release the hood prop from its retainer and put the end of the hood prop into the slot in the hood. Hold the grip for handling the hood prop. To close the hood: 1. Lift the hood slightly and remove the hood prop from the slot in the hood and return the prop to its retainer. 2. Lower the hood to a height of approximately 5.9 in (15 cm) above its closed position and then let it drop. 3. After closing the hood, be sure the hood is securely locked. If this does not close the hood, release it from a slightly higher position. WARNING Always check that the hood is properly locked before you start driving. If it is not, it might fly open while the vehicle is moving and block your view, which may cause an accident and serious bodily injury. 420 Engine hood 11-4. Engine compartment overview S11AD 1) Brake fluid reservoir (page 430) 2) Fuse box (page 449) 3) 12 V battery (page 448) 4) Windshield washer tank (page 442) 5) Radiator cap for engine (page 425) 6) Engine oil filler cap (page 422) 7) Engine coolant reservoir (page 425) 8) Engine oil filter (page 423) 9) Radiator cap for inverter with converter assembly (page 426) 10) Engine oil level gauge (page 422) 11) Air cleaner case (page 427) Engine compartment overview 421 Maintenance and service 11-5. Engine oil S11AE CAUTION . If the level gauge cannot be pulled out easily, twist the level gauge right and left, then gently pull it out. Otherwise, you may be injured accidentally straining yourself. . Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. . Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. & Engine oil consumption S11AE07 Some engine oil will be consumed while driving. The rate of consumption can be affected by such factors as transmission type, driving style, terrain and temperature. Under the following conditions, oil consumption can be increased and thus require refilling between maintenance intervals: . The engine is new and within the breakin period. . The engine oil is of lower quality. . The incorrect oil viscosity is used. . Engine braking is employed (repeatedly). . The engine is operated at high engine speeds (for extended periods of time). . The engine is operated under heavy loads (for extended periods of time). . A trailer is being towed. . The engine idles for extended periods of time. . The vehicle is operated in stop and go and/or heavy traffic situations. . The vehicle is used under severe thermal conditions. . The vehicle accelerates and decelerates frequently. Under these or similar conditions, you should check your oil at least every 2nd fuel fill-up and change your engine oil more frequently. Different drivers in the same car may experience different results. If your oil consumption rate is greater than expected, contact your authorized SUBARU dealer who may perform a test under controlled conditions. & Locations of the oil level gauge, oil filler cap and oil filter S11AE06 1) Oil level gauge 2) Oil filler cap 3) Oil filter & Checking the oil level S11AE01 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and turn the ignition switch to the “OFF” position. If you check the oil level just after turning the ignition switch to the “OFF” position, wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan before checking the level. 422 Engine oil CAUTION If the level gauge cannot be pulled out easily, twist the level gauge right and left, then gently pull it out. Otherwise, you may be injured accidentally straining yourself. 2. Pull out the level gauge, wipe it clean, and insert it again. 3. Be sure the level gauge is correctly inserted until it stops. 1) Full level 2) Low level 3) Approximately 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) from low level to full level 4. Pull out the oil level gauge again. 5. Check the oil levels on both sides of the level gauge. The engine oil level must be judged by the lowest of the two levels. If the oil level is below the low level mark, add oil so that the full level is reached. CAUTION . Be careful not to touch the engine oil filter when removing the oil filler cap. Doing so may result in a burn, a pinched finger, or may cause some other injury. . Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. . Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. To add engine oil, remove the engine oil filler cap and slowly pour engine oil through the filler neck. After pouring oil into the engine, you must use the level gauge to confirm that the oil level is correct. NOTE . To prevent overfilling the engine oil, do not add any additional oil above the upper level when the engine is cold. . The engine low oil level warning light may stay illuminated when the hybrid system is started straight after topping up or changing the engine oil. In such cases, park the vehicle on a level surface and wait for more than a minute until the oil level settles, after which the warning light will turn off. Refer to “Engine low oil level warning light” FP196. & Changing the oil and oil filter S11AE02 Change the oil and oil filter according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. The engine oil and oil filter must be changed more frequently than listed in the maintenance schedule when driving on dusty roads, when short trips are frequently made, or when driving in extremely cold weather. NOTE . Changing the engine oil and oil filter should be performed by a well-trained expert. Contact your SUBARU dealer for changing the engine oil and oil filter. Fully trained mechanics are on standby at a SUBARU dealer to utilize the special tools, spare parts and recommended oil for this work, and also, used oils are properly disposed of. – CONTINUED – Engine oil 423 Maintenance and service . If performing oil replacement yourself, observe the local regulations and dispose of waste oil properly. & Recommended grade and viscosity S11AE03 CAUTION Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. Refer to “Engine oil” FP461. NOTE Engine oil viscosity (thickness) affects fuel economy. Oils of lower viscosity provide better fuel economy. However, in hot weather, oil of higher viscosity is required to properly lubricate the engine. & Synthetic oil S11AE05 You should use synthetic engine oil that meets the same requirements given for conventional engine oil. When using synthetic oil, you must use oil of the same classification, viscosity and grade shown in this Owner’s Manual. Refer to “Engine oil” FP461. Also, you must follow the oil and filter changing intervals shown in the Warranty and Maintenance booklet. NOTE Synthetic oil of the grade and viscosity noted in chapter 12 is the recommended engine oil for optimum engine performance. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable. 11-6. Cooling system S11AF & Safety precautions S11AF04 WARNING Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the hybrid system has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is removed. CAUTION . Vehicles are filled at the factory with SUBARU Super Coolant that does not require the first change for 11 years/137,500 miles (11 years/220,000 km). This coolant should not be mixed with any other brand or type of coolant during this period. Mixing with a different coolant will reduce the life of the coolant. Should it be necessary to top up the coolant for any reason, use only SUBARU Super Coolant. If the SUBARU Super Coolant is diluted with another brand or 424 Cooling system type, the maintenance interval is shortened to that of the mixing coolant. . Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface. & Cooling fan, hose and connections S11AF03 Your vehicle employs an electric cooling fan which is thermostatically controlled to operate when the engine coolant reaches a specific temperature. If the radiator cooling fan does not operate even when the coolant temperature high warning light blinks or illuminates in RED, the cooling fan circuit may be defective. Refer to “Coolant temperature high warning light” FP194. Check the fuse and replace it if necessary. Refer to “Fuses” FP449 and “Fuse panel located in the engine compartment” FP468. If the fuse is not blown, have the cooling system checked by your SUBARU dealer. If frequent addition of coolant is necessary, there may be a leak in the engine cooling system. It is recommended that the cooling system and connections be checked for leaks, damage, or looseness. & Engine coolant S11AF02 ! Checking the coolant level S11AF0201 WARNING Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the hybrid system has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is removed. 1) “FULL” level mark 2) “LOW” level mark Check the coolant level at each fuel stop. 1. Check the coolant level on the outside of the reservoir while the engine is cool. 2. If the level is close to or lower than the “LOW” level mark, add coolant up to the “FULL” level mark. If the reserve tank is empty, remove the radiator cap and refill coolant up to just below the filler neck as shown in the following illustration. 1) Fill up to this level – CONTINUED – Cooling system 425 Maintenance and service 3. After refilling the reserve tank and the radiator, reinstall the cap and check that the rubber gaskets inside the radiator cap are in the proper position. CAUTION . Be careful not to spill engine coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine coolant gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. . Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface. ! Changing the coolant S11AF0202 It may be difficult to change the coolant. Have the coolant changed by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. The coolant should be changed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. & Inverter with converter assembly coolant S11AF05 ! Checking the coolant level S11AF0501 WARNING Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the hybrid system has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is removed. 1) “FULL” level mark 2) “LOW” level mark 1. Check the coolant level on the outside of the reservoir while the engine is cool. 1) “FULL” level mark 2) “LOW” level mark 426 Cooling system 2. If the level is close to or lower than the “LOW” level mark, remove the radiator cap and add coolant up to the “FULL” level mark. 3. After refilling the reserve tank and the radiator, reinstall the cap and check that the rubber gaskets inside the radiator cap are in the proper position. CAUTION . Be careful not to spill inverter with converter assembly coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If inverter with converter assembly coolant gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. . Do not splash the inverter with converter assembly coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the inverter with converter assembly coolant may damage the paint surface. ! Changing the coolant S11AF0502 It may be difficult to change the coolant. Have the coolant changed by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. The coolant should be changed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. 11-7. Air cleaner element S11AG WARNING Do not operate the engine with the air cleaner element removed. The air cleaner element not only filters intake air but also stops flames if the engine backfires. If the air cleaner element is not installed when the engine backfires, you could be burned. CAUTION When replacing the air cleaner element, use a genuine SUBARU air cleaner element. If it is not used, there is the possibility of causing a negative effect to the engine. The air cleaner element functions as a filter screen. When the element is perforated or removed, engine wear will be excessive and engine life shortened. It is not necessary to clean or wash the air cleaner element. – CONTINUED – Air cleaner element 427 Maintenance and service & Replacing the air cleaner element S11AG01 Replace the air cleaner element according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Under extremely dusty conditions, replace it more frequently. It is recommended that you always use genuine SUBARU parts. 1) Clip 1. Unsnap the two clips holding the air cleaner case (rear). 2. Open the air cleaner case and pull the cover rearward while lifting it up. 3. Remove the air cleaner element. 4. Clean the inside of the air cleaner case (both front and rear) with a damp cloth and install a new air cleaner element. 5. To install the air cleaner case (rear), insert the three projections on the air cleaner case (rear) into the slits on the air cleaner case (front). 6. Install in the reverse order of removal. NOTE Install the air cleaner element so that the surface with “UPR” printed on it faces upward. 428 Air cleaner element 11-8. Spark plugs S11AH It may be difficult to replace the spark plugs. It is recommended that you have the spark plugs replaced by your SUBARU dealer. The spark plugs should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. CAUTION Make sure the cables are replaced in the correct order. & Recommended spark plugs S11AH01 For the recommended spark plugs, refer to “Electrical system” FP464. 11-9. Drive belts S11AI It is unnecessary to check the deflection of the drive belt periodically. However, replacement of the belt should be done according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. If the drive belt is loose, cracked or worn, contact your SUBARU dealer. 11-10. Continuously variable transmission fluid S11AY It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. Check that there are no cracks, damage or leakage. However, the fluid inspection should be performed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for details. Spark plugs 429 Maintenance and service 11-11. Front differential gear oil and rear differential gear oil S11BL It is not necessary to check the gear oil level. Check that there are no cracks, damage or leakage. However, the oil inspection should be performed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for details. & Recommended grade and viscosity S11BL01 Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and additives. Never use different brands together. For details, refer to “Front differential and rear differential gear oil” FP463. CAUTION Using a differential gear oil other than the specified oil may cause a decline in vehicle performance. 11-12. Brake fluid S11AO & Checking the fluid level S11AO01 WARNING . Never let brake fluid contact your eyes because brake fluid can be harmful to your eyes. If brake fluid gets in your eyes, immediately flush them thoroughly with clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is advisable. . Brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moisture can cause a dangerous loss of braking performance. . If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer. CAUTION . When adding brake fluid, be careful not to allow any dirt into the reservoir. . Never splash the brake fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the brake fluid may damage them. . Be careful not to spill brake fluid when adding it. If brake fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If brake fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. 1) “MAX” level line 2) “MIN” level line A) The brake fluid level must be checked in this area. Check the fluid level monthly. Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. Be sure to check the fluid level for the brake system at the shaded area in the illustration. 430 Front differential gear oil and rear differential gear oil If the fluid level is below “MIN”, add the recommended brake fluid to “MAX”. Use only brake fluid from a sealed container. & Recommended brake fluid S11AO02 Refer to “Fluids” FP463. CAUTION Never use different brands of brake fluid together. Also, avoid mixing DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids even if they are the same brand. 11-13. Brake pedal S11AR Check the brake pedal free play and reserve distance according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. 11-14. Replacement of brake pad S11AT The disc brakes have audible wear indicators on the brake pads. If the brake pads wear close to their service limit, the wear indicator makes a very audible scraping noise when the brake pedal is applied. If you hear this scraping noise each time you apply the brake pedal, have the brake pads serviced by your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. CAUTION If you continue to drive despite the scraping noise from the audible brake pad wear indicator, it will – CONTINUED – Brake pedal 431 Maintenance and service result in the need for costly brake rotor repair or replacement. & Breaking-in of new brake pads S11AT01 When replacing the brake pad, use only genuine SUBARU parts. After replacement, the new parts must be broken in. Contact your SUBARU dealer for details. 11-15. Tires and wheels S11AV & Types of tires S11AV01 You should be familiar with type of tires present on your vehicle. ! All season tires S11AV0101 All season tires are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking performance in year-round driving including snowy and icy road conditions. However all season tires do not offer as much traction performance as winter (snow) tires in heavy or loose snow or on icy roads. All season tires are identified by “ALL SEASON” and/or “M+S” (Mud & Snow) on the tire sidewall. ! Summer tires S11AV0102 Summer tires are high-speed capability tires best suited for highway driving under dry conditions. Summer tires are inadequate for driving on slippery roads such as on snow-covered or icy roads. If you drive your vehicle on snow-covered or icy roads, we strongly recommend the use of winter (snow) tires. When installing winter tires, be sure to replace all four tires. ! Winter (snow) tires S11AV0103 Winter tires are best suited for driving on snow-covered and icy roads. However winter tires do not perform as well as summer tires and all season tires on roads other than snow-covered and icy roads. & Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) (U.S.- spec. models) S11AV02 The tire pressure monitoring system provides the driver with a warning message by sending a signal from a sensor that is installed in each wheel when tire pressure is severely low. The tire pressure monitoring system will activate only when the vehicle is driven. Also, this system may not react immediately to a sudden drop in tire pressure (for example, a blow-out caused by running over a sharp object). If you adjust the tire pressures in a warm garage and will then drive the vehicle in cold outside air, the resulting drop in tire pressures may cause the low tire pressure warning light to illuminate. To avoid this problem when adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, inflate the tires to pressures higher than those shown on the tire placard. Specifically, inflate them by an extra 1 psi (6.9 kPa, 0.07 kgf/cm2) for every difference of 108F (5.68C) between 432 Tires and wheels the temperature in the garage and the temperature outside. By way of example, the following table shows the required tire pressures that correspond to various outside temperatures when the temperature in the garage is 608F (15.68C). Example: Tire size: 225/55R18 98H Standard tire pressures: Front: 36 psi (250 kPa, 2.5 kgf/cm2) Rear: 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2) Garage temperature: 608F (15.68C) Outside temperature Adjusted pressure [psi (kPa, kgf/cm2)] Front Rear 308F (−18C) 39 (270, 2.7) 38 (260, 2.6) 108F (−128C) 41 (285, 2.85) 40 (275, 2.75) −108F (−238C) 44 (300, 3.0) 42 (290, 2.9) If the low tire pressure warning light illuminates when you drive the vehicle in cold outside air after adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, re-adjust the tire pressures using the method described above. Then, increase the vehicle speed to at least 20 mph (32 km/h) and check to see that the low tire pressure warning light turns off a few minutes later. If the low tire pressure warning light does not turn off, the tire pressure monitoring system may not be functioning normally. In this event, go to a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected as soon as possible. While the vehicle is driven, friction between tires and the road surface causes the tires to warm up. After illumination of the low tire pressure warning light, any increase in the tire pressures caused by an increase in the outside air temperature or by an increase in the temperature in the tires can cause the low tire pressure warning light to turn off. To register newly fitted TPMS valves on the replacement wheels (when switching to snow tires, for example), drive for several minutes at a speed of 25 mph (40 km/h) or higher. It may not be possible to install TPMS valves on certain wheels that are on the market. Therefore, if you change the wheels (for example, a switch to snow tires), use wheels that have the same part number as the standard-equipment wheels. Without four operational TPMS valve/sensors on the wheels, the TPMS will not fully function and the warning light on the combination meter will illuminate steadily after blinking for approximately one minute. When a tire is replaced, adjustments are necessary to ensure continued normal operation of the tire pressure monitoring system. As with wheel replacement, therefore, you should have the work performed by a SUBARU dealer. WARNING If the low tire pressure warning light does not illuminate briefly after the ignition switch is turned ON or the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, you should have your Tire Pressure Monitoring System checked at a SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. If this light illuminates while driving, never brake suddenly and keep driving straight ahead while gradually reducing speed. Then slowly pull off the road to a safe place. Otherwise an accident involving serious vehicle damage and serious personal injury could occur. If this light still illuminates while driving after adjusting the tire pressure, a tire may have significant damage and a fast leak that causes the tire to lose air rapidly. When a wheel rim is replaced without the original pressure sensor/ transmitter being transferred, the – CONTINUED – Tires and wheels 433 Maintenance and service low tire pressure warning light will illuminate steadily after blinking for approximately one minute. This indicates the TPMS is unable to monitor all four road wheels. Contact your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible for tire and sensor replacement and/or system resetting. If the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, promptly contact a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected. & Tire inspection S11AV03 Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. Contact your SUBARU dealer immediately if you find any problem. NOTE . When the wheels and tires strike curbs or are subjected to harsh treatment as when the vehicle is driven on a rough surface, they can suffer damage that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This type of damage does not become evident until time has passed. Try not to drive over curbs, potholes or on other rough surfaces. If doing so is unavoidable, keep the vehicle’s speed down to a walking pace or less, and approach the curbs as squarely as possible. Also, make sure the tires are not pressed against the curb when you park the vehicle. . If you feel unusual vibration while driving or find it difficult to steer the vehicle in a straight line, one of the tires and/or wheels may be damaged. Drive slowly to the nearest authorized SUBARU dealer and have the vehicle inspected. & Tire pressures and wear S11AV04 Maintaining the correct tire pressures helps to maximize the tires’ service lives and is essential for good running performance. Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire at least once a month and before any long journey. Tire placard Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the values shown on the tire placard. The tire placard is located on the door pillar on the driver’s side. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driv- 434 Tires and wheels ing the vehicle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure. NOTE . The air pressure in a tire increases by approximately 4.3 psi (30 kPa, 0.3 kgf/cm2) when the tire becomes warm. . The tires are considered cold when the vehicle has been parked for at least three hours or has been driven less than one mile (1.6 km). WARNING Do not let air out of warm tires to adjust pressure. Doing so will result in low tire pressure. Incorrect tire pressures detract from controllability and ride comfort, and they cause the tires to wear abnormally. 1) Correct tire pressure (tread worn evenly) Roadholding is good, and steering is responsive. Rolling resistance is low, so fuel consumption is also lower. 2) Under inflated tire (tread worn on shoulders) Rolling resistance is high, so fuel consumption is also higher. 3) Over inflated (tread worn in the center) Ride comfort is poor. Also, the tire magnifies the effects of road-surface bumps and dips, possibly resulting in vehicle damage. If the tire placard shows tire pressures for the vehicle when fully loaded, adjust the tire pressures to the values that match the loading conditions. WARNING Driving at high speeds with excessively low tire pressures can cause the tires to deform severely and to rapidly heat up. A sharp increase in temperature could cause tread separation, and destruction of the tires. The resulting loss of – CONTINUED – Tires and wheels 435 Maintenance and service vehicle control could lead to an accident. & Wheel balance S11AV05 Each wheel was correctly balanced when your vehicle was new, but the wheels will become unbalanced as the tires become worn during use. Wheel imbalance causes the steering wheel to vibrate slightly at certain vehicle speeds and detracts from the vehicle’s straight-line stability. It can also cause steering and suspension system problems and abnormal tire wear. If you suspect that the wheels are not correctly balanced, have them checked and adjusted by your SUBARU dealer. Also have them adjusted after tire repairs and after tire rotation. CAUTION Loss of correct wheel alignment causes the tires to wear on one side and reduces the vehicle’s running stability. Contact your SUBARU dealer if you notice abnormal tire wear. NOTE The suspension system is designed to hold each wheel at a certain alignment (relative to the other wheels and to the road) for optimum straight-line stability and cornering performance. & Wear indicators S11AV06 1) New tread 2) Worn tread 3) Tread wear indicator Each tire incorporates a tread wear indicator, which becomes visible when the depth of the tread grooves decreases to 0.063 in (1.6 mm). A tire must be replaced when the tread wear indicator appears as a solid band across the tread. WARNING When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire 436 Tires and wheels is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at high speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. The resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident. NOTE For safety, inspect tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible. & Rotational direction of tires S11AV11 Example of rotational direction marked on the sidewall 1) Front If the tires have specific rotational direction, refer to the arrow marked on the side wall. The arrow should be pointing forward direction when the wheels are fitted. & Tire rotation S11AV07 Tire wear varies from wheel to wheel, and rotation is necessary. However, it may be difficult to rotate the tires. Have the tires rotated by your SUBARU dealer. For the tire rotation schedule, refer to the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. & Tire replacement S11AV08 The wheels and tires are important and integral parts of your vehicle’s design; they cannot be changed arbitrarily. The tires fitted as standard equipment are optimally matched to the characteristics of the vehicle and were selected to give the best possible combination of running performance, ride comfort, and service life. It is essential for every tire to have a size and construction matching those shown on the tire placard and to have a speed symbol and load index matching those shown on the tire placard. Using tires of a non-specified size detracts from controllability, ride comfort, braking performance, speedometer accuracy and odometer accuracy. It also creates incorrect body-to-tire clearances and inappropriately changes the vehicle’s ground clearance. All four tires must be the same in terms of manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), construction, and size. You are advised to replace the tires with new ones that are identical to those fitted as standard equip- – CONTINUED – Tires and wheels 437 Maintenance and service ment. For safe vehicle operation, SUBARU recommends replacing all four tires at the same time. WARNING . When replacing or installing tire(s), all four tires must be the same for the following items. (a) Size (b) Speed symbol (c) Load index (d) Circumference (e) Construction (f) Manufacturer (g) Brand (tread pattern) (h) Degrees of wear For items (a) to (c), you must obey the specification that is printed on the tire placard. The tire placard is located on the driver’s door pillar. If all the four tires are not the same for items (a) to (h), serious mechanical damage could be caused to the drivetrain of the car, and affect the followings. – Ride – Handling – Braking – Speedometer/Odometer calibration – Clearance between the body and tires It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle control, and it can lead to an accident. . Use only radial tires. Do not use radial tires together with belted bias tires and/or bias-ply tires. Doing so can dangerously reduce controllability, resulting in an accident. & Wheel replacement S11AV09 When replacing wheels due, for example, to damage, make sure the replacement wheels match the specifications of the wheels that are fitted as standard equipment. Replacement wheels are available from SUBARU dealers. WARNING Use only those wheels that are specified for your vehicle. Wheels not meeting specifications could interfere with brake caliper operation and may cause the tires to rub against the wheel well housing during turns. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. NOTE When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or for any other reason, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. ! Replacement procedure S11AV0901 WARNING . Do not jack up the vehicle on an incline or a loose road surface. The jack can come out of the jacking point or sink into the ground and this can result in a serious accident. . Use only the jack and the jack handle provided with your vehicle. The jack supplied with the vehicle is designed only for changing a tire. Never get under the vehicle while supporting the ve- 438 Tires and wheels hicle with this jack. . Before jacking up the vehicle, be sure that there are no occupants or cargo on board. . Do not jack up the vehicle with an object on or underneath the jack. The jack can be unstable and this can result in a severe accident. . Always turn off the HYBRID system before raising the tire off the ground using the jack. Never swing or push the vehicle supported with the jack. The jack can come out of the jacking point due to a jolt and this can result in a serious accident. CAUTION Do not hit and bend the disc rotor backing plate when removing and installing the tire. A bent backing plate may scrape against the disc rotor and cause noise while the vehicle is in motion. NOTE Contact a SUBARU dealer when jacking up the vehicle using a garage jack. 1. Park on a hard, level surface, whenever possible, then stop the HYBRID system. 2. Apply the parking brake securely and shift the select lever into the “P” (Park) position. 3. Turn on the hazard warning flasher and unload all occupants and luggage from the vehicle. 4. Put wheel blocks at the front and rear of the tire diagonally opposite the tire to be replaced. 5. Take out the jack, jack handle and wheel nut wrench. Refer to “Maintenance tools” FP380. NOTE Make sure that the jack is well lubricated before using it. 6. Loosen the wheel nuts using the wheel nut wrench but do not remove the nuts. Jack-up points 7. Place the jack under the side sill at the front or rear jack-up point closest to the tire to be replaced. – CONTINUED – Tires and wheels 439 Maintenance and service Turn the jackscrew by hand until the jack head engages firmly into the jack-up point. 8. Insert the jack handle into the hole of the wheel nut wrench. 9. Insert the jack handle into the jackscrew, and turn the handle until the tire clears the ground. Do not raise the vehicle higher than necessary. 10. Remove the wheel nuts and the tire to be replaced. 11. Before putting the new tire on, clean the mounting surface of the wheel and hub with a cloth. 12. Put on the new tire. Replace the wheel nuts. Tighten them by hand. 440 Tires and wheels WARNING Do not use oil or grease on the wheel studs or nuts when the new tire is installed. This could cause the nuts to become loose and lead to an accident. 13. Turn the jack handle counterclockwise to lower the vehicle. 14. Use the wheel nut wrench to securely tighten the wheel nuts to the specified torque, following the tightening order in the illustration. For the wheel nut tightening torque, refer to “Tires” FP464. Never use your foot on the wheel nut wrench or a pipe extension on the wrench because you may exceed the specified torque. Have the wheel nut torque checked at the nearest automotive service facility. 15. Store the jack, jack handle and wheel nut wrench in their storage locations. WARNING Never place the tire to be replaced or tire changing tools in the passenger compartment after changing a new tire. In a sudden stop or collisions, loose equipment could strike occupants and cause injury. Store the all tools in the proper place. 11-16. Alloy wheels S11BM Alloy wheels can be scratched and damaged easily. Handle them carefully to maintain their appearance, performance, and safety. . When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. . Never apply oil to the threaded parts, wheel nuts, or tapered surface of the wheel. . Never let the wheel rub against sharp protrusions or curbs. . When wheel nuts, balance weights, or the center cap is replaced, be sure to replace them with genuine SUBARU parts designed for alloy wheels. . When stacking and storing removed tires, place shock-absorbing material between the tires to protect the wheels from becoming scratched. Alloy wheels 441 Maintenance and service 11-17. Windshield washer fluid S11AX Windshield washer fluid warning light When there is only a small amount of washer fluid remaining, the windshield washer fluid warning light will illuminate. When this occurs, refill the washer fluid. & Adding the windshield washer fluid S11AX01 CAUTION Never use engine coolant as washer fluid because it could cause paint damage. Remove the washer tank filler cap, then add windshield washer fluid. & Windshield washer fluid S11AX02 Use windshield washer fluid. If windshield washer fluid is unavailable use clean water. In areas where water freezes in winter, use an anti-freeze type windshield washer fluid. If you fill the reservoir tank with a fluid with a different concentration from the one used previously, purge the old fluid from the piping between the reservoir tank and washer nozzles by operating the washer for a certain period of time. Otherwise, if the concentration of the fluid remaining in the piping is too low for the outside temperature, it may freeze and block the nozzles. CAUTION . Adjust the washer fluid concentration appropriately for the outside temperature. If the concentration is inappropriate, sprayed washer fluid may freeze on the windshield and obstruct your view, and the fluid may freeze in the reservoir tank. . Be careful foreign matter does not contaminate the washer fluid when filling the tank. Contamina- 442 Windshield washer fluid tion could cause malfunctions, such as clogging the pump. . State or local regulations on volatile organic compounds may restrict the use of methanol, a common windshield washer antifreeze additive. Washer fluids containing non-methanol antifreeze agents should be used only if they provide cold weather protection without damaging your vehicle’s paint, wiper blades or washer system. 11-18. Replacement of wiper blades S11AZ Grease, wax, insects, or other material on the windshield or the wiper blade results in jerky wiper operation and streaking on the glass. If you cannot remove the streaks after operating the windshield washer or if the wiper operation is jerky, clean the outer surface of the windshield (or rear window) and the wiper blades using a sponge or soft cloth with a neutral detergent or mildabrasive cleaner. After cleaning, rinse the windshield and wiper blades with clean water. The windshield is clean if beads do not form when you rinse the windshield with water. CAUTION . Do not clean the wiper blades with gasoline or a solvent, such as paint thinner or benzine. This will cause deterioration of the wiper blades. . When you wish to raise the passenger- side wiper arm, first raise the driver-side wiper arm. Otherwise, the passenger-side wiper assembly and driver-side wiper assembly will touch each other, possibly resulting in scratches. . Return the passenger-side wiper arm to its original position before returning the driver-side wiper arm to its original position. Otherwise, the passenger-side wiper assembly and driver-side wiper assembly will touch each other, possibly resulting in scratches. . While removing the wiper blades from the wiper arms, do not return the wiper arms to the original positions. Otherwise, the windshield surface may be scratched. . When returning the raised wiper arms to the original positions, carefully return the wiper arms on the windshield by hand. You should not return the wiper arms to the windshield only by the return spring. Otherwise, the wiper arms may be deformed and/or the windshield surface may be scratched. If you cannot eliminate the streaking even after following this method, replace the wiper blades using the following procedures. – CONTINUED – Replacement of wiper blades 443 Maintenance and service & Windshield wiper blade assembly S11AZ01 1. Raise the wiper arm off the windshield. CAUTION Hold the wiper arm when replacing the wiper blade. Holding the wiper blade, may result in blade deformation. 1) Lock knob 2. Hold the wiper blade connection by hand, push the lock knob to release the lock, and then pull out the wiper blade assembly. NOTE Do not use a hard object to push the lock knob. The lock knob may be scratched. 3. When installing the wiper blade assembly, align it with the wiper arm connection part and then slide it in the opposite direction of removal to install. After installing the wiper blade assembly, check that the connection part is locked completely. 4. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. 444 Replacement of wiper blades & Windshield wiper blade rubber S11AZ05 Replace the wiper blade rubber according to the following procedure. 1) Slit 1. Pull the wiper blade rubber from the right side in the order of (1), (2) and (3) until the slit on the wiper blade can be seen position. 2. Pull the end of the wiper blade rubber through the slit to remove it. 3. Insert a new wiper blade rubber into the slit. Do not insert the wiper blade rubber into the wrong slit. – CONTINUED – Replacement of wiper blades 445 Maintenance and service 4. Insert the wiper blade rubber into the slit, then return to the tip of the position. 5. Check that the wiper blade rubber is fixed properly. If wiper blade rubbers are not attached properly, they may scratch the windshield . 6. Attach the wiper blade. NOTE It may be difficult to perform the wiper blade rubber replacement. We recommend that you contact your SUBARU dealer for wiper blade rubber replacement if necessary. & Rear window wiper blade assembly S11AZ03 1. Raise the wiper arm off the rear window. 2. Turn the wiper blade assembly counterclockwise. 3. Pull the wiper blade assembly toward you to remove it from the wiper arm. 4. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 5. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. 446 Replacement of wiper blades & Rear window wiper blade rubber S11AZ04 1. Pull out the end of the blade rubber assembly to unlock it from the plastic support. 2. Pull the blade rubber assembly out of the plastic support. 1) Metal spines 3. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber. 4. Align the claws of the plastic support with the grooves in the blade rubber assembly, then slide the blade rubber assembly into place. – CONTINUED – Replacement of wiper blades 447 Maintenance and service Securely retain both ends of the rubber with the stoppers on the plastic support ends. If the rubber is not retained properly, the wiper may scratch the rear window glass. 5. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 6. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. 11-19. 12 V battery S11BA WARNING . Before beginning work on or near any battery, be sure to extinguish all cigarettes, matches, and lighters. Never expose a battery to an open flame or electric sparks. Batteries give off a gas which is highly flammable and explosive. . For safety, in case an explosion does occur, wear eye protection or shield your eyes when working near any battery. Never lean over a battery. . Do not let battery fluid contact eyes, skin, fabrics, or paint because battery fluid is a corrosive acid. If battery fluid gets on your skin or in your eyes, immediately flush the area with water thoroughly. Seek medical help immediately if acid has entered the eyes. If battery fluid is accidentally swallowed, immediately drink a large amount of milk or water, and seek medical attention immediately. . To lessen the risk of sparks, remove rings, metal watchbands, and other metal jewelry. Never allow metal tools to contact the positive battery terminal and anything connected to it WHILE you are at the same time in contact with any other metallic portion of the vehicle because a short circuit will result. . Keep everyone including children away from the battery. . Charge the battery in a wellventilated area. . Battery posts, terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. Wash hands after handling. 448 12 V battery 1) Cap 2) Upper level 3) Lower level It is unnecessary to periodically check the battery fluid level or periodically refill with distilled water. However, if the battery fluid level is below the lower level, remove the cap. Fill to the upper level with distilled water. If the 12 V battery is removed and installed, it may not be changed to EV driving. In that case, contact a SUBARU dealer. CAUTION Never use more than 10 A when charging the battery because it will shorten battery life. 11-20. Fuses S11BB CAUTION Never replace a fuse with one having a higher rating or with material other than a fuse because serious damage or a fire could result. The fuses are designed to melt during an overload to prevent damage to the wiring harness and electrical equipment. The fuses are located in two fuse boxes. One is located under the instrument panel behind the fuse box cover on the driver’s seat side. To remove the cover, pull it out. – CONTINUED – Fuses 449 Maintenance and service 1) Spare fuses The other one (main fuse box) is housed in the engine compartment. Also, the spare fuses are stored in the fuse box cover. The fuse puller is stored in the main fuse box in the engine compartment. Pinch the upper part of the fuse puller when removing it from the main fuse box. 1) Good 2) Blown If any lights, accessories or other electrical controls do not operate, inspect the corresponding fuse. If a fuse has blown, replace it. 1. Turn the ignition switch to the “OFF” position and turn off all electrical accessories. 2. Remove the cover. 3. Determine which fuse may be blown. Look at the back side of each fuse box cover and refer to “Fuses and circuits” FP466. 4. Pull out the fuse with the fuse puller. 5. Inspect the fuse. If it has blown, replace it with a spare fuse of the same rating. 6. If the same fuse blows again, this indicates that its system has a problem. Contact your SUBARU dealer for repairs. 450 Fuses 11-21. Installation of accessories S11BD Always consult your SUBARU dealer before installing fog lights or any other electrical equipment in your vehicle. Such accessories may cause the electronic system to malfunction if they are incorrectly installed or if they are not suited for the vehicle. 11-22. Replacing bulbs S11BE WARNING Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down. Otherwise, there is a risk of sustaining a burn injury. CAUTION Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire. For the specified wattage of each bulb, refer to “Bulb chart” FP470. NOTE For models with type B combination meter, if SRH is malfunctioning, the SRH OFF indicator appears on the combination meter when the ignition switch is in the “ON” position. It indicates that SRH has been deactivated. Contact a SUBARU dealer for an inspection. & Headlights S11BE18 LED headlight warning light The LED headlight warning light illuminates if the LED headlights malfunction. Have your vehicle inspected at a SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. & Front turn signal light S11BE03 It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. & Parking light S11BE02 The parking lights are the LED. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. – CONTINUED – Installation of accessories 451 Maintenance and service & Front fog light S11BE04 The front fog lights are the LED. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. & Rear combination lights S11BE05 1. Remove the covers. 2. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the upper and lower screws that secure the rear combination light assembly. 3. Slide the rear combination light assembly rearward and remove it from the vehicle. 1) Tail light 2) Rear side marker light 3) Rear turn signal light 4. Remove the bulb socket from the rear combination light assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 5. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 6. Set the bulb socket into the rear combination light assembly and turn it clockwise until it locks. 452 Replacing bulbs 1) Guide pins 2) Catches 3) Clips 7. Put the rear combination light assembly into place while aligning the 2 guide pins and catches with the guide holes and clips on the vehicle. 8. Tighten the upper and lower screws. 9. Reinstall the covers. & Backup light S11BE06 1. Apply a flat-head screwdriver to the light cover as shown in the illustration, and pry the light cover off from the rear gate trim. – CONTINUED – Replacing bulbs 453 Maintenance and service 2. For left side light, turn the bulb socket clockwise and remove it. For right side light, turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and remove it. 3. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 4. Install the bulb socket by turning it clockwise. 5. Install the light cover on the rear gate. & License plate light S11BE07 1. The license plate lights must be pushed outwards, and then pulled out to be removed. 2. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and pull out the socket. 3. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 4. Install a new bulb. 5. Reinstall the bulb socket and the license plate light cover. & Map light S11BE09 CAUTION Replacing the bulb could cause burns since the bulb may be very hot. Have the bulb replaced by your SUBARU dealer. 454 Replacing bulbs & Vanity mirror light S11BE34 CAUTION Replacing the bulb could cause burns since the bulb may be very hot. Have the bulb replaced by your SUBARU dealer. & Dome light and cargo area light S11BE21 Dome light Cargo area light 1. Remove the lens by prying the edge of the lens with a flat-head screwdriver. 2. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 3. Install a new bulb. 4. Reinstall the lens. & Other bulbs S11BE29 It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. & Adjusting headlight aim (models with LED headlights) S11BE57 1) Adjustment bolt A 2) Adjustment bolt B ! Before checking the headlight aiming S11BE5701 1. Make sure the vehicle has a full tank of gasoline and the area around the headlight is not deformed. 2. Park the vehicle on level ground. 3. Sit in the driver’s seat. 4. Bounce the vehicle several times. – CONTINUED – Replacing bulbs 455 Maintenance and service ! Headlight aim adjustment S11BE5702 Right-hand side 1. Use a screwdriver to undo the clips on the air intake duct, and then remove the air intake duct (right-hand side). 1) Adjustment direction mark 2. Turn bolt A clockwise or counterclockwise to adjust it. Remember the direction of the rotation and number of rotations. 3. Turn bolt B the same number of turns and in the same direction as step 2. NOTE . If the headlight aim cannot be adjusted, contact your SUBARU dealer. . To inspect the headlight aim position, consult a SUBARU dealer. 456 Replacing bulbs 11-23. Replacing key battery S11BK The access key fob battery may be discharged under the following conditions. . The operation of the keyless access function is unstable. . The operating distance of the remote keyless entry system is unstable. Replace the battery with a new one. & Safety precautions S11BK04 CAUTION . Do not let dust, oil or water get on or in the access key fob/transmitter when replacing battery. . Before replacing the battery, remove any static electricity. . Be careful not to touch or damage the printed circuit board in the access key fob/transmitter when replacing the battery. . Be careful not to allow children to touch the battery and any removed parts; children could swallow them. . There is a danger of an explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type of the battery. . Batteries should not be exposed to excessive heat such as bright sunlight, fire or the like. NOTE . Replace only with the same or equivalent type of battery recommended by the manufacturer. . Dispose of used batteries according to local laws. . Mount the battery in the correct orientation to prevent fluid leakage. Be careful not to bend the terminals. It may result in a malfunction. . It is recommended that the battery be replaced by a SUBARU dealer. . Use a new battery. . After replacing the battery, confirm that the transmitter functions properly. & Replacing battery of access key fob S11BK01 CAUTION When removing or reinstalling the access key fob cover, make sure that the plastic part does not come off or become misaligned. Battery: Button battery CR2032 or equivalent 1) Release button 2) Emergency key 1. Take out the emergency key. – CONTINUED – Replacing key battery 457 Maintenance and service 2. Wrap a flat-head screwdriver with vinyl tape or a cloth, and insert it in the gap to remove the cover. 3. Take out the battery using a flat-head screwdriver with vinyl tape or a cloth. 4. Insert a new battery with its positive (+) side facing upward as shown in the figure. 5. Attach the cover to the access key fob by fitting the projections and recesses together. 458 Replacing key battery S12 12-1. Specifications . 460 Dimensions 460 Engine 460 Electric motor (traction motor) 461 High voltage battery . 461 Fuel 461 Engine oil . 461 Front differential and rear differential gear oil . 463 Fluids . 463 Engine coolant . 464 Inverter with converter assembly coolant 464 Electrical system 464 Tires 464 Brake pedal 465 Brake disc . 465 Brake pad 465 12-2. Fuses and circuits.466 Fuse panel located in the passenger compartment 466 Fuse panel located in the engine compartment. 468 12-3. Bulb chart 470 Safety precautions . 470 Bulb chart 471 12-4. Vehicle identification.473 Specifications 12 Specifications 12-1. Specifications S12AA These specifications are subject to change without notice. & Dimensions S12AA01 in (mm) Item Overall length 175.8 (4,465) Overall width 71.0 (1,800) Overall height 62.8 (1,595) Wheel base 104.9 (2,665) Tread Front 61.0 (1,550) Rear 61.2 (1,555) Ground clearance*1 8.7 (220) *1: Measured with vehicle empty & Engine S12AA02 Engine model FB20 (2.0 L, DOHC, non-turbo) Engine type Horizontally opposed, liquid cooled 4 cylinder, 4-stroke direct injection gasoline engine Displacement cu-in (cc) 122 (1,995) Bore 6 Stroke in (mm) 3.31 6 3.54 (84.0 6 90.0) Compression ratio 13.5 : 1 Firing order 1 – 3 – 2 – 4 460 Specifications & Electric motor (traction motor) S12AA23 Type Permanent magnet synchronous motor Maximum output 88 kW Maximum torque 149 ft·lbf (202 N·m, 20.6 kgf·m) & High voltage battery S12AA24 Type Lithium-ion battery Voltage 3.7 V/cell Capacity 25 Ah Quantity 95 cells Overall voltage 351.5 V & Fuel S12AA08 Fuel requirement Fuel tank capacity Unleaded gasoline with 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher 13.2 US gal (50 liters, 11.0 Imp gal) For more details, refer to “Fuel” FP297. & Engine oil S12AA12 For the checking, adding and replacing procedure or other details, refer to “Engine oil” FP422. NOTE The procedure for changing the engine oil and oil filter should be performed by a properly-trained expert. It is recommended that you have this service performed by your SUBARU dealer. – CONTINUED – Specifications 461 Specifications ! Approved engine oil S12AA1201 Always use the SUBARU approved engine oil. For further details, please contact your SUBARU dealer. If the approved engine oil is unavailable, use the alternative engine oil described on the next page. ! Alternative engine oil S12AA1202 If the SUBARU approved oil is unavailable, the following alternative oil can be used. NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. Oil grade SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature Engine oil capacity API (American Petroleum Institute) classification SN with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or SN PLUS with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or ILSAC (International Lubricant Specification Advisory Committee) GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark) 0W-20 synthetic oil is the required oil for optimum engine performance and protection. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable. *: If 0W-20 synthetic oil is not available, 5W-30 conventional oil may be used if replenishment is needed but should be changed to 0W-20 synthetic oil at the next oil change. – Adding the oil from low level to full level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) – Changing the oil and oil filter: 4.4 US qt (4.2 liters, 3.7 Imp qt) 462 Specifications & Front differential and rear differential gear oil S12AA13 Oil Front differential gear oil Rear differential gear oil Oil grade . SUBARU Extra MT*3 . API classification GL-5 (75W-90) Oil capacity*1 1.54 US qt (1.46 liters, 1.28 Imp qt) 0.8 US qt (0.8 liters, 0.7 Imp qt) Remarks*2 “Front differential gear oil and rear differential gear oil” FP430 *1: The indicated oil quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. After refilling the gearbox with oil, the oil level should be checked. *2: For more details about maintenance and service, refer to the indicated section. *3: The vehicle is filled at the factory with this type of oil. & Fluids S12AA10 Fluid Fluid type*1 Fluid capacity*2 Remarks*3 Continuously variable transmission fluid Consult your SUBARU dealer. 6.8 US qt (6.4 liters, 5.6 Imp qt) “Continuously variable transmission fluid” FP429 Brake fluid FMVSS No. 116, DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid*4 “Brake fluid” FP430 *1: Use one of the indicated types of fluid. *2: The indicated fluid quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. *3: For more details about maintenance and service, refer to the indicated section. *4: SUBARU recommends using SUBARU genuine brake fluid. – CONTINUED – Specifications 463 Specifications & Engine coolant S12AA11 Coolant capacity Coolant type 8.5 US qt (8.0 liters, 7.0 Imp qt) SUBARU Super Coolant The indicated coolant quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. For more details about maintenance and service, refer to “Cooling system” FP424. & Inverter with converter assembly coolant S12AA29 Coolant capacity Coolant type 3.6 US qt (3.4 liters, 3.0 Imp qt) SUBARU Super Coolant The indicated coolant quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. For more details about maintenance and service, refer to “Cooling system” FP424. & Electrical system S12AA03 12 V battery type 55D23L Spark plugs DILKAR7Q8 (NGK) & Tires S12AA05 Tire size 225/55R18 98H Wheel size 18 6 7 J Pressure Front 36 psi (250 kPa, 2.5 kgf/cm2) Rear 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2) Wheel nut tightening torque 89 lbf·ft (120 N·m, 12 kgf·m)*1 *1: This torque is equivalent to applying approximately 88 to 110 lbf (40 to 50 kgf) at the end of the wheel nut wrench. If you have tightened the wheel nuts by yourself, have the tightening torque checked at the nearest automotive service facility as soon as possible. 464 Specifications & Brake pedal S12AA27 in (mm) Pedal clearance 3.23 (82)*1 Pedal free play 0.02 – 0.07 (0.6 – 1.9)*2 *1: Minimum value when pedal is operated with a force of 67.4 lbf (300 N, 30 kgf) *2: This is the value when depressing the pedal by the force of 1.8 lbf (8 N, 0.8 kgf). & Brake disc S12AA18 If you need information on the usage limit value of brake discs and the method for measuring them, we recommend that you consult your SUBARU dealer. & Brake pad S12AA28 in (mm) Brake pad wear limit 0.059 (1.5) Specifications 465 Specifications 12-2. Fuses and circuits S12AB & Fuse panel located in the passenger compartment S12AB01 Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 1 Empty 2 20 A CIGAR SEAT/H 3 7.5 A IG A-1 4 15 A AUDIO NAVI 5 15 A IG B-2 6 15 A BATT FAN 7 15 A 12 V SOCKET 8 15 A A/C IG 9 7.5 A ACC 10 7.5 A IG B-1 11 10 A IGCT No.4 12 Empty 13 7.5 A IG A-3 14 7.5 A UNIT +B 15 7.5 A METER IG 16 10 A PM IGCT 17 7.5 A MIRROR 18 7.5 A LAMP IG 19 10 A IG A-2 20 10 A SRS AIR BAG 466 Fuses and circuits Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 21 10 A IGCT No.2 22 15 A STRG/H 23 10 A DRL 24 10 A PCU 25 10 A UNIT +B2 26 10 A BACK UP 27 15 A PLUG LOCK 28 20 A TRAIL R.FOG 29 10 A INV W/P 30 7.5 A UNIT +B (IG-B) 31 Empty 32 7.5 A ILLUMI 33 7.5 A KEY SW A 34 10 A IGCT No.3 35 10 A UNIT +B3 36 7.5 A KEY SW B 37 7.5 A STOP 38 7.5 A EYE SIGHT – CONTINUED – Fuses and circuits 467 Specifications & Fuse panel located in the engine compartment S12AB02 Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 1 7.5 A HORN 2 2 7.5 A HORN 1 3 15 A H/L LO RH 4 15 A H/L LO LH 5 30 A IGCT SCENE 6 10 A H/L HI RH 7 10 A H/L HI LH 8 10 A TAIL 9 10 A ODS 10 7.5 A OBD 11 7.5 A PU B/UP 12 15 A IG-B 13 15 A HAZARD 14 20 A FUEL 15 Empty 16 10 A MB-B 17 15 A D/L 18 10 A DCM 19 Empty 20 Empty 21 15 A IG COIL 468 Fuses and circuits Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 22 10 A AVCS 23 10 A E/G2 24 Empty 25 Empty 26 20 A O2 HTR 27 15 A E/G1 28 Empty 29 30 A BACKUP 30 25 A R. DEF 31 20 A AUDIO 32 30 A VDC SOL 33 25 A MAIN FAN 34 25 A SUB FAN 35 10 A DEICER 36 15 A F. FOG 37 15 A BLOWER 38 15 A BLOWER 39 Empty 40 30 A F. WIPER 41 15 A F. WASH 42 15 A R. WIPER 43 10 A AHB-R (BI1) 44 10 A AHB-R (BI2) Fuses and circuits 469 Specifications 12-3. Bulb chart S12AC & Safety precautions S12AC03 WARNING Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down. Otherwise, there is a risk of sustaining a burn injury. CAUTION Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire. 470 Bulb chart & Bulb chart S12AC04 NOTE Lights A, B, C, D, E, F and G are the LED (Light Emitting Diode) type. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. – CONTINUED – Bulb chart 471 Specifications Wattage Bulb No. 1) Front turn signal light 12 V-28 W 7444NA 2) Vanity mirror light 12 V-2 W 3) Map light 12 V-8 W 4) Dome light 12 V-8 W 5) Cargo area light 12 V-5 W W5W 6) Backup light 12 V-21 W W21W 7) Rear side marker light 12 V-5 W W5W 8) Tail light 12 V-5 W W5W 9) Rear turn signal light 12 V-21 W WY21W 10) License plate light 12 V-5 W W5W A) Low and high beam headlight B) Side turn signal light C) Front side marker light D) Front position light/Daytime running light/Parking light E) Front fog light F) High-mounted stop light G) Stop light 472 Bulb chart 12-4. Vehicle identification S12AD 1) Vehicle identification number (under the floor carpet of the right-hand front seat) 2) Emission control label 3) Tire inflation pressure label (tire placard) 4) Certification label 5) Vehicle identification number plate 6) Model number label 7) Fuel label 8) Air conditioner label Vehicle identification 473 Specifications S13 13-1. For U.S.A. 476 13-2. Tire information 476 Tire labeling . 476 Recommended tire inflation pressure 478 Glossary of tire terminology . 479 Tire care – maintenance and safety practices 484 Determining compatibility of tire and vehicle load capacities . 484 Adverse safety consequences of overloading on handling and stopping and on tires 484 Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit. 485 13-3. Vehicle load limit – how to determine .485 Calculating total and load capacities varying seating configurations 486 13-4. Uniform tire quality grading standards .488 TREADWEAR . 489 TRACTION AA, A, B, C . 489 TEMPERATURE A, B, C 489 13-5. Reporting safety defects (U.S.A.).490 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-1. For U.S.A. S13AA The following information has been compiled according to Code of Federal Regulations “Title 49, Part 575”. 13-2. Tire information S13AB & Tire labeling S13AB01 Many markings (e.g. Tire size, Tire Identification Number or TIN) are placed on the sidewall of a tire by tire manufacturers. These markings can provide you with useful information on the tire. ! Tire size S13AB0101 Your vehicle comes equipped with P-Metric tire size. It is important to understand the sizing system in selecting the proper tire for your vehicles. Here is a brief review of the tire sizing system with a breakdown of its individual elements. ! P Metric S13AB010101 With the P-Metric system, Section Width is measured in millimeters. To convert millimeters into inches, divide by 25.4. The Aspect Ratio (Section Height divided by Section Width) helps provide more dimensional information about the tire size. Example: (1) P = Certain tire type used on light duty vehicles such as passenger cars (2) Section Width in millimeters (3) Aspect Ratio (= section height 7 section width). (4) R = Radial Construction (5) Rim diameter in inches ! Load and Speed Rating Descriptions S13AB010102 The load and speed rating descriptions will appear following the size designation. They provide two important facts about the tire. First, the number designation is its load index. Second, the letter designation indicates the tire’s speed rating. 476 For U.S.A. Example: (6) Load Index: A numerical code which specifies the maximum load a tire can carry at the speed indicated by its speed symbol, at maximum inflation pressure. For example, “90” means 1,323 lbs (600 kg), “89” means 1,278 lbs (580 kg). WARNING Load indices apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load. (7) Speed Rating: An alphabetical system describing a tire’s capability to travel at established and predetermined speeds. For example, “V” means 149 mph (240 km/h) WARNING . Speed ratings apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a speed rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be operated at the tire’s rated speed. . The speed rating is void if the tires are worn out, damaged, repaired, retreaded, or otherwise altered from their original condition. If tires are repaired, retreaded, or otherwise altered, they may not be suitable for original equipment tire designed loads and speeds. ! Tire Identification Number (TIN) S13AB0102 Tire Identification Number (TIN) is marked on the intended outboard sidewall. The TIN is composed of four groups. Here is a brief review of the TIN with a breakdown of its individual elements. (1) Manufacturer’s Identification Mark (2) Tire Size (3) Tire Type Code (4) Date of Manufacture The first two figures identify the week, starting with “01” to represent the first full week of the calendar year; the second two figures represent the year. For example, 0101 means the 1st week of 2001. ! Other markings S13AB0103 The following makings are also placed on the sidewall. ! Maximum permissible inflation pressure S13AB010301 The maximum cold inflation pressure to which this tire may be inflated. For example, “300 kPa (44 PSI) MAX. PRESS” – CONTINUED – Tire information 477 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects ! Maximum load rating S13AB010302 The load rating at the maximum permissible weight load for this tire. For example, “MAX. LOAD 580 kg (1279 LBS) @ 300 kPa (44 PSI) MAX. PRESS.” WARNING Maximum load rating applies only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load. ! Construction type S13AB010303 Applicable construction of this tire. For example, “TUBELESS STEEL BELTED RADIAL” ! Construction S13AB010304 The generic name of each cord material used in the plies (both sidewall and tread area) of this tire. For example, “PLIES: TREAD 2 STEEL + 2 POLYESTER SIDEWALL 2 POLYESTER” ! Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) S13AB010305 For details, refer to “Uniform tire quality grading standards” FP488. & Recommended tire inflation pressure S13AB02 ! Recommended cold tire inflation pressure S13AB0201 For recommended cold tire inflation pressure for your vehicle’s tires, refer to “Tires” FP464. ! Vehicle placard S13AB0202 The vehicle placard is attached to the driver’s side door pillar. Example: The vehicle placard shows original tire size, recommended cold tire inflation pressure on each tire at maximum loaded vehicle weight, seating capacity and loading information. ! Adverse safety consequences of under-inflation S13AB0203 Driving at high speeds with excessively low tire pressures can cause the tires to flex severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp in- 478 Tire information crease in temperature could cause tread separation, and failure of the tire(s). Possible resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. ! Measuring and adjusting air pressure to achieve proper inflation S13AB0204 Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire at least once a month and before any long journey. Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the specific values. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehicle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure. & Glossary of tire terminology S13AB03 . Accessory weight The combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory-installed equipment (whether installed or not). . Bead The part of the tire that is made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to fit the rim. . Bead separation A breakdown of the bond between components in the bead. . Bias ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. . Carcass The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, when inflated, bears the load. . Chunking The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall. . Cold tire pressure The pressure in a tire that has been driven less than 1 mile or has been standing for three hours or more. . Cord The strands forming the plies in the tire. . Cord separation The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds. . Cracking Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner liner of the tire extending to cord material. . Curb weight The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine. – CONTINUED – Tire information 479 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects . Extra load tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and higher inflation pressure than the corresponding standard tire. . Groove The space between two adjacent tread ribs. . Innerliner The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire. . Innerliner separation The parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass. . Intended outboard sidewall (1) The sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or (2) The outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that must always face outward when mounting on a vehicle. . Light truck (LT) tire A tire designated by its manufacturer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles. . Load rating The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure. . Maximum inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. . Maximum load rating The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. . Maximum loaded vehicle weight The sum of: (a) Curb weight (b) Accessory weight (c) Vehicle capacity weight (d) Production options weight . Maximum permissible inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. . Measuring rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements. . Normal occupant weight 150 lbs (68 kg) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Occupant distribution Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Open splice Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or innerliner that extends to cord material. . Outer diameter The overall diameter of an inflated new tire. . Overall width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including elevations due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs. 480 Tire information . Passenger car tire A tire intended for use on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 lbs (4,535 kg) or less. . Ply A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords. . Ply separation A parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies. . Pneumatic tire A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that, when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the load. . Production options weight The combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 5.1 lbs (2.3 kg) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim. . Radial ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. . Recommended inflation pressure The cold inflation pressure recommended by a vehicle manufacturer. . Reinforced tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corresponding standard tire. . Rim A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated. . Rim diameter Nominal diameter of the bead seat. . Rim size designation Rim diameter and width. . Rim type designation The industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code. . Rim width Nominal distance between rim flanges. . Section width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding elevations due to labeling, decoration, or protective bands. . Sidewall That portion of a tire between the tread and bead. . Sidewall separation The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall. . Snow tire A tire that attains a traction index equal to or greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E-1136 Standard Reference Test Tire, when using the snow traction test as described in ASTM F-1805-00, Standard Test Method for Single – CONTINUED – Tire information 481 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects Wheel Driving Traction in a Straight Line on Snow-and Ice-Covered Surfaces, and which is marked with an Alpine Symbol “ ” on at least one sidewall. . Test rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and it may be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that tire. . Tread That portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. . Tread rib A tread section running circumferentially around a tire. . Tread separation Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass. . Treadwear indicators (TWI) The projections within the principal grooves designed to give a visual indication of the degrees of wear of the tread. . Vehicle capacity weight The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lbs (68 kg) times the vehicle’s designated seating capacity. . Vehicle maximum load on the tire Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two. . Vehicle normal load on the tire Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section) and dividing by 2. . Wheel-holding fixture The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire assembly securely during testing. 482 Tire information Table 1 Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities Designated seating capacity, number of occupants Vehicle normal load, number of occupants Occupant distribution in a normally loaded vehicle 2 through 4 2 2 in front. 5 through 10 3 2 in front, 1 in second seat. 11 through 15 5 2 in front, 1 in second seat, 1 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat. 16 through 22 7 2 in front, 2 in second seat, 2 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat. – CONTINUED – Tire information 483 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects & Tire care – maintenance and safety practices S13AB04 . Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. . Inspect the tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible. When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at even low speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. Possible resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident. . To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniformly, it is best to rotate the tires every 6,000 miles (10,000 km). For information about the tire rotation order, refer to “Tire rotation” FP437. Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tires at the time of rotation. After tire rotation, adjust the tire pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened. For information about the tightening torque and tightening sequence for the wheel nuts, refer to “Flat tires” FP382. & Determining compatibility of tire and vehicle load capacities S13AB06 The sum of four tires’ maximum load ratings must exceed the maximum loaded vehicle weight (“GVWR”). In addition, sum of the maximum load ratings of two front tires and of two rear tires must exceed each axle’s maximum loaded capacity (“GAWR”). Original equipment tires are designed to fulfill those conditions. The maximum loaded vehicle weight is referred to Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). And each axle’s maximum loaded capacity is referred to Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). The GVWR and each axle’s GAWR are shown on the vehicle certification label located at the bottom of driver’s side door pillar. The GVWR and front and rear GAWRs are determined by not only the maximum load rating of tires but also loaded capacities of the vehicle’s suspension, axles and other parts of the body. Therefore, this means that the vehicle cannot necessarily be loaded up to the tire’s maximum load rating on the tire sidewall. & Adverse safety consequences of overloading on handling and stopping and on tires S13AB07 Overloading could affect vehicle handling, stopping distance, and vehicle and tire performance in the following ways. This could lead to an accident and possibly result in severe personal injury. . Vehicle stability will deteriorate. . Heavy and/or high-mounted 484 Tire information loads could increase the risk of rollover. . Stopping distance will increase. . Brakes could overheat and fail. . Suspension, bearings, axles and other body parts could break or experience accelerated wear that will shorten vehicle life. . Tires could fail. . Tread separation could occur. . Tire could separate from its rim. & Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit S13AB08 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 − 750 (5 6 150) = 650 lbs.) 5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. 13-3. Vehicle load limit – how to determine S13BU The load capacity of your vehicle is determined by weight, not by available cargo space. The load limit of your vehicle is shown on the vehicle placard attached to the driver’s side door pillar. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle’s placard. The vehicle placard also shows seating capacity of your vehicle. The total load capacity includes the total weight of driver and all passengers and their belongings, any cargo, any optional equipment such as a trailer hitch, roof rack or bike carrier, etc., and the tongue load of a trailer. Therefore cargo capacity can be calculated by the following method. Cargo capacity = Load limit − (total weight of occupants + total weight – CONTINUED – Vehicle load limit – how to determine 485 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects of optional equipment + tongue load of a trailer (if applicable)) For information about vehicle loading, refer to “Loading your vehicle” FP363. & Calculating total and load capacities varying seating configurations S13BU01 Calculate the available load capacity as shown in the following examples: Example 1A Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 900 lbs (408 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard with the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 900 lbs or 408 kg”. For example, if the vehicle has one occupant weighing 154 lbs (70 kg) plus cargo weighing 662 lbs (300 kg). 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity by subtracting the total weight from the vehicle capacity weight of 900 lbs (408 kg). 3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 84 lbs (38 kg) of cargo can be carried. Example 1B For example, if a person weighing 176 lbs (80 kg) now enters the same vehicle (bringing the number of occupants to two), the calculations are as follows. 1. Calculate the total weight. 486 Vehicle load limit – how to determine 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The total weight now exceeds the capacity weight by 92 lbs (42 kg), so the cargo weight must be reduced by 92 lbs (42 kg) or more. Example 2A Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 900 lbs (408 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard with the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 408 kg or 900 lbs”. For example, the vehicle has one occupant weighing 165 lbs (75 kg) plus cargo weighing 375 lbs (170 kg). In addition, the vehicle is fitted with a trailer hitch weighing 22 lbs (10 kg), to which is attached a trailer weighing 1,764 lbs (800 kg). 10% of the trailer weight is applied to the trailer tongue (i.e. Tongue load = 176 lbs (80 kg)). 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 162 lbs (73 kg) of cargo can be carried. – CONTINUED – Vehicle load limit – how to determine 487 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects Example 2B For example, if a person weighing 143 lbs (65 kg) and a child weighing 40 lbs (18 kg) now enter the same vehicle (bringing the number of occupants to three), and a child restraint system weighing 11 lbs (5 kg) is installed in the vehicle for the child to use, the calculations are as follows. 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The total weight now exceeds the capacity weight by 32 lbs (15 kg), so the cargo weight must be reduced by 32 lbs (15 kg) or more. 13-4. Uniform tire quality grading standards S13AC This information indicates the relative performance of passenger car tires in the area of treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. This is to aid the consumer in making an informed choice in the purchase of tires. Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: TREADWEAR 200 TRACTION AA TEMPERATURE A The quality grades apply to new pneumatic tires for use on passenger cars. However, they do not apply to deep tread, winter type snow tires, space-saver or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 12 inches or less, or to some limited production tires. 488 Uniform tire quality grading standards All passenger car tires must conform to Federal Safety Requirements in addition to these grades. & TREADWEAR S13AC02 The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and one-half (1- 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate. & TRACTION AA, A, B, C S13AC03 The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C. Those grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. WARNING The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straightahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics. & TEMPERATURE A, B, C S13AC04 The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. WARNING The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure. Uniform tire quality grading standards 489 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13-5. Reporting safety defects (U.S.A.) S13AH If you believe that your vehicle has a defect which could cause a crash or could cause injury or death, you should immediately inform the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in addition to notifying Subaru of America, Inc. If NHTSA receives similar complaints, it may open an investigation, and if it finds that a safety defect exists in a group of vehicles, it may order a recall and remedy campaign. However, NHTSA cannot become involved in individual problems between you, your dealer, or Subaru of America, Inc. To contact NHTSA, you may call the Vehicle Safety Hotline toll-free at 1- 888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424- 9153); go to http://www.safercar.gov; or write to: Administrator, NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE, West Building, Washington, DC 20590. You can also obtain other information about motor vehicle safety from http:// www.safercar.gov. 490 Reporting safety defects (U.S.A.) S14 Index 14 A Abbreviation P3 ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) . P317 Warning light P197, P317 Access key fob P148 Warning light . P204 Accessories P451 Accessory power outlet P285 Air cleaner element P427 Air conditioner Automatic climate control P268 Manual climate control P269 Air filtration system P274 Air flow mode P269 Alarm system P170 All-Wheel Drive warning light. P201 Alloy wheel . P441 Cleaning . P410 Antenna P278 Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) . P317 Arming the system . P170 Ashtray. P288 Assist grip. P290 Audio Antenna P278 Set. P278 Auto dimmer cancel function . P190 Auto on/off headlights. P239 Sensor . P240 Auto-dimming mirror P251, P252 Auto-dimming mirror/compass P251, P252 Automatic headlight beam leveler Warning light . P209 Automatic Locking Retractor/Emergency Locking Retractor (ALR/ELR) P87 B Battery P448 12V P448 Drainage prevention function . P169 Jump starting. P391 Replacement (access key fob). P457 Replacement (keyless access with push-button start system) P160, P457 Booster seat P107 Brake Assist . P316 Booster . P315 Disc P465 Fluid . P430, P463 Parking . P327 Pedal P431 System . P315 Brake pad P465 Brake system. P315 Warning light . P198 Braking . P315 Tips P315 Breaking-in of new brake pads. P432 BSD/RCTA P332 Approach indicator light/warning buzzer P336 OFF indicator P210, P213, P338 494 Index OFF switch . P338 Warning indicator. P210, P213, P338 Warning volume. P336 Bulb Chart P470 Replacement . P451 C Cargo area Cover . P291 Light P281, P455 Tie-down hooks . P293 Catalytic converter . P355 Center console P283 Changing Coolant. P426 Oil and oil filter P423 Charge cable. P43 Charge warning light P195 Charging. P36 Charge cable. P52 Charge port door . P49 Charging equipment. P48 Charging from an external power source P58 Charging methods . P45 Confirm the items before charging . P45 Keyless access function and charge cable connector locking system P49 Power sources that can be used . P45 Troubleshooting . P68 Using the Remote Battery Charging Timer P63 CHECK ENGINE warning light/Malfunction indicator light P193 Checking Coolant level (engine). P425 Coolant level (Inverter with converter assembly) P426 Engine oil level P422 Fluid level . P430 Fluid level (brake fluid) P430 Fluid level (washer fluid) . P442 Child restraint systems P98 Installation of a booster seat P107 Installation with ALR/ELR seatbelt P103 Lower and top tether anchorages. P108 Top tether anchorages P111 Child safety P4 Locks P172 Chime Light . P239 Seatbelt P87, P191 Cigarette lighter P286 Cleaning Alloy wheels P410 Interior P411 Ventilation grille P273 Climate control system P266 Automatic P268 Manual . P269 Clock . P221, P227, P237 Coat hook P290 Combination meter display (color LCD) . P211 Compass. P251, P252 Index 495 Console P283 Continuously variable transmission (CVT). P308 Fluid P429, P463 Coolant P425, P464 Temperature high warning light P194 Coolant temperature high warning light P194 Cooling system P424 Corrosion protection. P410 D Daytime running light system P244 Defogger P260 Defrosting . P272 Deicer P260 Differential gear oil Front . P430, P463 Rear P430, P463 Dimensions . P460 Disarming the alarm system P171 Disc brake pad wear warning indicators . P316 Dome light . P280, P455 Door Locks . P166 Open warning light. P201 Unlock selection function P217 Double trip meter . P187 Drive belts P429 Driver Assist indicator P189, P217 Driving All-Wheel Drive model P356 All-Wheel Drive warning light. P201 AWD models . P356 Drinking . P5 Drugs P6 Foreign countries . P356 Off road P358 Pets. P7 Snowy and icy roads P361 Tips . P312, P354, P356 Tired or sleepy P6 Winter. P360 E EBD system Warning P199 Electrical system P464 Electronic Brake Force Distribution (EBD) system . P199, P318 Warning P199 Electronic parking brake P327 Automatic release function by accelerator pedal P329 Hill Holder . P329 Indicator light . P199 Warning P330 Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR). P87 Engine Compartment overview . P421 Coolant . P425, P464 Exhaust gas (carbon monoxide). P5, P354 Hood P419 Hood open warning light . P194 Low oil level warning indicator . P196 496 Index Low oil level warning light . P196 Oil. P422, P461 Overheating P394 Starting & stopping P303 EV (Electric Vehicle) mode lamp P194 EV driving range P42 Event data recorder . P8 Exterior care . P408 F Flat tire repair kit . P385 Technical data . P390 Flat tires . P382 Floor mat P289 Fluid level Brake . P430 Continuously variable transmission (CVT). P429 Fog light . P246 Bulb P452, P470 Indicator light. P209 Switch P246 Front Differential gear oil P430, P463 Fog light . P246, P452, P470 Fog light indicator light . P209 Seatbelt pretensioners P93 Turn signal light . P451 Front fog light. P246, P452 Bulb P452, P470 Indicator light. P209 Switch P246 Fuel P297, P461 Consumption indicator P214, P226 Economy hints . P354 Filler door and cap . P298 Gauge P188 Requirements P297, P461 Fuses P449 Fuses and circuits P466 G GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating). P365 Glove box P283 GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) P365 H Hazard warning flasher . P186, P380 Headlight. P239, P451 Beam leveler . P246 Bulb replacement . P451 Bulb replacing P451 Bulb wattage . P470 Control switch P239 Flasher . P241 Indicator light . P209 Welcome lighting function P240 High beam assist P241 High beam assist function . P241 Indicator light . P209 High beam indicator light. P209 High/low beam change (dimmer) P241 Index 497 Hill descent control P324 Indicator . P210 Indicator light. P210 Hill Holder. P329 Indicator light. P201 Switch P330 HomeLink® P252 Hook Cargo tie-down P293 Coat. P290 Convenient tie-down P293 Shopping bag P291 Towing and tie-down P396 Horn. P263 Hose and connections P425 Hybrid Battery Charge Status P188 Hybrid Mode switch P35 Hybrid system Fail lamp P194 Hybrid system features. P30 Hybrid system operation mode P32 Hybrid system precautions P37 Hybrid vehicle driving tips . P41 I Illumination brightness control . P189 Immobilizer . P161 Indicator light (security indicator light) P162, P208 Indicator light BSD/RCTA OFF . P210, P213, P337, P338 BSD/RCTA warning P210, P213, P338 Charge cable connection indicator P194 Coolant temperature low . P194 Electronic parking brake P199 Engine hood open warning P194 EV (Electric Vehicle) mode lamp P194 Front fog light P209 Headlight. P209 High beam P209 High beam assist . P209 Hill descent control. P210 Hill Holder . P201 Hybrid Battery Charge Mode . P194 Hybrid Battery Save Mode P194 Hybrid Fail Lamp P194 Hybrid READY. P194 Hybrid system overheat warning P194 Immobilizer P162, P208 LED headlight warning P209 Security P162, P208 Security (Immobilizer indicator light) . P162 Select lever position . P209 SI-DRIVE P208 Timer charging setting P194 Traction control system OFF P203 Turn signal P209 Vehicle Dynamics Control OFF P203 Vehicle Dynamics Control operation . P202, P203 X-MODE . P210 Inside mirror P251, P252 Interior lights P280 498 Index J Jack-up point. P382 Jump starting P391 K Key Number P149 Number plate P149 Replacement . P162 Keyless access with push-button start system. P148 Disabling keyless access functions P158 Keyless access function and charge cable connector locking system P49 Locking and unlocking doors . P153 Warning chimes and warning indicator . P203 When access key does not operate properly . P160, P185, P307, P400 When access key fob does not operate properly . P400 Keyless entry system . P162 L Lap belt pretensioner . P95 LCA . P333 Leather seat materials. P411 LED headlights P451 License plate light P454 Light Backup . P453 Brake/Tail. P452, P470 Cargo area P281, P455 Control switch . P239 Daytime running. P244, P452 Dome . P280, P455 Front fog . P246, P452 Front position P239, P246, P451 Front side marker. P239, P470 Front turn P451 License plate . P454 Map P280, P454 Parking . P451 Rear combination . P452 Rear side marker light P452 Rear turn signal . P452 Stop light. P452 Tail light P452 Turn signal . P247, P451, P452 Vanity mirror P282, P455 Loading your vehicle. P363 Low fuel warning light . P200 Low tire pressure warning light. P196 Lower and top tether anchorage. P108 M Maintenance Precautions . P417 Schedule. P417 Seatbelt . P93 Tools P380 Malfunction indicator light (check engine warning light) P193 Manual Climate control. P269 Index 499 Map light . P280, P454 Maximum load limits. P370 Meters and gauges P186 Mirror defogger P260 Mirrors P251 Moonroof . P177, P405 Multi-function display (color LCD) P218 N New vehicle break-in driving . P354 O Odometer . P187 Off road driving P358 Oil filter. P423 Oil level Engine P422 Front differential gear . P430 Rear differential gear P430 Warning light . P196 Oil pressure warning light . P195 One-touch lane changer . P247 Outside Mirror defogger P260 Mirrors. P259, P260 Temperature indicator. P221 Overheating engine P394 Overheating hybrid system P394 P Parking. P327 Brake P327 Light . P451 Tips P331 Parking your vehicle . P327 Periodic inspections P356 Petrol fuel P297 PIN code Access P155 Power Meter P186 Outlets P285 Outside mirrors P259, P260 Steering P314 Steering warning light . P201 USB power supply . P287 Windows . P173 Precautions against vehicle modification . P97, P143 Preparing to drive. P303 Push-button Ignition switch P184 Pedestrian alert system . P36 Power meter P186 Starting and stopping the hybrid system . P303 R RAB (Reverse Automatic Braking) OFF indicator. P210 ON/OFF setting P349 Warning indicator . P210 RCTA P333 Rear Combination lights P452 500 Index Differential gear oil P430, P463 Gate P176, P404 Turn signal light . P452 Rear turn signal. P452 Rear window Defogger P260 Wiper and washer switch P250 Wiper blades . P446 Recommended Brake fluid . P431, P463 Continuously variable transmission fluid . P463 Engine oil P424, P461 Front differential gear oil . P463 Rear differential gear oil . P463 Spark plugs P429, P464 Refueling P299 Remote climate control system P164 Remote keyless entry system P162 Replacement Access key fob battery . P457 Air cleaner element P428 Brake pad . P431 Wiper blades . P443 Replacing Access key fob battery . P457 Air cleaner element P428 Battery (keyless access with push-button start system) . P160, P457 Battery (remote keyless entry system) P166 Battery of access key fob . P457 Replacing bulbs P451, P470 Backup light P453 Brake/tail light P452 Cargo area light . P455 Daytime running light P452 Dome light. P455 Front fog light P452 Front position light P451 Front turn signal light P451 Headlight. P451 LED headlight P451 License plate light P454 Map light . P454 Parking light P451 Rear combination light P452 Rear side marker light P452 Rear turn signal light P452 Stop light. P452 Tail light P452 Vanity mirror light . P455 Reverse Automatic Braking System P341 Rocking the vehicle P363 Roof rails. P365 Roof tent . P366 S Safety Precautions when driving . P4 Symbol P2 Warnings P2 Sealing flat tire . P382 Flat tire repair kit P385 Index 501 How to seal. P386 Safety precautions . P383 Seat Fabric P411 Heater P84 Seatbelt P4, P85 Fastening P87 Maintenance . P93 Pretensioners P93 Safety tips. P85 Warning light and chime P87, P191 Seatbelts P85 Security Alarm system P170 Immobilizer . P161 Indicator light P162, P208 Security indicator light P208 Select lever Position indicator . P209 Shift lock function . P311 Shopping bag hook P291 Shoulder pretensioners. P94 SI-DRIVE P312 Indicator light. P208 Skid suppression function . P319 Snow tires P362, P432 Snowy and icy roads P361 Sounding a panic alarm P164 Spark plugs P429, P464 Specifications P460 Speedometer. P186 SRS Curtain airbag P133 Frontal airbag P122 Side airbag P133 SRS airbag (Supplemental Restraint System airbag) . P4, P113 SRS airbag system Monitors P141 Servicing . P142 Warning light . P192 Starting & stopping the hybrid system . P303 State emission testing (U.S. only). P301 Steering lock P307 Steering Responsive Headlight P245 Steering wheel Heater P262 Lock . P307 Power . P314 Tilt/telescopic. P261 Stop light. P452, P471 Storage compartment P283 Sun visors . P281 Sunshade P179 Supplemental Restraint System airbag (SRS) P4, P113 Synthetic leather upholstery. P412 T Temperature warning light Coolant . P194 Tether (child restraint system) . P108, P111 Tie-down hooks P396 502 Index Tie-down hooks/holes. P396 Tire . P432, P464 Chains P363 Inspection . P434 Pressures and wear . P434 Replacement . P437 Rotation P437 Size and pressure P464 Types . P432 Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS). P196, P325, P390, P432 Warning light . P196 Tires and wheels . P432 Tools P380 Top tether anchorages P108, P111 Towing P396 Flat-bed truck P399 Hooks. P396 Tie-down hooks . P396 Weight P370 Traction control function . P319 Traction Control system OFF indicator light . P203 Trailer Connecting . P369 Hitch . P368, P374 Towing P370 Towing tips P375 Trailer towing P370 Trip meter . P187 Turn signal Indicator lights . P209 Lever P247 U USB power supply P287 V Valet mode P172 Vanity mirror P282, P455 Light . P455 Vehicle Capacity weight . P364 Identification P473 Symbols. P3 Vehicle Dynamics Control OFF indicator light P203 OFF switch P321 Operation indicator light . P202, P203, P320 System . P319 Warning light . P202, P203 Ventilator . P266 W Warning and indicator lights. P190 Warning chimes Keyless access with push-button start system . P203 Seatbelt P87, P191 Warning light ABS P197, P317 Index 503 Access key fob P203 All-Wheel Drive P201 Automatic headlight beam leveler P209 Brake system P198 BSD/RCTA P210 Charge . P195 CHECK ENGINE . P193 Coolant temperature high . P194 Door open. P201 Engine hood open warning . P194 Engine low oil level P196 Hybrid Fail Lamp . P194 Hybrid system overheat warning P194 Icy road surface. P210 Keyless access with push-button start system. P203 LED headlight . P209 Low fuel P200 Low tire pressure . P196 Oil pressure P195 Power steering P201 RAB P210, P350 Seatbelt . P87, P191 SRS airbag system P192 Steering Responsive Headlight P209 Vehicle Dynamics Control P202, P203 Windshield washer fluid P196 Warranties P1 Warranties and maintenance. P370 Washing . P408 Waxing and polishing . P409 Wear indicators . P436 Welcome lighting function P240 Wheel Alloy . P441 Balance P436 Nut tightening torque P464 Replacement . P438 Windows . P173 Windshield Washer fluid P442 Wiper and washer switches. P249 Wiper blades . P444 Wiper deicer P260 Winter Driving P360 Tires . P362, P432 Wiper and washer P247 Wiper deicer P260 X X-MODE P322 Indicator P210 504 Index GAS STATION REFERENCE S99AA & Fuel S99AA01 Use only unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher. & Fuel octane rating S99AA02 ! RON S99AA0201 This octane rating is the Research Octane Number. ! AKI S99AA0202 This octane rating is the average of the Research Octane and Motor Octane numbers and is commonly referred to as the Anti Knock Index (AKI). & Fuel tank capacity S99AA03 13.2 US gal (50 liters, 11 Imp gal) & Engine oil S99AA04 Use only the following oils. . API classification SN with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or SN PLUS with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” . or ILSAC GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark) For the complete viscosity requirements, refer to “Engine oil” FP461. & Engine oil capacity S99AA05 4.4 US qt (4.2 liters, 3.7 Imp qt) The indicated oil quantity is only a guideline and is estimated based on a case when the engine oil is changed with an oil filter. After refilling the engine with oil, the oil level should be checked using the oil level gauge. For more details about maintenance and service, refer to “Engine oil” FP422. & Cold tire pressure S99AA06 Refer to “Tires” FP464.
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