2024 Subaru Legacy Owner’s Manual

SEOCONTENT-START

s11 11-1. Maintenance Schedule . 519 11-2. Maintenance Precautions . 519 Before Checking or Servicing in the Engine Compartment 520 When Checking or Servicing in the Engine Compartment 521 When Checking or Servicing in the Engine Compartment While the Engine Is Running . 521 11-3. Maintenance Tips 521 Removing and Reinstalling Clips 521 11-4. Engine Hood 523 11-5. Engine Compartment Overview . 525 2.5 L Models. 525 2.4 L Models. 526 11-6. Engine Oil 527 Engine Oil Consumption . 527 Checking the Oil Level 527 Changing the Oil and Oil Filter 529 Recommended Grade and Viscosity 529 Synthetic Oil. 529 11-7. Cooling System. 530 Cooling Fan, Hose and Connections . 530 Engine Coolant. 530 11-8. Air Cleaner Element 532 Replacing the Air Cleaner Element 532 11-9. Spark Plugs . 534 Recommended Spark Plugs 534 11-10. Drive Belts . 535 11-11. Continuously Variable Transmission Fluid . 535 11-12. Front Differential Gear Oil and Rear Differential Gear Oil 535 Recommended Grade and Viscosity . 535 11-13. Brake Fluid.536 Checking the Fluid Level 536 Recommended Brake Fluid. 536 11-14. Brake Pedal537 11-15. Replacement of Brake Pad .537 11-16. Tires and Wheels .538 Types of Tires 538 Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) (U.S.-Spec. Models) 538 Tire Inspection . 540 Tire Pressures and Wear 540 Wheel Balance . 542 Wear Indicators 543 Rotational Direction of Tires. 543 Tire Rotation 544 Tire Replacement . 545 Wheel Replacement 546 11-17. Alloy Wheels 546 11-18. Windshield Washer Fluid 546 11-19. Replacement of Wiper Blades 547 Windshield Wiper Blade Assembly . 548 Window Wiper Blade Rubber 549 Rear Window Wiper Blade Assembly (Outback/ Subaru Outback Wilderness) 550 Rear Window Wiper Blade Rubber (Outback/ Subaru Outback Wilderness) 550 11-20. Battery 552 Maintenance and Service 11 Maintenance and Service 11-21. Fuses . 553 11-22. Installation of Accessories. 554 11-23. Replacing Bulbs 554 Headlights 555 Front Turn Signal Light/Front Position Light 555 Rear Combination Lights 556 Backup Light 558 Door Step Light 560 Trunk Light (Legacy) 560 Other Bulbs . 560 Adjusting Headlight Aim (Legacy/Outback) . 560 11-24. Replacing Battery 561 Replacing Battery of Access Key Fob. 562 Replacing Battery of Transmitter 563 Maintenance and Service 11-1. Maintenance Schedule s11aa U.S. models The scheduled maintenance items required to be serviced at regular intervals are shown in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. For details, read the separate “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Canada models The scheduled maintenance items required to be serviced at regular intervals are shown in the “Warranty and Service Booklet”. For details, read the separate “Warranty and Service Booklet”. Except for U.S. and Canada models Some items of your vehicle are required to be serviced at scheduled intervals. For details about your maintenance schedule, read the separate “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. 11-2. Maintenance Precautions s11ab When maintenance and service are required, it is recommended that all work be done by an authorized SUBARU dealer. If you perform maintenance and service by yourself, you should familiarize yourself with the information provided in this section on general maintenance and service for your SUBARU. Incorrect or incomplete service could cause improper or unsafe vehicle operation. Any problems caused by improper maintenance and service performed by you are not eligible for warranty coverage. WARNING . Testing of an All-Wheel Drive vehicle must NEVER be performed on a single two-wheel dynamometer or similar apparatus. Attempting to do so will result in transmission damage and in uncontrolled vehicle movement and may cause an accident or injuries to persons nearby. . Always select a safe area when performing maintenance on your vehicle. . Always be very careful to avoid injury when working on the vehicle. Remember that some of the materials in the vehicle may be hazardous if improperly used or handled, for example, battery acid. . Your vehicle should only be serviced by persons fully competent to do so. Serious personal injury may result to persons not experienced in servicing vehicles. . Always use the proper tools and make certain that they are well maintained. . Never get under the vehicle supported only by a jack. Always use safety stands to support the vehicle. . Never keep the engine running in a poorly ventilated area, such as a garage or other closed areas. . Do not smoke or allow open flames around the fuel or battery. This will cause a fire. . Because the fuel system is under pressure, replacement of the fuel filter should be performed only by your SUBARU dealer. – CONTINUED – Maintenance Schedule 519 11 Maintenance and Service . Wear adequate eye protection to guard against getting oil or fluids in your eyes. If something does get in your eyes, thoroughly wash them out with clean water. . Do not tamper with the wiring of the SRS airbag system or seatbelt pretensioner system, or attempt to take its connectors apart, as that may activate the system or it can render it inoperative. NEVER use a circuit tester for these wiring. If your SRS airbag or seatbelt pretensioner needs service, consult your nearest SUBARU dealer. . Check the inside of the engine compartment to see if there are any cloths and tools left. If they are left inside, they may be a cause of malfunction and fire. NOTE SUBARU does not endorse the use of non-SUBARU approved flushing systems and strongly advises against performing these services on a SUBARU vehicle. Non-SUBARU approved flushing systems use chemicals and/or solvents which have not been tested or approved by SUBARU. SUBARU warranties do not cover any part of the vehicle which is damaged by adding or applying chemicals and/or solvents other than those approved or recommended by SUBARU. & Before Checking or Servicing in the Engine Compartment s11ab01 WARNING . Always stop the engine and apply the parking brake to prevent the vehicle from moving. . Always let the engine cool down. Engine parts become very hot when the engine is running and remain hot for some time after the engine is stopped. . Do not spill engine oil, engine coolant, brake fluid or any other fluid on hot engine components. This may cause a fire. . When the ignition switch is in the “ON” position, the cooling fan may operate suddenly even when the engine is stopped. If your body or clothes come into contact with a rotating fan, that could result in serious injury. To avoid risk of injury, perform the following precautions. – Models with push-button start system: Always turn the push-button ignition switch to the “OFF” position and confirm that the operation indicator on the switch is turned off. Then take the access key fob out from the vehicle. – Models without push-button start system: Always remove the key from the ignition switch. . Before performing any servicing on a vehicle equipped with a remote engine start system temporarily place that system in the service mode to prevent it from unexpectedly starting the engine. 520 Maintenance Precautions & When Checking or Servicing in the Engine Compartment s11ab03 CAUTION . Do not contact the belt cover while checking the components in the engine compartment. Doing so may cause your hand to slip off the belt cover and result in an unexpected injury. . Do not touch the oil filter until the engine has cooled down completely. Doing so may result in a burn or other injury. Note that the oil filter becomes very hot when the engine is running and remains hot for some time after the engine has stopped. & When Checking or Servicing in the Engine Compartment While the Engine Is Running s11ab02 WARNING A running engine can be dangerous. Keep your fingers, hands, clothing, hair and tools away from the cooling fan, belts and any other moving engine parts. Removing rings, watches and ties is advisable. 11-3. Maintenance Tips s11bi Some clips and fender linings must be removed before replacing the air cleaner elements or specific bulbs. & Removing and Reinstalling Clips s11bi01 ! Removing clips s11bi0101 There are several types of clips used for your vehicle. ! Type A and D clips s11bi010107 Type A clips – CONTINUED – Maintenance Tips 521 11 Maintenance and Service Type D clips 1. Turn the clips counterclockwise using a flat-head screwdriver until the center portion of the clip is raised. 2. Remove the clips with a flat-head screwdriver using leverage. ! Type B clips s11bi010102 1. Pull out the center portion of the clip using a flat-head screwdriver as shown in the illustration. 2. Pull the protruded center portion to remove the entire body of the clip. ! Type C clips s11bi010103 1. Turn the clip counterclockwise using a Phillips screwdriver until the center portion of the clip is raised. 2. Remove the entire clip by pulling it up. 522 Maintenance Tips ! Reinstalling clips s11bi0102 Type A clips Type B clips Type C clips Type D clips Insert the clip without the center portion first and then push the center portion of the clip into the hole. 11-4. Engine Hood s11ac CAUTION . Be extremely careful not to catch fingers or other objects when closing the engine hood. . Do not push the hood forcibly to close it. It could deform the metal. . Be extremely careful opening the engine hood when the wind is strong. The engine hood could close suddenly, possibly causing injuries from slamming. . Do not install accessories other than genuine SUBARU parts to the engine hood. If the engine hood becomes too heavy, the stay may not be able to support holding it open. . Check that the end of the hood stay is inserted into the slot. If it is not inserted properly, the hood may drop and cause injury. – CONTINUED – Engine Hood 523 11 Maintenance and Service To open the hood: 1. If the wiper blades are lifted off the windshield, return them to their original positions. 2. Pull the hood release knob under the instrument panel. 3. Release the secondary hood release by moving the lever between the front grille and the hood toward the left. 1 Grip 4. Lift up the hood, release the hood prop from its retainer and put the end of the hood prop into the slot in the engine compartment. Hold the grip for handling the hood prop. To close the hood: 1. Lift the hood slightly and remove the hood prop from the slot in the engine compartment and return the prop to its retainer. 2. Lower the hood to a height of approximately 7.8 to 11.8 in (20 to 30 cm) above its closed position and then let it drop. 3. After closing the hood, be sure the hood is securely locked. If this does not close the hood, release it from a slightly higher position. WARNING Always check that the hood is properly locked before you start driving. If it is not, it might fly open while the vehicle is moving and block your view, which may cause an accident and serious bodily injury. 524 Engine Hood 11-5. Engine Compartment Overview s11ad & 2.5 L Models s11ad08 1 Brake fluid reservoir (page 536) 2 Main fuse box (page 553) 3 Battery (page 552) 4 Windshield washer tank (page 546) 5 Engine oil filler cap (page 527) 6 Engine coolant reservoir (page 530) 7 Radiator cap (page 530) 8 Engine oil filter (page 529) 9 Engine oil level gauge (page 527) 10 Air cleaner case (page 532) – CONTINUED – Engine Compartment Overview 525 11 Maintenance and Service & 2.4 L Models s11ad17 1 Brake fluid reservoir (page 536) 2 Main fuse box (page 553) 3 Battery (page 552) 4 Windshield washer tank (page 546) 5 Engine oil filler cap (page 527) 6 Engine coolant reservoir (page 530) 7 Radiator cap (page 530) 8 Engine oil filter (page 529) 9 Engine oil level gauge (page 527) 10 Air cleaner case (page 532) 526 Engine Compartment Overview 11-6. Engine Oil s11ae CAUTION . If the level gauge is not pulled out easily, twist the level gauge right and left, then pull it out. Otherwise, you may be injured accidentally straining yourself. . Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. . Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. & Engine Oil Consumption s11ae07 Some engine oil will be consumed while driving. The rate of consumption can be affected by such factors as transmission type, driving style, terrain and temperature. Under the following conditions, oil consumption can be increased and thus require refilling between maintenance intervals: . When the engine is new and within the break-in period . When the engine oil is of lower quality . When the incorrect oil viscosity is used . When engine braking is employed (repeatedly) . When the engine is operated at high engine speeds (for extended periods of time) . When the engine is operated under heavy loads (for extended periods of time) . When towing a trailer (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness) . When the engine idles for extended periods of time . When the vehicle is operated in stop and go and/or heavy traffic situations . When the vehicle is used under severe thermal conditions . When the vehicle accelerates and decelerates frequently Under these or similar conditions, you should check your oil at least every 2nd fuel fill-up and change your engine oil more frequently. Different drivers in the same car may experience different results. If your oil consumption rate is greater than expected, contact your authorized SUBARU retailer who may perform a test under controlled conditions. & Checking the Oil Level s11ae01 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the engine. If you check the oil level just after stopping the engine, wait for at least 5 minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan before checking the level. 2.5 L models 1 Oil level gauge 2 Oil filler cap 3 Oil filter – CONTINUED – Engine Oil 527 11 Maintenance and Service 2.4 L models 1 Oil level gauge 2 Oil filler cap 3 Oil filter CAUTION If the level gauge is not pulled out easily, twist the level gauge right and left, then pull it out. Otherwise, you may be injured accidentally straining yourself. 2. Pull out the level gauge, wipe it clean, and insert it again. 3. Be sure the level gauge is correctly inserted until it stops. 2.5 L models 1 Full level 2 Low level 3 Approximately 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) from low level to full level 2.4 L models 1 Full level 2 Low level 3 Approximately 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) from low level to full level 4. Pull out the oil level gauge again. 5. Check the oil level on both sides of the level gauge. The engine oil level must be judged by the lowest of the two levels. If the oil level is below the low level mark, add oil so that the full level is reached. CAUTION . Be careful not to touch the engine oil filter when removing the oil filler cap. Doing so may result in a burn, a pinched finger, or may 528 Engine Oil cause some other injury. . Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. . Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. To add engine oil, remove the engine oil filler cap and slowly pour engine oil through the filler neck. After pouring oil into the engine, you must use the level gauge to confirm that the oil level is correct. NOTE . To prevent overfilling the engine oil, do not add any additional oil above the full level when the engine is cold. . After adding or changing the engine oil, warm up the engine and stop it on a level surface, then start the engine after a lapse of 1 minute or more. Confirm that the warning light has turned off after the engine has started. Refer to “Engine Low Oil Level Warning Light” P189. & Changing the Oil and Oil Filter s11ae02 Change the oil and oil filter according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. NOTE . Changing the engine oil and oil filter should be performed by a welltrained expert. Contact your SUBARU dealer for changing the engine oil and oil filter. Fully trained mechanics are on standby at a SUBARU dealer to utilize the special tools, spare parts and recommended oil for this work, and also, used oils are properly disposed of. . If performing oil replacement yourself, observe the local regulations and dispose of waste oil properly. & Recommended Grade and Viscosity s11ae03 CAUTION Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. Refer to “Engine Oil” P568. NOTE Engine oil viscosity (thickness) affects fuel economy. Oils of lower viscosity provide better fuel economy. However, in hot weather, oil of higher viscosity is required to properly lubricate the engine. & Synthetic Oil s11ae05 You should use synthetic engine oil that meets the same requirements given for conventional engine oil. When using synthetic oil, you must use oil of the same classification, viscosity and grade shown in this Owner’s Manual. Refer to “Engine Oil” P568. Also, you must follow the oil and filter changing intervals shown in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. NOTE Synthetic oil of the grade and viscosity noted in chapter 12 is the recommended engine oil for optimum engine performance. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable. Engine Oil 529 11 Maintenance and Service 11-7. Cooling System s11af WARNING Never remove the radiator cap until the engine has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is removed. CAUTION . Vehicles are filled at the factory with SUBARU SUPER COOLANT that does not require the first change for 11 years/137,500 miles (11 years/220,000 km). This coolant should not be mixed with any other brand or type of coolant during this period. Mixing with a different coolant will reduce the life of the coolant. When necessary to top off the coolant for any reason, use only SUBARU SUPER COOLANT. If SUBARU SUPER COOLANT is diluted with another brand or type, the maintenance interval is shortened to that of the mixing coolant. . Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface. & Cooling Fan, Hose and Connections s11af03 Your vehicle employs an electric cooling fan which is thermostatically controlled to operate when the engine coolant reaches a specific temperature. 1 Normal operating range If the radiator cooling fan does not operate even when the engine coolant temperature gauge exceeds the normal operating range, the cooling fan circuit may be defective. Refer to “Engine Coolant Temperature Gauge” P181. Check the fuse and replace it if necessary. If the fuse is not blown, have the cooling system checked by your SUBARU dealer. If the frequent addition of coolant is necessary between vehicle service visits, it is recommended that you have your vehicle inspected by an authorized SUBARU dealer to check for leaks, damage, or looseness. & Engine Coolant s11af02 ! Checking the coolant level s11af0201 1 “FULL” level mark 2 “LOW” level mark 530 Cooling System Check the coolant level at each fuel stop. 1. Check the coolant level on the outside of the reservoir while the engine is cool. 2. If the level is close to or lower than the “LOW” level mark, add coolant up to the “FULL” level mark. If the reserve tank is empty, remove the radiator cap and refill coolant up to just below the filler neck as shown in the following illustration. 1 Fill up to this level. 3. After refilling the reserve tank and the radiator, reinstall the cap and check that the rubber gaskets inside the radiator cap are in the proper position. CAUTION . Be careful not to spill engine coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine coolant gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. . Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface. ! Changing the coolant s11af0202 It may be difficult to change the coolant. Have the coolant changed by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. The coolant should be changed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Cooling System 531 11 Maintenance and Service 11-8. Air Cleaner Element s11ag WARNING Do not operate the engine with the air cleaner element removed. The air cleaner element not only filters intake air but also stops flames if the engine backfires. If the air cleaner element is not installed when the engine backfires, you could be burned. CAUTION When replacing the air cleaner element, use a genuine SUBARU air cleaner element. If it is not used, there is the possibility of causing a negative effect to the engine. The air cleaner element functions as a filter screen. When the element is perforated or removed, engine wear will be excessive and engine life shortened. The air cleaner element is a dry type. It is unnecessary to clean or wash the element. & Replacing the Air Cleaner Element s11ag01 Replace the air cleaner element according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Under extremely dusty conditions, replace it more frequently. It is recommended that you always use genuine SUBARU parts. ! 2.5 L models s11ag0111 1 Clips 1. Unsnap the two clips holding the air cleaner case (rear). 2. Open the air cleaner case and pull the cover rearward while lifting it up. 3. Remove the air cleaner element. CAUTION If the inside of the air cleaner case is extremely soiled (for example, by sand), contact a SUBARU dealer and have the air cleaner case cleaned. 4. If you find large foreign objects such as leaves inside the air cleaner case, remove the foreign objects. 532 Air Cleaner Element 5. Install a new air cleaner element in the way the longitudinal side and the transverse side face as shown in the illustration. 6. To install the air cleaner case (rear), insert the three projections on the air cleaner case (rear) into the slits on the air cleaner case (front). 7. Install in the reverse order of removal. ! 2.4 L models s11ag0112 1 Clips 1. Unsnap the two clips holding the air cleaner case (rear). 2. Open the air cleaner case and pull the cover rearward while lifting it up. 3. Remove the air cleaner element. CAUTION If the inside of the air cleaner case is extremely soiled (for example, by sand), contact a SUBARU dealer and have the air cleaner case cleaned. 4. If you find large foreign objects such as leaves inside the air cleaner case, remove the foreign objects. – CONTINUED – Air Cleaner Element 533 11 Maintenance and Service 5. Install a new air cleaner element in the way the longitudinal side and the transverse side face as shown in the illustration. 6. To install the air cleaner case (rear), insert the three projections on the air cleaner case (rear) into the slits on the air cleaner case (front). 7. Install the removed parts in the reverse order of removal. 11-9. Spark Plugs s11ah It may be difficult to replace the spark plugs. It is recommended that you have the spark plugs replaced by your SUBARU dealer. The spark plugs should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. & Recommended Spark Plugs s11ah01 Refer to “Electrical System” P571. 534 Spark Plugs 11-10. Drive Belts s11ai It is unnecessary to check the deflection of the drive belt periodically because your engine is equipped with an automatic belt tension adjuster. However, replacement of the belt should be done according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. If the belt is loose, cracked or worn, contact your SUBARU dealer. 11-11. Continuously Variable Transmission Fluid s11ay There is no fluid level gauge. It is unnecessary to check the continuously variable transmission fluid level. However, if necessary, consult your SUBARU dealer for inspection. 11-12. Front Differential Gear Oil and Rear Differential Gear Oil s11bl It is not necessary to check the gear oil level. Check that there are no cracks, damage or leakage. However, the oil inspection should be performed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for details. & Recommended Grade and Viscosity s11bl01 Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and additives. Never use different brands together. For details, refer to “Front Differential and Rear Differential Gear Oil” P570. CAUTION Using a differential gear oil other than the specified oil may cause a decline in vehicle performance. Drive Belts 535 11 Maintenance and Service 11-13. Brake Fluid s11ao & Checking the Fluid Level s11ao01 WARNING . Never let brake fluid contact your eyes because brake fluid can be harmful to your eyes. If brake fluid gets in your eyes, immediately flush them thoroughly with clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is advisable. . Brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moisture can cause a dangerous loss of braking performance. . If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer. CAUTION . When adding brake fluid, be careful not to allow any dirt into the reservoir. . Never splash the brake fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the brake fluid may damage them. . Be careful not to spill brake fluid when adding it. If brake fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If brake fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. Visually check the brake fluid level of the reservoir monthly on the even surface. 1 “MAX” level line 2 “MIN” level line Be sure to check the brake fluid level from the outside of the reservoir. If the fluid level is below “MIN”, top up brake fluid to “MAX”. Use only brake fluid from a sealed container. & Recommended Brake Fluid s11ao02 Refer to “Fluids” P570. CAUTION Never use different brands of brake fluid together. Also, avoid mixing DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids even if they are the same brand. 536 Brake Fluid 11-14. Brake Pedal s11ar Check the brake pedal free play and reserve distance according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. 11-15. Replacement of Brake Pad s11at CAUTION . If you continue to drive despite the scraping noise from the audible brake pad wear indicator, it will result in the need for costly brake rotor repair or replacement. . It is recommended that you disconnect the vehicle battery before replacing the brake pad. However, it is dangerous to disconnect the vehicle battery. We recommend that you have your SUBARU dealer replace the brake pad. The disc brakes have audible wear indicators on the brake pads. If the brake pads wear close to their service limit, the wear indicator makes a very audible scraping noise when the brake pedal is applied. If you hear this scraping noise each time you apply the brake pedal, have the brake pads serviced by your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. Brake Pedal 537 11 Maintenance and Service 11-16. Tires and Wheels s11av & Types of Tires s11av01 You should be familiar with type of tires present on your vehicle. The factory-installed tires on your new vehicle are all season tires. ! All season tires s11av0101 All season tires are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking performance in year-round driving including snowy and icy road conditions. However all season tires do not offer as much traction performance as winter (snow) tires in heavy or loose snow or on icy roads. All season tires are identified by “ALL SEASON” and/or “M+S” (Mud & Snow) on the tire sidewall. ! Summer tires s11av0102 Summer tires are high-speed capability tires best suited for highway driving under dry conditions. Summer tires are inadequate for driving on slippery roads such as on snow-covered or icy roads. If you drive your vehicle on snow-covered or icy roads, we strongly recommend the use of winter (snow) tires. When installing winter tires, be sure to replace all four tires. ! Winter (snow) tires s11av0103 Winter tires are best suited for driving on snow-covered and icy roads. However winter tires do not perform as well as summer tires and all season tires on roads other than snow-covered and icy roads. & Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) (U.S.-Spec. Models) s11av02 The tire pressure monitoring system provides the driver with a warning message by sending a signal from a sensor that is installed in each wheel when tire pressure is severely low. The tire pressure monitoring system will activate only when the vehicle is driven at speeds above 20 mph (32 km/h). Also, this system may not react immediately to a sudden drop in tire pressure (for example, a blow-out caused by running over a sharp object). If you adjust the tire pressures in a warm garage and will then drive the vehicle in cold outside air, the resulting drop in tire pressures may cause the low tire pressure warning light to illuminate. To avoid this problem when adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, inflate the tires to pressures higher than those shown on the tire inflation pressure label. Specifically, inflate them by an extra 1 psi (6.9 kPa, 0.07 kgf/cm2) for every difference of 108F (5.68C) between the temperature in the garage and the temperature outside. By way of example, the following table shows the required tire pressures that correspond to various outside temperatures when the temperature in the garage is 608F (15.68C). Example: Tire size: 225/55R17 97V, 225/50R18 95V Standard tire pressures: Front: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) Rear: 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2) Garage temperature: 608F (15.68C) Outside temperature Adjusted pressure [psi (kPa, kgf/cm2)] Front Rear 308F (−18C) 36 (250, 2.5) 35 (240, 2.4) 108F (−128C) 38 (265, 2.65) 37 (255, 2.55) −108F (−238C) 41 (280, 2.8) 39 (270, 2.7) Example: Tire size: 225/65R17 102H, 225/60R18 100H, 225/65R17 102T Standard tire pressures: Front: 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2) Rear: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) Garage temperature: 608F (15.68C) 538 Tires and Wheels Outside temperature Adjusted pressure [psi (kPa, kgf/cm2)] Front Rear 308F (−18C) 38 (260, 2.65) 36 (250, 2.5) 108F (−128C) 40 (275, 2.8) 38 (265, 2.65) −108F (−238C) 42 (290, 2.95) 41 (280, 2.8) If the low tire pressure warning light illuminates when you drive the vehicle in cold outside air after adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, re-adjust the tire pressures using the method described above. Then, increase the vehicle speed to at least 20 mph (32 km/h) and check to see that the low tire pressure warning light goes off a few minutes later. If the low tire pressure warning light does not go off, the tire pressure monitoring system may not be functioning normally. In this event, go to a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected as soon as possible. While the vehicle is driven, friction between tires and the road surface causes the tires to warm up. After illumination of the low tire pressure warning light, any increase in the tire pressures caused by an increase in the outside air temperature or by an increase in the temperature in the tires can cause the low tire pressure warning light to go off. It may not be possible to install TPMS valves on certain wheels that are on the market. Therefore, if you change the wheels (for example, a switch to snow tires), use wheels that have the same part number as the standard-equipment wheels. Without four operational TPMS valve/sensors on the wheels, the TPMS will not fully function and the warning light in the instrument panel will illuminate steadily after blinking for approximately one minute. WARNING If the low tire pressure warning light does not illuminate briefly after the ignition switch is turned on or the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, you should have your Tire Pressure Monitoring System checked at a SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. If this light illuminates while driving, never brake suddenly. Instead, perform the following procedure. Otherwise an accident involving serious vehicle damage and serious personal injury could occur. 1) Keep driving straight ahead while gradually reducing speed. 2) Slowly pull off the road to a safe place. 3) Check the pressure for all four tires and adjust the pressure to the COLD tire pressure shown on the tire inflation pressure label on the door pillar on the driver’s side. If this light still illuminates while driving after adjusting the tire pressure, a tire may have significant damage and a fast leak that causes the tire to lose air rapidly. If you have a flat tire, refer to “Flat Tires” P488. When a replacement tire is mounted or a wheel rim is replaced without the original pressure sensor/transmitter being transferred, the low tire pressure warning light will illuminate steadily after blinking for approximately one minute. This indicates the TPMS is unable to monitor all four road wheels. Contact your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible for tire and sensor replacement and/ or system resetting. If the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, promptly contact a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected. – CONTINUED – Tires and Wheels 539 11 Maintenance and Service ! TPMS valve self-registration s11av0201 When the wheels are replaced (such as when installing snow tires) or when a new TPMS valve is mounted on a new installed wheel, you will need to perform TPMS valve self-registration. Refer to the following procedure to perform TPMS valve selfregistration. 1. Install the wheels with TPMS valves on the vehicle. 2. Adjust the tire pressure to the specified value. For information about the specified value of the tire pressure, refer to “Tires” P572. 3. Drive at speeds above 25 mph (40 km/h) for at least 4 miles (6 km) or until the low tire pressure warning light turns off. NOTE . When installing TPMS valves, use only genuine SUBARU parts. . Registration of TPMS valves can also be done at a SUBARU dealer. Consult your SUBARU dealer. & Tire Inspection s11av03 Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. Contact your SUBARU dealer immediately if you find any problem. NOTE . When the wheels and tires strike curbs or are subjected to harsh treatment as when the vehicle is driven on a rough surface, they can suffer damage that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This type of damage does not become evident until time has passed. Try not to drive over curbs, potholes or on other rough surfaces. If doing so is unavoidable, keep the vehicle’s speed down to a walking pace or less, and approach the curbs as squarely as possible. Also, make sure the tires are not pressed against the curb when you park the vehicle. . If you feel unusual vibration while driving or find it difficult to steer the vehicle in a straight line, one of the tires and/or wheels may be damaged. Drive slowly to the nearest authorized SUBARU dealer and have the vehicle inspected. & Tire Pressures and Wear s11av04 Maintaining the correct tire pressures helps to maximize the tires’ service lives and is essential for good running performance. Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire and the spare (if equipped) at least once a month and before any long journey. Tire inflation pressure label 540 Tires and Wheels Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the values shown on the tire inflation pressure label. The tire inflation pressure label is located on the door pillar on the driver’s side. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehicle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure. NOTE . The air pressure in a tire increases by approximately 4.3 psi (30 kPa, 0.3 kgf/cm2) when the tire becomes warm. . The tires are considered cold when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours or has been driven less than 1 mile (1.6 km). WARNING Do not let air out of warm tires to adjust pressure. Doing so will result in low tire pressure. Incorrect tire pressures detract from controllability and ride comfort, and they cause the tires to wear abnormally. . Correctly inflated tires (tread worn evenly) Roadholding is good, and steering is responsive. Rolling resistance is low, so fuel consumption is also lower. . Under inflated tires (tread worn at shoulders) Rolling resistance is high, so fuel consumption is also higher. – CONTINUED – Tires and Wheels 541 11 Maintenance and Service . Over inflated tires (tread worn in center) Ride comfort is poor. Also, the tire magnifies the effects of road surface bumps and dips, possibly resulting in vehicle damage. WARNING Driving at high speeds with excessively low tire pressures can cause the tires to deform severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp increase in temperature could cause tread separation, and destruction of the tires. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. & Wheel Balance s11av05 Each wheel was correctly balanced when your vehicle was new, but the wheels will become unbalanced as the tires become worn during use. Wheel imbalance causes the steering wheel to vibrate slightly at certain vehicle speeds and detracts from the vehicle’s straight-line stability. It can also cause steering and suspension system problems and abnormal tire wear. If you suspect that the wheels are not correctly balanced, have them checked and adjusted by your SUBARU dealer. Also have them adjusted after tire repairs and after tire rotation. CAUTION Loss of correct wheel alignment causes the tires to wear on one side and reduces the vehicle’s running stability. Contact your SUBARU dealer if you notice abnormal tire wear. NOTE The suspension system is designed to hold each wheel at a certain alignment (relative to the other wheels and to the road) for optimum straight-line stability and cornering performance. 542 Tires and Wheels & Wear Indicators s11av06 1 New tread 2 Worn tread 3 Tread wear indicator Each tire incorporates a tread wear indicator, which becomes visible when the depth of the tread grooves decreases to 0.063 in (1.6 mm). A tire must be replaced when the tread wear indicator appears as a solid band across the tread. WARNING When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at high speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. The resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident. NOTE For safety, inspect the tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible. & Rotational Direction of Tires s11av11 Example of rotational direction marked on the sidewall 1 Front If the tires have specific rotational direction, refer to the arrow marked on the side wall. The arrow should be pointing forward direction when the wheels are fitted. – CONTINUED – Tires and Wheels 543 11 Maintenance and Service & Tire Rotation s11av07 Vehicles equipped with 4 nonunidirectional tires 1 Front Vehicles equipped with unidirectional tires 1 Front Models with a spare tire of the same wheel type as the installed tires 1 Front NOTE In prior to carrying out a tire rotation, check the side wall of the tires and confirm the following. . All 5 tires are the same in brand and tread pattern. . The rotational directions and sizes match. Tire wear varies from wheel to wheel. Move the tires to the posi- 544 Tires and Wheels tions shown in the illustration each time they are rotated. For the tire rotation schedule, refer to the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tire at the time of rotation. After tire rotation, adjust the tire pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened. After driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km), check the wheel nuts again and retighten any nut that has become loose. & Tire Replacement s11av08 The wheels and tires are important and integral parts of your vehicle’s design; they cannot be changed arbitrarily. The tires fitted as standard equipment are optimally matched to the characteristics of the vehicle and were selected to give the best possible combination of running performance, ride comfort, and service life. It is essential for every tire to have a size and construction matching those shown on the tire inflation pressure label. For more details about matching the speed rating and load index of your tires, refer to “Tires” P572. Using tires of a non-specified size detracts from controllability, ride comfort, braking performance, speedometer accuracy and odometer accuracy. It also creates incorrect body-to-tire clearances and inappropriately changes the vehicle’s ground clearance. All four tires must be the same in terms of manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), construction, and size. You are advised to replace the tires with new ones that are identical to those fitted as standard equipment. For safe vehicle operation, SUBARU recommends replacing all four tires at the same time. WARNING . When replacing or installing tire(s), all four tires must be the same for the following items. (a) Size (b) Speed symbol (c) Load index (d) Circumference (e) Construction (f) Manufacturer (g) Brand (tread pattern) (h) Degrees of wear For items (a) to (c), you must obey the specification that is printed on the tire inflation pressure label. The tire inflation pressure label is located on the driver’s door pillar. If all four tires are not the same in items (a) to (h), serious mechanical damage could be caused to the drivetrain of the car, and affect the followings. – Ride – Handling – Braking – Speedometer/Odometer calibration – Clearance between the body and the tires It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle control, and it can lead to an accident. . Use only radial tires. Do not use radial tires together with belted bias tires and/or bias-ply tires. Doing so can dangerously reduce controllability, resulting in an accident. – CONTINUED – Tires and Wheels 545 11 Maintenance and Service & Wheel Replacement s11av09 When replacing wheels due, for example, to damage, make sure the replacement wheels match the specifications of the wheels that are fitted as standard equipment. Replacement wheels are available from SUBARU dealers. WARNING Use only those wheels that are specified for your vehicle. Wheels not meeting specifications could interfere with brake caliper operation and may cause the tires to rub against the wheel well housing during turns. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. NOTE When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. 11-17. Alloy Wheels s11bm Alloy wheels can be scratched and damaged easily. Handle them carefully to maintain their appearance, performance, and safety. . When any of the wheels is removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. . Never apply oil to the threaded parts, wheel nuts, or tapered surface of the wheel. . Never let the wheel rub against sharp protrusions or curbs. . When wheel nuts, balance weights, or the center cap is replaced, be sure to replace them with genuine SUBARU parts designed for alloy wheels. . When stacking and storing removed tires, place shock-absorbing material between the tires to protect the wheels from becoming scratched. 11-18. Windshield Washer Fluid s11ax Windshield washer fluid warning light When there is only a small amount of washer fluid remaining, the windshield washer fluid warning light will appear. When this occurs, refill the washer fluid as follows. 546 Alloy Wheels 1 “FULL” mark Remove the washer tank filler cap, then add fluid until it reaches the “FULL” mark on the tank. Use windshield washer fluid. If windshield washer fluid is unavailable use clean water. In areas where water freezes in winter, use an anti-freeze type windshield washer fluid. CAUTION Never use engine coolant as washer fluid because it could cause paint damage. If you fill the windshield washer tank with a fluid with a different concentration from the one used previously, purge the old fluid from the piping between the windshield washer tank and washer nozzles by operating the washer for a certain period of time. Otherwise, if the concentration of the fluid remaining in the piping is too low for the outside temperature, it may freeze and block the nozzles. CAUTION . Adjust the washer fluid concentration appropriately for the outside temperature. If the concentration is inappropriate, sprayed washer fluid may freeze on the windshield and obstruct your view, and the fluid may freeze in the windshield washer tank. . State or local regulations on volatile organic compounds may restrict the use of methanol, a common windshield washer antifreeze additive. Washer fluids containing non-methanol antifreeze agents should be used only if they provide cold weather protection without damaging your vehicle’s paint, wiper blades or washer system. 11-19. Replacement of Wiper Blades s11az Grease, wax, insects, or other material on the windshield or the wiper blade results in jerky wiper operation and streaking on the glass. If you cannot remove the streaks after operating the windshield washer or if the wiper operation is jerky, clean the outer surface of the windshield and rear window using a sponge or soft cloth with a neutral detergent or mild-abrasive cleaner. Do not, however, use detergent to clean the blade rubbers. Use only a sponge or soft cloth (and no neutral detergent or mild abrasive cleaner) when you clean the blade rubbers. If you wipe the rubber of the blade strongly, the black coating component will peel off, which will cause the wiper to judder. Also, after wiping it off, check that the rubber has not come loose. After cleaning the window glass and wiper blade rubbers, be sure to rinse them with clean water. Rinse the window until the water does not form beads on the glass. This indicates that the glass is clean. CAUTION . Do not clean the wiper blades with gasoline or a solvent, such as paint thinner or benzine. This – CONTINUED – Replacement of Wiper Blades 547 11 Maintenance and Service will cause deterioration of the wiper blades. . When you wish to raise the passenger- side wiper arm, first raise the driver-side wiper arm. Otherwise, the passenger-side wiper assembly and driver-side wiper assembly will touch each other, possibly resulting in scratches. . Return the passenger-side wiper arm to its original position before returning the driver-side wiper arm to its original position. Otherwise, the passenger-side wiper assembly and driver-side wiper assembly will touch each other, possibly resulting in scratches. . When returning the raised wipers to the original positions, return the wipers slowly on the windshield by hand. Returning the wipers from the detached positions by the spring operation might change the shape of the wiper arm or scratch the windshield. . While removing the wiper blades from the wiper arms, do not return the wiper arms to the original positions. Otherwise, the windshield surface may be scratched. If you cannot eliminate the streaking even after following this method, replace the wiper blades using the following procedures. & Windshield Wiper Blade Assembly s11az01 NOTE Do not lower the wiper arm while the wiper blade assembly is removed. 1. Raise the wiper arm off the windshield. First raise the driver’s side wiper arm and then raise the front passenger’s side wiper arm. CAUTION Hold the wiper arm when replacing the wiper blade. Holding the wiper blade, may result in blade deformation. 1 Lock knob 2. Hold the wiper blade connection by hand, push the lock knob to release the lock, and then pull out the wiper blade assembly. NOTE Do not use a hard object to push the lock knob. The lock knob may be scratched. 548 Replacement of Wiper Blades 3. When installing the wiper blade assembly, align it with the wiper arm connection part and then slide it in the opposite direction of removal to install. After installing the wiper blade assembly, check that the connection part is locked completely. 4. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. & Window Wiper Blade Rubber s11az05 Replace the wiper blade rubber according to the following procedure. 1. Pull the wiper blade rubber until the slit on the underside of the wiper blade is in the removal position, as shown in the illustration, so that it can be removed. 2. Pull the end of the wiper blade rubber through the slit to remove it. 3. To install a new wiper blade rubber, perform the removal procedure in the reverse order. After installation, check that the tip of the wiper rubber has reached the end of the cap. NOTE It may be difficult to perform the wiper blade rubber replacement. We recommend that you contact your SUBARU dealer for wiper blade rubber replacement if necessary. – CONTINUED – Replacement of Wiper Blades 549 11 Maintenance and Service & Rear Window Wiper Blade Assembly (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness) s11az03 1. Raise the wiper arm off the rear window. 2. Turn the wiper blade assembly counterclockwise. 3. Pull the wiper blade assembly toward you to remove it from the wiper arm. & Rear Window Wiper Blade Rubber (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness) s11az04 1. Pull out the end of the blade rubber assembly to unlock it from the plastic support. 550 Replacement of Wiper Blades 2. Pull the blade rubber assembly out of the plastic support. 1 Metal spines 3. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber. 4. Align the claws of the plastic support with the grooves in the blade rubber assembly, then slide the blade rubber assembly into place. Securely retain both ends of the rubber with the stoppers on the plastic support ends. If the rubber is not retained properly, the wiper may scratch the rear window glass. 5. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 6. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. Replacement of Wiper Blades 551 11 Maintenance and Service 11-20. Battery s11ba WARNING . Before beginning work on or near any battery, be sure to extinguish all cigarettes, matches, and lighters. Never expose a battery to an open flame or electric sparks. Batteries give off a gas which is highly flammable and explosive. . For safety, in case an explosion does occur, wear eye protection or shield your eyes when working near any battery. Never lean over a battery. . Do not let battery fluid contact eyes, skin, fabrics, or paint because battery fluid is a corrosive acid. If battery fluid gets on your skin or in your eyes, immediately flush the area with water thoroughly. Seek medical help immediately if acid has entered the eyes. If battery fluid is accidentally swallowed, immediately drink a large amount of milk or water, and seek medical attention immediately. . To lessen the risk of sparks, remove rings, metal watchbands, and other metal jewelry. Never allow metal tools to contact the positive battery terminal and anything connected to it WHILE you are at the same time in contact with any other metallic portion of the vehicle because a short circuit will result. . Keep everyone including children away from the battery. . Charge the battery in a wellventilated area. . Battery posts, terminals, and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. Wash hands after handling. CAUTION Never use more than 10 amperes when charging the battery because it will shorten battery life. NOTE To avoid battery drain, do not use electric power (e.g., lights, wipers, climate control, seat heaters, etc.) for longer than necessary when the engine is off. If using the radio, room lights or other electrical equipment with the engine off, even in the ignition switch is in the “ACC” position, the battery will drain. It is unnecessary to periodically check the battery fluid level or periodically refill with distilled water. 552 Battery 11-21. Fuses s11bb CAUTION Never replace a fuse with one having a higher rating or with material other than a fuse because serious damage or a fire could result. NOTE Fuse rating and using circuit are described on each behind the fuse box cover. The fuses are designed to melt during an overload to prevent damage to the wiring harness and electrical equipment. The fuses are located in two fuse boxes. One is located under the instrument panel behind the fuse box cover on the driver’s seat side. To remove the cover, pull it out. 1 Spare fuses 2 Fuse puller The other one (main fuse box) is housed in the engine compartment. Also, the spare fuses and fuse puller are stored in the fuse box cover. Pinch the upper part of the fuse puller when removing it from the main fuse box. 1 Good 2 Blown If any lights, accessories or other electrical controls do not operate, inspect the corresponding fuse. If a fuse has blown, replace it. 1. Turn the ignition switch to the “LOCK”/ “OFF” position and turn off all electrical accessories. 2. Remove the fuse box cover. 3. Determine which fuse may be blown. Look at the back side of each fuse box cover. – CONTINUED – Fuses 553 11 Maintenance and Service 4. Pull out the fuse with the fuse puller. 5. Inspect the fuse. If it has blown, replace it with a spare fuse of the same rating. 6. If the same fuse blows again, this indicates that its system has a problem. Contact your SUBARU dealer for repairs. 11-22. Installation of Accessories s11bd Always consult your SUBARU dealer before installing fog lights or any other electrical equipment in your vehicle. Such accessories may cause the electronic system to malfunction if they are incorrectly installed or if they are not suited for the vehicle. We recommend that you install only genuine SUBARU accessories on your vehicle. 11-23. Replacing Bulbs s11be WARNING Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down, Otherwise, there is the risk of sustaining a burn injury. CAUTION Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire. For the specified wattage of each bulb, refer to “Bulb Chart” P574. For replacement, contact your SUBARU dealer. 554 Installation of Accessories & Headlights s11be18 The LED headlight warning light illuminates if the LED headlights malfunction. Have your vehicle inspected at a SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. & Front Turn Signal Light/Front Position Light s11be03 Right-hand side (Legacy/Outback) Right-hand side (Subaru Outback Wilderness) Left-hand side (Legacy/Outback) L e f t – h a n d s i d e ( S u b a r u O u t b a c k Wilderness) 1. Turn the socket counterclockwise and pull it out. – CONTINUED – Replacing Bulbs 555 11 Maintenance and Service 2. Pull out the bulb from the socket and replace the bulb with a new one. & Rear Combination Lights s11be05 ! Legacy s11be0501 NOTE It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. We recommend that you have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. 1. Undo the clips. For the method to undo the clips, refer to “Type C clips” P522. 2. Remove the side cover. 3. Remove the upper and lower screws. 4. Slide the rear combination light assembly straight rearward and remove it from the vehicle. 1 Rear turn signal light 5. Remove the bulb holder from the rear combination light assembly by turning 556 Replacing Bulbs it counterclockwise. 6. Pull the bulb out of the bulb holder and replace it with a new one. 7. Set the bulb holder into the rear combination light assembly and turn it clockwise until it locks. 8. Reinstall the rear combination light assembly by sliding the two-pronged part of the combination light assembly securely to each holder of the vehicle side. 9. Tighten the upper and lower screws. 10. Reinstall the side cover. ! Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness s11be0502 1. Undo the clips. For the method to undo the clips, refer to “Type C clips” P522. 2. Remove the side cover. 3. Remove the upper and lower screws. – CONTINUED – Replacing Bulbs 557 11 Maintenance and Service 4. Slide the rear combination light assembly straight rearward and remove it from the vehicle. 1 Rear turn signal light 2 Rear side marker light 5. Remove the bulb holder from the rear combination light assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 6. Pull the bulb out of the bulb holder and replace it with a new one. 7. Set the bulb holder into the rear combination light assembly and turn it clockwise until it locks. 8. Reinstall the rear combination light assembly by sliding the two-pronged part of the combination light assembly securely to each holder of the vehicle side. 9. Tighten the upper and lower screws. 10. Reinstall the side cover. & Backup Light s11be06 ! Legacy s11be0601 NOTE It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. We recommend that you have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. 1. Open the trunk. 558 Replacing Bulbs 2. Remove the trunk trim lining by removing the clips indicated in the illustration. 3. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and remove it. 4. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 5. Install the bulb socket by turning it clockwise. 6. Reconnect the electrical connector. 7. Reinstall the trunk trim lining. ! Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness s11be0602 1. Apply a flat-head screwdriver to the light cover or rear gate light (if equipped) as shown in the illustration, and pry the light cover off from the rear gate trim. 2. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and remove it. 3. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 4. Install the bulb socket by turning it clockwise. – CONTINUED – Replacing Bulbs 559 11 Maintenance and Service 5. Install the light cover on the rear gate. & Door Step Light s11be10 CAUTION Replacing the bulb could cause a short circuit. Have the bulb replaced by your SUBARU dealer. & Trunk Light (Legacy) s11be12 CAUTION Replacing the bulb could cause burns since the bulb may be very hot. Have the bulb replaced by your SUBARU dealer. & Other Bulbs s11be29 It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. We recommend that you have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. & Adjusting Headlight Aim (Legacy/Outback) s11be57 1 Adjustment screw A 2 Adjustment screw B ! Before checking the headlight aiming s11be5701 1. Make sure the vehicle has a full tank of gasoline and the area around the headlight is not deformed. 2. Park the vehicle on level ground. 3. Sit in the driver’s seat. 4. Bounce the vehicle several times. ! Headlight aim adjustment s11be5702 1 Adjustment direction mark 1. Turn screw A clockwise or counterclockwise to adjust it. Remember the direction of the rotation and number of rotations. 560 Replacing Bulbs 1 Adjustment direction mark 2. Turn screw B the same number of turns and in the same direction as step 1. NOTE . If the headlight aim cannot be adjusted, contact your SUBARU dealer. . To inspect the headlight aim position, consult a SUBARU dealer. 11-24. Replacing Battery s11bk The access key fob/transmitter battery may be discharged under the following conditions. . The operation of the keyless access function is unstable. . The operating distance of the remote keyless entry system is unstable. . The transmitter does not operate properly when used within the standard distance. Replace the battery with a new one. CAUTION . Do not let dust, oil or water get on or in the access key fob/transmitter when replacing battery. . Be careful not to damage the printed circuit board in the access key fob/transmitter when replacing the battery. . Be careful not to allow children to touch the battery and any removed parts; children could swallow them. . There is a danger of an explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type of the battery. . Batteries shall not be exposed to excessive heat such as bright sunlight, fire or the like. NOTE . Replace only with the same or equivalent type of battery recommended by the manufacturer. . Dispose of used batteries according to the local laws. . Mount the battery in the correct orientation to prevent fluid leakage. Be careful not to bend the terminals. It may result in a malfunction. . It is recommended that the battery should be replaced by a SUBARU dealer. . Use a new battery. . After replacing the battery, confirm that the access key fob/transmitter functions properly. – CONTINUED – Replacing Battery 561 11 Maintenance and Service & Replacing Battery of Access Key Fob s11bk01 CAUTION . When removing or fitting the access key fob cover, make sure that the plastic part does not come off or become misaligned. . Before replacing the battery, remove any static electricity. Battery: Button battery CR2032 or equivalent 1 Release button 2 Emergency key 1. Take out the emergency key. 2. Wrap a flat-head screwdriver with vinyl tape or a cloth, and insert it in the gap to remove the cover. 3. Take out the battery using a flat-head screwdriver with vinyl tape or a cloth. 4. Insert a new battery with its positive (+) side facing upward as shown in the figure. 5. Attach the cover to the access key fob by fitting the projections and recesses together. 562 Replacing Battery & Replacing Battery of Transmitter s11bk02 CAUTION Before replacing the battery, remove any static electricity. Battery: Button battery CR2025 or equivalent 1. Open the key head using a flat-head screwdriver. 2. Remove the transmitter case from the key head. 3. Open the transmitter case by releasing the hooks. 1 Negative (−) side facing up 4. Replace the old battery with a new battery (type CR2025 or equivalent) making sure to install the new battery with the negative (−) side facing up. 5. Put together the transmitter case by fitting the hooks on the case. 6. Reinstall the transmitter case in the key head. 7. Refit the removed half of the key head. After the battery is replaced, the transmitter must be synchronized with the remote keyless entry system’s control unit. Press either the “ ” or “ ” button six times to synchronize the unit. Replacing Battery 563 11 Maintenance and Service s12 12-1. Specifications . 566 Dimensions 566 Engine 567 Fuel 567 Engine Oil 568 Front Differential and Rear Differential Gear Oil. 570 Fluids . 570 Engine Coolant. 571 Electrical System 571 Tires. 572 Brake Pedal 573 Brake Disc 573 Brake Pad 573 12-2. Bulb Chart574 Safety Precautions . 574 Bulb Chart . 575 12-3. Vehicle Identification.578 12-4. Function Settings 579 Function Settings and Adjustments on the Center Information Display . 579 Individual Settings and Adjustments Excluding Center Information Display . 579 Function Settings and Adjustments Performed by a Dealer 579 Specifications 12 Specifications 12-1. Specifications s12aa These specifications are subject to change without notice. & Dimensions s12aa01 in (mm) Item Legacy Outback Subaru Outback Wilderness 2.5 L 2.4 L 2.5 L 2.4 L Drive system AWD Transmission type CVT Overall length 191.1 (4,855) 191.9 (4,875) 191.3 (4,860) Overall width 72.4 (1,840) 74.2 (1,885) 74.6 (1,895) Overall height 59.1 (1,500) 66.1 (1,680) 66.9 (1,700) Wheelbase 108.3 (2,750) 108.1 (2,745) Tread Front 62.2 (1,580) 61.8 (1,570) 62.0 (1,575) Rear 63.4 (1,610) 62.8 (1,595) 63.0 (1,600) Ground clearance*1 5.9 (150) 8.7 (220) 9.5 (241) *1: Measured with vehicle empty CVT: Continuously variable transmission AWD: All-Wheel Drive 566 Specifications & Engine s12aa02 Engine model FB25 (2.5 L, DOHC, non-turbo) FA24 (2.4 L, DOHC, turbo) Engine type Horizontally opposed, liquid cooled 4 cylinder, 4 stroke direct injection gasoline engine Horizontally opposed, liquid cooled 4 cylinder, 4-stroke direct injection gasoline engine Displacement cu-in (cc) 152 (2,498) 146 (2,387) Bore 6 Stroke in (mm) 3.70 6 3.54 (94.0 6 90.0) 3.70 6 3.39 (94.0 6 86.0) Compression ratio 12.0 : 1 10.6 : 1 Firing order 1 – 3 – 2 – 4 1 – 3 – 2 – 4 & Fuel s12aa08 Fuel requirement Fuel tank capacity Unleaded gasoline with 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher 18.5 US gal (70 liters, 15.4 Imp gal) – CONTINUED – Specifications 567 12 Specifications & Engine Oil s12aa12 For the checking, adding and replacing procedure or other details, refer to “Engine Oil” P527. NOTE The procedure for changing the engine oil and oil filter should be performed by a properly-trained expert. It is recommended that you have this service performed by your SUBARU dealer. ! Approved engine oil s12aa1201 Always use the SUBARU approved engine oil. For further details, please contact your SUBARU dealer. If the approved engine oil is unavailable, use the alternative engine oil described in the following. ! Alternative engine oil s12aa1202 If the SUBARU approved oil is unavailable, the following alternative oil can be used. NOTE . Each quantity indicated is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. . In choosing an oil, you want the proper quality and viscosity, as well as one that will enhance fuel economy. Oils of lower viscosity provide better fuel economy. However, in hot weather, oil of higher viscosity is required to properly lubricate the engine. The following table lists the recommended viscosities and applicable temperatures. . When adding oil, different brands may be used together as long as they are the same ILSAC and API classification and SAE viscosity as those recommended by SUBARU. 568 Specifications Oil grade SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature Engine oil capacity API (American Petroleum Institute) classification SN with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING”, SN PLUS with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or SP with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or ILSAC (International Lubricant Specification Advisory Committee) GF-5 or GF-6A, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark) 0W-20 synthetic oil is the required oil for optimum engine performance and protection. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable. *: If 0W-20 synthetic oil is not available, 5W-30 conventional oil may be used if you need to add oil. However, you should change to 0W-20 synthetic oil at the next oil change. 2.5 L models – Adding the oil from low level to full level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) – Changing the oil and oil filter: 4.4 US qt (4.2 liters, 3.7 Imp qt) 2.4 L models – Adding the oil from low level to full level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) – Changing the oil and oil filter: 4.8 US qt (4.5 liters, 4.0 Imp qt) – CONTINUED – Specifications 569 12 Specifications & Front Differential and Rear Differential Gear Oil s12aa13 Oil Front differential gear oil Rear differential gear oil Oil grade . SUBARU Extra MT*3 . API classification GL-5 (75W-90)*4 2.5 L models and 2.4 L for Outback: API classification GL-5 (75W-90)*3 2.4 L for Legacy/Subaru Outback Wilderness: SUBARU Extra MT*3 or API classification GL-5 (75W-90)*4 Oil capacity*1 2.5 L models 1.4 US qt (1.3 liters, 1.1 Imp qt) 0.8 US qt (0.8 liters, 0.7 Imp qt) 2.4 L models 1.3 US qt (1.2 liters, 1.1 Imp qt) Remarks*2 “Front Differential Gear Oil and Rear Differential Gear Oil” P535 “Front Differential Gear Oil and Rear Differential Gear Oil” P535 *1: The indicated oil quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. After refilling the gearbox with oil, the oil level should be checked. *2: For more details about maintenance and service, refer to the indicated section. *3: The vehicle is filled at the factory with this type of differential gear oil. *4: You may use this type of differential gear oil. However, using this type of oil will detract from fuel efficiency. & Fluids s12aa10 Fluid Fluid type*1 Fluid capacity*2 Remarks*3 Continuously variable transmission fluid Consult your SUBARU dealer. 2.5 L models: · Legacy: 11.9 US qt (11.3 liters, 9.9 Imp qt) · Outback: 12.4 US qt (11.7 liters, 10.3 Imp qt) 2.4 L models: · Legacy: 12.3 US qt (11.6 liters, 10.2 Imp qt) · Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness: 12.6 US qt (11.9 liters, 10.5 Imp qt) “Continuously Variable Transmission Fluid” P535 Brake fluid FMVSS No. 116, DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid “Brake Fluid” P536 *1: Use one of the indicated types of fluid. *2: The indicated fluid quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. *3: For more details about maintenance and service, refer to the indicated section. 570 Specifications & Engine Coolant s12aa11 Vehicle model Coolant capacity Coolant type 2.5 L models 9.5 US qt (9.0 liters, 7.9 Imp qt) SUBARU SUPER COOLANT 2.4 L models 9.2 US qt (8.7 liters, 7.7 Imp qt) The indicated coolant quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. For more details about maintenance and service, refer to “Cooling System” P530. & Electrical System s12aa03 Battery type LN2 Alternator 2.5 L models: 12 V-150 A 2.4 L models: 12 V-190 A Spark plugs 2.5 L models DILKAR7Q8 (NGK) 2.4 L models SILKFR8A6 (NGK) – CONTINUED – Specifications 571 12 Specifications & Tires s12aa05 Item Legacy Outback Subaru Outback Wilderness Tire size 225/55R17 97V 225/50R18 95V 225/65R17 102H 225/60R18 100H 225/65R17 102T Wheel size 17 6 7J 17 6 7 1/2J 18 6 7 1/2J 17 6 7J 18 6 7J 17 6 7J Pressure Front 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2)*4 36 psi (250 kPa, 2.5 kgf/cm2)*4 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2) Rear 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2) 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2)*4 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2)*4 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) Temporary spare tire/Conventional tire Size T155/70 D17 110M T155/80 D17 101M*2 225/60 R18 100H*3 225/65 R17 102T*3 Pressure 60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2 kgf/cm2) 60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2 kgf/cm2)*2 Front: 35 psi (240 kPa, 2.4 kgf/cm2)*3 Rear: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2)*3 Wheel nut tightening torque 89 lbf·ft (120 N·m, 12.2 kgf·m)*1 *1: This torque is equivalent to applying approximately 88 to 110 lbf (40 to 50 kgf) at the end of the wheel nut wrench. If you have tightened the wheel nuts by yourself, have the tightening torque checked at the nearest automotive service facility as soon as possible. For the wheel nut tightening procedure, refer to “Changing a Flat Tire” P488. *2: Models with temporary spare tire *3: Models with conventional tire *4: See the tire inflation pressure label located on the door pillar on the driver’s side. 572 Specifications & Brake Pedal s12aa27 in (mm) Pedal clearance 2.68 (68)* Pedal free play 0.02 – 0.07 (0.4 – 1.8) *: Minimum value when pedal is operated with a force of 110 lbf (490 N, 50 kgf) & Brake Disc s12aa18 If you need information on the usage limit value of brake discs and the method for measuring them, we recommend that you consult your SUBARU dealer. & Brake Pad s12aa28 in (mm) Brake pad wear limit 0.06 (1.5) Specifications 573 12 Specifications 12-2. Bulb Chart s12ac & Safety Precautions s12ac03 WARNING Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down. Otherwise, there is a risk of sustaining a burn injury. CAUTION Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire. 574 Bulb Chart & Bulb Chart s12ac04 NOTE Lights indicated by letters are the LED (Light Emitting Diode) type. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. – CONTINUED – Bulb Chart 575 12 Specifications Wattage Bulb No. 1 Front turn signal lights 12 V-28 W 7444NA Front position lights (Legacy/Outback) 12 V-8 W 7444NA 2 Vanity mirror lights 14 V-1.4 W HTU 3 Door step lights (if equipped) 12 V-5 W W5W 4 Rear side marker lights (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness) 12 V-5 W W5W 5 Backup lights 12 V-16 W W16W 6 Rear turn signal lights 12 V-21 W WY21W 7 Trunk light (Legacy) 12 V-3.8 W SAE #194 A Front position lights (Subaru Outback Wilderness) B Map lights C Dome light D Low and high beam headlights Daytime running lights (Legacy/Outback) E Front fog lights (if equipped) F Accessory lights (Legacy/Outback) G Front side marker lights H Side turn signal lights (if equipped) I High-mounted stop light J Cargo area light (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness) K Tail lights (if equipped) L License plate lights 576 Bulb Chart Wattage Bulb No. M Rear gate light (if equipped) N Tail and stop lights O Rear side marker lights (Legacy) Bulb Chart 577 12 Specifications 12-3. Vehicle Identification s12ad 1 Emission control label 2 Certification and bar code label 3 Tire inflation pressure label (vehicle placard) 4 Vehicle identification number 5 Model number label 6 Fuel label 7 Air conditioner label 578 Vehicle Identification 12-4. Function Settings s12ag & Function Settings and Adjustments on the Center Information Display s12ag01 Setting adjustments can be manually changed within the center information display to meet your personal requirements. Refer to “Center Information Display (CID)” P216. & Individual Settings and Adjustments Excluding Center Information Display s12ag02 For setting adjustments to the following items, refer to the appropriate page for details. Item Function Available settings Factory default setting Page Alarm system Alarm system Operation/Non-operation Operation 149 Remote keyless entry system Audible signal Operation/Non-operation Operation 139 & Function Settings and Adjustments Performed by a Dealer s12ag03 Item Function Available settings Factory default setting Alarm system Monitoring start delay time (after closing doors) 0 seconds/30 seconds 30 seconds Map lights/Dome light/Cargo area light illumination (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness) ON/OFF OFF Keyless access with push-button Audible signal volume*2 Level 1 to 7 Level 5 Trunk open without key (Legacy) ON/OFF ON Remote keyless entry system Audible signal volume*2 Level 1 to 7 Level 5 Remote trunk open/power rear gate open function*1 Operation of trunk opening/power rear gate opening by remote transmitter/access key fob Non-operation/Pressing twice/Pressing and holding Pressing and holding Key lock-in prevention Key lock-in prevention Operation/Non-operation Operation – CONTINUED – Function Settings 579 12 Specifications Item Function Available settings Factory default setting Auto dimmer cancel Sensitivity of the operation of the auto dimmer cancel OFF/Min/Low/Mid/Hi/Max Mid High beam assist function*1 High beam assist function Operation/Non-operation Operation Reverse gear interlocked rear wiper*1 Reverse gear interlocked rear wiper operation Operation/Non-operation U.S.-spec. models: Non-operation Other models: Operation *1: If equipped *2: The audible signal volume cannot be set under level 5 for the warning chime. 580 Function Settings s13 13-1. For U.S.A. 582 13-2. Tire Information 582 Tire Labeling 582 Recommended Tire Inflation Pressure. 584 Glossary of Tire Terminology 585 Tire Care – Maintenance and Safety Practices . 590 Vehicle Load Limit – How to Determine . 590 Determining Compatibility of Tire and Vehicle Load Capacities 593 Adverse Safety Consequences of Overloading on Handling and Stopping and on Tires 594 Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit. 594 13-3. Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards.595 TREADWEAR . 595 TRACTION AA, A, B, C . 595 TEMPERATURE A, B, C 595 13-4. Reporting Safety Defects (USA).596 13-5. How to Contact Transport Canada in Order to Report a Safety Concern Relating to the Vehicle (Canada) .597 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects 13-1. For U.S.A. s13aa The following information has been compiled according to Code of Federal Regulations “Title 49, Part 575”. 13-2. Tire Information s13ab & Tire Labeling s13ab01 Many markings (e.g. Tire size, Tire Identification Number or TIN) are placed on the sidewall of a tire by tire manufacturers. These marking can provide you with useful information on the tire. ! Tire size s13ab0101 Your vehicle comes equipped with P-Metric tire size. It is important to understand the sizing system in selecting the proper tire for your vehicles. Here is a brief review of the tire sizing system with a breakdown of its individual elements. ! P Metric s13ab010101 With the P-Metric system, Section Width is measured in millimeters. To convert millimeters into inches, divide by 25.4. The Aspect Ratio (Section Height divided by Section Width) helps provide more dimensional information about the tire size. Example: (1) P = Certain tire type used on light duty vehicles such as passenger cars (2) Section Width in millimeters (3) Aspect Ratio (= section height 7 section width). (4) R = Radial Construction (5) Rim diameter in inches ! Load and Speed Rating Descriptions s13ab010102 The load and speed rating descriptions will appear following the size designation. They provide two important facts about the tire. First, the number designation is its load index. Second, the letter designation indicates the tire’s speed rating. 582 For U.S.A. Example: (6) Load Index: A numerical code which specifies the maximum load a tire can carry at the speed indicated by its speed symbol, at maximum inflation pressure. For example, “91” means 1,356 lbs (615 kg), “90” means 1,323 lbs (600 kg), “89” means 1,279 lbs (580 kg) WARNING Load indices apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load. (7) Speed Rating: An alphabetical system describing a tire’s capability to travel at established and predetermined speeds. For example, “V” means 149 mph (240 km/h) WARNING . Speed ratings apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a speed rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be operated at the tire’s rated speed. . The speed rating is void if the tires are worn out, damaged, repaired, retreaded, or otherwise altered from their original condition. If tires are repaired, retreaded, or otherwise altered, they may not be suitable for original equipment tire designed loads and speeds. ! Tire Identification Number (TIN) s13ab0102 Tire Identification Number (TIN) is marked on the intended outboard sidewall. Here is a brief review of the TIN with a breakdown of its individual elements. Type A (1) DOT symbol* (2) Manufacturer’s Identification Mark (3) Tire Size Code (4) Tire Type Code (5) Date of Manufacture The first two figures identify the week, starting with “01” to represent the first full week of the calendar year; the second two figures represent the year. For example, 0101 means the 1st week of 2001. *: The DOT symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. – CONTINUED – Tire Information 583 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects Type B (1) DOT symbol* (2) Plant Code (3) Manufacturer’s Code (4) Date of Manufacture The first two figures identify the week, starting with “01” to represent the first full week of the calendar year; the second two figures represent the year. For example, 0101 means the 1st week of 2001. *: The DOT symbol certifies that the tire conforms to applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards. ! Other markings s13ab0103 The following makings are also placed on the sidewall. ! Maximum permissible inflation pressure s13ab010301 The maximum cold inflation pressure to which this tire may be inflated. For example, “350 kPa (51 PSI) MAX. PRESS” ! Maximum load rating s13ab010302 The load rating at the maximum permissible weight load for this tire. For example, “MAX. LOAD 615 kg (1,356 LBS) @ 350 kPa (51 PSI) MAX. PRESS.” WARNING Maximum load rating applies only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load. ! Construction type s13ab010303 Applicable construction of this tire. For example, “TUBELESS STEEL BELTED RADIAL” ! Construction s13ab010304 The generic name of each cord material used in the plies (both sidewall and tread area) of this tire. For example, “PLIES: TREAD 2 STEEL + 2 POLYESTER + 1 NYLON SIDEWALL 2 POLYESTER” ! Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) s13ab010305 For details, refer to “Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards” P595. & Recommended Tire Inflation Pressure s13ab02 ! Recommended cold tire inflation pressure s13ab0201 For the recommended cold tire inflation pressure for your vehicle’s tires, refer to “Tires” P572. 584 Tire Information ! Vehicle placard s13ab0202 The vehicle placard is affixed to the driver’s side B-pillar. Example: The vehicle placard shows original tire size, recommended cold tire inflation pressure on each tire at maximum loaded vehicle weight, seating capacity and loading information. ! Adverse safety consequences of under-inflation s13ab0203 Driving at high speeds with excessively low tire pressures can cause the tires to flex severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp increase in temperature could cause tread separation, and failure of the tire(s). Possible resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. ! Measuring and adjusting air pressure to achieve proper inflation s13ab0204 Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire (including the spare) at least once a month and before any long journey. Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the specific values. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehicle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure. & Glossary of Tire Terminology s13ab03 . Accessory weight The combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory-installed equipment (whether installed or not). . Bead The part of the tire that is made of – CONTINUED – Tire Information 585 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to fit the rim. . Bead separation A breakdown of the bond between components in the bead. . Bias ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. . Carcass The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, when inflated, bears the load. . Chunking The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall. . Cold tire pressure The pressure in a tire that has been driven less than 1 mile or has been standing for three hours or more. . Cord The strands forming the plies in the tire. . Cord separation The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds. . Cracking Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner liner of the tire extending to cord material. . Curb weight The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine. . Extra load tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and higher inflation pressure than the corresponding standard tire. . Groove The space between two adjacent tread ribs. . Innerliner The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire. . Innerliner separation The parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass. . Intended outboard sidewall (1) The sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or (2) The outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that must always face outward when mounting on a vehicle. . Light truck (LT) tire A tire designated by its manufacturer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles. . Load rating The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure. 586 Tire Information . Maximum inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. . Maximum load rating The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. . Maximum loaded vehicle weight The sum of: (a) Curb weight (b) Accessory weight (c) Vehicle capacity weight (d) Production options weight . Maximum permissible inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. . Measuring rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements. . Normal occupant weight 150 lbs (68 kg) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Occupant distribution Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Open splice Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or innerliner that extends to cord material. . Outer diameter The overall diameter of an inflated new tire. . Overall width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including elevations due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs. . Passenger car tire A tire intended for use on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 lbs (4,535 kg) or less. . Ply A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords. . Ply separation A parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies. . Pneumatic tire A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that, when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the load. . Production options weight The combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 5.1 lbs (2.3 kg) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim. . Radial ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. . Recommended inflation pressure The cold inflation pressure recom- – CONTINUED – Tire Information 587 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects mended by a vehicle manufacturer. . Reinforced tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corresponding standard tire. . Rim A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated. . Rim diameter Nominal diameter of the bead seat. . Rim size designation Rim diameter and width. . Rim type designation The industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code. . Rim width Nominal distance between rim flanges. . Section width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding elevations due to labeling, decoration, or protective bands. . Sidewall That portion of a tire between the tread and bead. . Sidewall separation The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall. . Snow tire A tire that attains a traction index equal to or greater than 110, compared to the ASTM E1136-93 Standard Reference Test Tire, when using the snow traction test as described in ASTM F-1805-00, Standard Test Method for Single Wheel Driving Traction in a Straight Line on Snow-and Ice-Covered Surfaces, and that is marked with an Alpine Symbol “ ” on at least one sidewall. . Test rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and it may be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that tire. . Tread That portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. . Tread rib A tread section running circumferentially around a tire. . Tread separation Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass. . Treadwear indicators (TWI) The projections within the principal grooves designed to give a visual indication of the degrees of wear of the tread. . Vehicle capacity weight The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lbs (68 kg) times the vehicle’s designated seating capacity. . Vehicle maximum load on the tire Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two. . Vehicle normal load on the tire Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal oc- 588 Tire Information cupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section) and dividing by 2. . Wheel-holding fixture The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire assembly securely during testing. Table 1 Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities Designated seating capacity, number of occupants Vehicle normal load, number of occupants Occupant distribution in a normally loaded vehicle 2 through 4 2 2 in front. 5 through 10 3 2 in front, 1 in second seat. 11 through 15 5 2 in front, 1 in second seat, 1 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat. 16 through 22 7 2 in front, 2 in second seat, 2 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat. – CONTINUED – Tire Information 589 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects & Tire Care – Maintenance and Safety Practices s13ab04 . Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. . Inspect the tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible. When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at even low speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. Possible resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident. . To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniformly, it is best to rotate the tires every 6,000 miles (10,000 km). Rotating the tires involves switching the front and rear tires on the right-hand side of the vehicle and similarly switching the front and rear tires on the left-hand side of the vehicle. (Each tire must be kept on its original side of the vehicle.) Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tire at the time of rotation. After tire rotation, adjust the tire pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened. For information about the tightening torque and tightening sequence for the wheel nuts, refer to “Flat Tires” P488. & Vehicle Load Limit – How to Determine s13ab05 The load capacity of your vehicle is determined by weight, not by available cargo space. The load limit of your vehicle is shown on the vehicle placard attached to the driver’s side B-pillar. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle’s placard. The vehicle placard also shows seating capacity of your vehicle. The total load capacity includes the total weight of driver and all passengers and their belongings, any cargo, any optional equipment such as a trailer hitch, roof rack or bike carrier, etc., and the tongue load of a trailer. Therefore cargo capacity can be calculated by the following method. Cargo capacity = Load limit − (total weight of occupants + total weight of optional equipment + tongue load of a trailer (if applicable)) For towing capacity information and weight limits, refer to “Trailer Towing ( O u t b a c k / S u b a r u O u t b a c k Wilderness)” P473. 590 Tire Information ! Calculating total and load capacities varying seating configurations s13ab0501 Calculate the available load capacity as shown in the following examples: Example 1A Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 800 lbs (363 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard with the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 363 kg or 800 lbs”. For example, if the vehicle has one occupant weighing 154 lbs (70 kg) plus cargo weighing 551 lbs (250 kg). 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity by subtracting the total weight from the vehicle capacity weight of 800 lbs (363 kg). 3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 95 lbs (43 kg) of cargo can be carried. Example 1B For example, if a person weighing 176 lbs (80 kg) now enters the same vehicle (bringing the number of occupants to two), the calculations are as follows: 1. Calculate the total weight. – CONTINUED – Tire Information 591 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The total weight now exceeds the capacity weight by 81 lbs (37 kg), so the cargo weight must be reduced by 81 lbs (37 kg) or more. Example 2A (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness only) CAUTION Legacy: Your vehicle is neither designed nor intended to be used for trailer towing. Therefore, never tow a trailer with your vehicle. Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 800 lbs (363 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard with the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 363 kg or 800 lbs”. For example, the vehicle has one occupant weighing 165 lbs (75 kg) plus cargo weighing 265 lbs (120 kg). In addition, the vehicle is fitted with a trailer hitch weighing 22 lbs (10 kg), to which is attached a trailer weighing 1,764 lbs (800 kg). 10% of the trailer weight is applied to the trailer tongue (i.e. Tongue load = 176 lbs (80 kg)). 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 172 lbs (78 kg) of cargo can be carried. 592 Tire Information Example 2B (Outback/Subaru Outback Wilderness only) CAUTION Legacy: Your vehicle is neither designed nor intended to be used for trailer towing. Therefore, never tow a trailer with your vehicle. For example, if a person weighing 143 lbs (65 kg) and a child weighing 40 lbs (18 kg) now enter the same vehicle (bringing the number of occupants to three), and a child restraint system weighing 11 lbs (5 kg) is installed in the vehicle for the child to use, the calculations are as follows: 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The total weight now exceeds the capacity weight by 22 lbs (10 kg), so the cargo weight must be reduced by 22 lbs (10 kg) or more. & Determining Compatibility of Tire and Vehicle Load Capacities s13ab06 The sum of four tires’ maximum load ratings must exceed the maximum loaded vehicle weight (“GVWR”). In addition, sum of the maximum load ratings of two front tires and of two rear tires must exceed each axle’s maximum loaded capacity (“GAWR”). Original equipment tires are designed to fulfill those conditions. The maximum loaded vehicle weight is referred to Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). And each axle’s maximum loaded capacity is referred to Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). The GVWR and each axle’s GAWR are shown on the vehicle certification label affixed to the driver’s door. The GVWR and front and rear – CONTINUED – Tire Information 593 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects GAWRs are determined by not only the maximum load rating of tires but also loaded capacities of the vehicle’s suspension, axles and other parts of the body. Therefore, this means that the vehicle cannot necessarily be loaded up to the tire’s maximum load rating on the tire sidewall. & Adverse Safety Consequences of Overloading on Handling and Stopping and on Tires s13ab07 Overloading could affect vehicle handling, stopping distance, vehicle and tire as shown in the following. This could lead to an accident and possibly result in severe personal injury. . Vehicle stability will deteriorate. . Heavy and/or high-mounted loads could increase the risk of rollover. . Stopping distance will increase. . Brakes could overheat and fail. . Suspension, bearings, axles and other parts of the body could break or experience accelerated wear that will shorten vehicle life. . Tires could fail. . Tread separation could occur. . Tire could separate from its rim. & Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit s13ab08 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1,400 lbs (635 kg) and there will be five 150 lbs (68 kg) passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs (1,400 − 750 (5 6 150) = 650 lbs). 5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. 594 Tire Information 13-3. Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards s13ac This information indicates the relative performance of passenger car tires in the area of treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. This is to aid the consumer in making an informed choice in the purchase of tires. Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: TREADWEAR 200 TRACTION AA TEMPERATURE A The quality grades apply to new pneumatic tires for use on passenger cars. However, they do not apply to deep tread, winter type snow tires, space-saver or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 12 inches or less, or to some limited production tires. All passenger car tires must conform to Federal Safety Requirements in addition to these grades. & TREADWEAR s13ac02 The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and one-half (1- 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate. & TRACTION AA, A, B, C s13ac03 The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C. Those grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. WARNING The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straightahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics. & TEMPERATURE A, B, C s13ac04 The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature – CONTINUED – Uniform Tire Quality Grading Standards 595 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects can lead to sudden tire failure. The grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standard No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. WARNING The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure. 13-4. Reporting Safety Defects (USA) s13ah If you believe that your vehicle has a defect which could cause a crash or could cause injury or death, you should immediately inform the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in addition to notifying Subaru of America, Inc. If NHTSA receives similar complaints, it may open an investigation, and if it finds that a safety defect exists in a group of vehicles, it may order a recall and remedy campaign. However, NHTSA cannot become involved in individual problems between you, your dealer, or Subaru of America, Inc. To contact NHTSA, you may call the Vehicle Safety Hotline toll-free at 1- 888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424- 9153); go to http://www.safercar. gov; or write to: Administrator, NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE, West Building, Washington, DC 20590. You can also obtain other information about motor vehicle safety from http://www.safercar. gov. 596 Reporting Safety Defects (USA) 13-5. How to Contact Transport Canada in Order to Report a Safety Concern Relating to the Vehicle (Canada) s13cf How to Contact Transport Canada in Order to Report a Safety Concern Relating to the Vehicle (Canada) 597 13 Consumer Information and Reporting Safety Defects s14 Index 14 Index 1 11.6-inch display models. P218 A Abbreviation P4 ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) . P384 Warning light . P191 Access key Warning indicator. P197 Access key fob . P119 Accessories P554 Accessory power outlet P336 Activation of valet mode . P259 Adjustable storage net P349 Air cleaner element P532 Air conditioner Automatic climate control P314 Manual climate control system P316 Air filtration system P322 Airflow mode selection P316 Alarm system P146 All season tires P538 All-Wheel Drive warning light. P195 Alloy wheel . P546 Cleaning . P512 Antenna P326 Printed antenna . P326 Roof antenna P326 Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) . P384 Arming the system . P147 Armrest P47 Ashtray . P340 Assist grip . P340 AT OIL TEMP warning light P189 Audio Antenna P326 Set . P326 Auto dimmer cancel function P182 Auto on/off headlights . P261 Sensor P263 Auto Start Stop ON/OFF icon. P221, P249 Auto Start Stop system . P400 Indicator light . P205, P400 No Activity Detected indicator light . P205, P404 OFF indicator light P204, P403 Warning light . P204, P403 Auto Vehicle Hold. P396 Indicator light . P194 Auto Vehicle Hold function. P396 Auto Vehicle Hold icon P222, P249 Auto Vehicle Hold Indicator Light P194 Auto-dimming mirror/compass P277 Automatic climate control operation P314 Automatic headlight beam leveler . P269 Warning light . P204 Automatic Locking Retractor/Emergency Locking Retractor (ALR/ELR) P48 B Backup light. P558 Battery P552 Drainage prevention function . P145 600 Index Jump starting P493 Replacement (access key fob) . P134, P562 Replacement (remote engine start transmitter) P372 Replacement (transmitter) P140, P563 Vehicle battery. P552 Blind Spot Detection (BSD). P413 Booster cushion. P70 Booster seat P70 Bottle holder P335 Brake Assist . P383 Disc . P573 Fluid P536, P570 Pad P573 Parking. P394 Pedal . P537 Brake system P382 Warning light . P192 Braking. P382 Tips P382 BSD/RCTA P413 Approach indicator light/warning buzzer P416 OFF indicator . P206, P418 Warning indicator P206, P419 Warning volume. P417 Bulb Chart P574 Replacement . P554 C Camera Front view monitor P405 Rear view camera P408 Smart Rearview Mirror camera P290 Cargo area Cover . P343 Light . P331 Tie-down hooks . P348 Catalytic converter P449 Center console. P333 Center information display (CID) P216 11.6-inch display models . P218 Cleaning . P515 Dual 7.0-inch display models . P242 Changing Coolant . P531 Flat tire . P488 Oil and oil filter P529 Charge warning light. P189 CHECK ENGINE warning light/Malfunction indicator light . P188 Checking Coolant level . P530 Fluid level (brake fluid) P536 Fluid level (washer fluid) . P546 Oil level (engine oil) P527 Child restraint systems P61 Installation of a booster cushion P70 Installation of a booster seat. P70 Installation with ALR/ELR seatbelt. P66 Index 601 14 Index Lower and tether anchorages (LATCH). P72 Top tether anchorages P77 Child safety. P5 Locks . P150 Chime Key reminder. P175 Light. P260 Seatbelt . P49, P183 Cleaning Alloy wheels P512 Center information display P515 Interior P513 Ventilation grille . P321 Climate control system . P309 Automatic . P314 Manual . P316 Clock P256 Coat hook . P341 Combination meter display (color LCD) P207 Compass . P277, P285 Console Center P333 Overhead P334 Continuously variable transmission (CVT). P374 Fluid P535, P570 Oil temperature warning light (AT OIL TEMP) P189 Control switch light. P260 Convenient tie-down hooks . P348 Coolant P530, P571 Cooling system P530 Corrosion protection. P512 Crossbars P463 Cup holder. P334 Front passenger’s P334 Rear passenger’s. P335 D Daytime running light (DRL) system P267 Deactivation of valet mode P260 Defogger . P275 Defrosting P320 Deicer . P275 Differential gear oil Front P535, P570 Rear . P535, P570 Dimensions P566 Disarming the alarm system P148 Disc brake pad wear warning indicators P383 Display Off. P223 Dome light . P330 Door Locks P142 Open indicator . P194 Step light. P560 Unlock selection function. P128 Double trip meter P180 Drainage reduction functions P178 Drive belts . P535 Driver Monitoring System P434 OFF indicator light P207 Operation indicator light P206 Temporary stop indicator light P207 602 Index Warning light . P206 DriverFocus P434 Driving All-Wheel Drive model P451 Drinking P7 Drugs . P7 Foreign countries . P450 Off road P452 Pets . P9 Snowy and icy roads P457 Tips. P379, P451 Tired or sleepy P8 Winter P456 Dual 7.0-inch display models. P242 E Electrical system P571 Electronic Brake Force Distribution (EBD) system P384 Warning P193 Electronic parking brake . P394 Automatic release function by accelerator pedal P396 Indicator light. P193 Switch P394 Warning. P193, P399 Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR) P48 Engine P567 Compartment overview. P525 Coolant P530, P571 Exhaust gas (carbon monoxide) . P7, P448 Hood P523 Hood open warning light. P195 Hood release knob . P523 Low oil level warning indicator . P189 Oil P527, P568 Overheating. P496 Starting & stopping. P361, P363 Event data recorder P11 Exterior care P510 F Flat tires P488 Floor mat. P342 Fluid Fluid level . P570 Fluid level Brake P536 Continuously variable transmission. P535 Fog light P269 Indicator light . P204 Switch. P269 Front Differential gear oil . P535, P570 Fog light P269 Fog light indicator light P204 Fog light switch P269 Passenger’s frontal airbag ON and OFF indicators P187 Passenger’s seatbelt warning light . P183 Seatbelt pretensioners . P57 Turn signal light . P555 View monitor . P405 View monitor switch P405 Index 603 14 Index Front seats P28 Forward and backward adjustment P31 Head restraint adjustment . P37 Manual seat P31 Memory function P34 Power seat P32 Reclining P31 Seat heater P39, P319 Seat height adjustment (Driver’s seat) P31 Seat ventilation. P40, P320 Fuel P354, P567 Consumption indicator P212 Economy hints. P448 Filler lid and cap P355 Gauge P180 Requirements. P354, P567 Tank capacity P567 Fuses . P553 G Gasoline . P354 GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating) P461 Glove box . P333 GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating) P461 H Hands-free Power Rear Gate function P165 Hazard warning flasher P178, P484 Head restraint adjustment Front seat . P37 Rear seat P45 Headlight. P261 Beam leveler . P269 Control switch P260 Flasher . P264 Indicator light . P204 Welcome lighting function P262 Heated Steering Wheel system P303 High Beam Assist Function P264 Indicator P203 High beam indicator light. P203 High/low beam change (dimmer) P263 Hill descent control . P391 Indicator P205 HomeLink® . P277, P285 Hook Coat . P341 Convenient tie-down. P348 Shopping bag P342 Towing and tie-down. P497 Horn . P304 Hose and connections. P530 I Icy road surface warning indicator P206 Ignition switch P174 Light . P175 Illumination brightness control P181 Immobilizer P136 Indicator light Auto Start Stop P205 604 Index Auto Start Stop No Activity Detected P205 Auto Start Stop OFF P204 Auto Vehicle Hold P194 BSD/RCTA OFF . P206, P418 Door open. P194 Driver Monitoring System OFF P207 Driver Monitoring System operation . P206 Driver Monitoring System temporary stop P207, P441 Electronic parking brake . P193 Front fog light P204 Front passenger’s frontal airbag ON and OFF. P187 Headlight P204 High beam P203 High beam assist P203, P264 Hill descent control P205 Immobilizer . P202 Intelligent (I) mode P203, P380 Malfunction . P188 RAB OFF P206 Security . P136, P202 Select lever/Gear position . P203 SI-DRIVE P203 Sonar Audible Alarm OFF. P207 Sport Sharp (S#) mode . P203, P380 Steering Responsive Headlight OFF P204 Turn signal P203 Vehicle Dynamics Control OFF P197 Vehicle Dynamics Control operation. P196 X-MODE. P205 Indicator/Indicator light High Beam Assist P264 Inside mirror P277 Interior lights P330 Internal trunk lid release handle . P154 J Jack and jack handle P486 Jack-up point . P488 Jump starting . P493 K Key. P119 Number plate. P119 Positions . P174 Reminder chime. P175 Replacement . P136 Keyless access with push-button start system . P119 Disabling keyless access functions. P131 Locking and unlocking doors . P124 Opening trunk P128 Warning chimes and warning indicator P134, P197 When access key fob does not operate properly P134, P178, P366, P502 Keyless entry system P137 L Lane Change Assist (LCA) P414 Lap belt pretensioner P59 Leather seat materials. P514 LED headlight warning light . P204, P555 LED headlights. P555 Lifting Cargo Cover. P343 Index 605 14 Index Light Backup . P558 Cargo area . P331 Control switch . P260 Daytime running P267 Dome . P330 Door step P560 Front fog. P269 Front side marker P261 Ignition switch . P175 Map . P330 Rear combination. P556 Rear gate . P331 Rear side marker light P557 Rear turn signal P270, P556 Side turn signal . P575 Trunk P560 Turn signal. P270, P555 Vanity mirror P332 Loading your vehicle P460 Low tire pressure warning light P189 Lower anchors and tethers for children (LATCH) . P72 Lower and top tether anchorage P72 M Maintenance Precautions. P519 Schedule P519 Seatbelt P55 Tips P521 Tools P486 Malfunction indicator light (CHECK ENGINE warning light) P188 Manual Climate control. P316 Mode (continuously variable transmission) P378 Rear gate P156 Seat P31 Map light . P330 Maximum load limits . P474 Meters and gauges. P179 Mirror defogger P275 Mirrors P277 Moonroof. P167 Switch. P167 N New vehicle break-in driving P448 O Odometer P179 Off road driving P452 Oil filter . P529 Oil level Engine P527 Front differential gear . P535 Rear differential gear P535 Warning light . P189 Oil pressure warning light P189 On-road and off-road driving P9, P452 One-touch lane changer P270 606 Index Outside Mirror defogger P275 Mirrors P299 Overhead console P334 Overheating engine P496 P Parking. P394 Brake . P394 Tips P399 Passenger seatbelt reminder. P183 Periodic inspections . P450 Petrol fuel . P354 PIN Code Access P128 Power Folding mirror switch P301 Outlets . P336 Outside mirrors. P300, P301 Rear gate . P157 Seat . P32 Steering P381 Steering warning light. P195 Window switches . P151 Windows. P150 Precautions against vehicle modification P60, P113 Preparing to drive P360 Printed antenna . P326 Push-button Ignition switch . P176 Starting and stopping engine. P363 R Rear Combination lights P556 Differential gear oil . P535, P570 Gate light P331 Turn signal light . P556 View camera . P408 Rear Cross Traffic Alert (RCTA) . P414 Rear gate P156, P504 Manual . P156 Power . P157 Rear Seat Reminder . P60 Rear seatbelt warning light P185 Rear seats. P41 Armrest P47 Folding down P42 Head restraint adjustment P45 Heater . P39 Reclining P42 Rear view camera P408 Rear window Defogger. P275 Wiper and washer switch P274 Wiper blade rubber. P550 Wiper blades . P550 Recommended Brake fluid. P570 Continuously variable transmission fluid P570 Engine oil P568 Front differential gear oil . P535, P570 Rear differential gear oil P535, P570 Index 607 14 Index Spark plugs. P571 Refueling P355 Remote control mirror switch. P300 Remote engine start system P367 Remote keyless entry system P137 Replacing battery P140, P561 Replacement Access key fob battery P134, P562 Air cleaner element P532 Brake pad . P537 Cabin air filter P323 Key P136 Remote engine start transmitter battery P372 Remote keyless entry transmitter battery . P140, P563 Tire P545 Wheel. P546 Wiper blade rubber P547 Wiper blades . P547 Replacing bulbs. P554 Backup light P558 Door step light. P560 Front turn signal light . P555 Headlight P555 Rear combination light P556 Rear side marker light P557 Rear turn signal light P556 Trunk light. P560 Reverse Automatic Braking (RAB) system OFF indicator P206 ON/OFF setting . P432 Warning indicator. P206 Rocking the vehicle P460 Roof Antenna P326 Molding and crossbar . P462 Rails with integrated crossbars P463 Roof tent . P468 S Safety Precautions when driving . P5 Symbol P4 Warnings P3 Seat Fabric . P513 Front . P28 Heater . P39 Height adjustment . P31 Manual P31 Memory function . P34 Power P32 Rear P41 Ventilation P40 Seatbelt. P5, P47 Extender P55 Fastening . P49 Maintenance. P55 Pretensioners . P57 Safety tips P47 Warning light and chime P49, P183 Security Alarm system. P146 608 Index Immobilizer . P136 Indicator light P136, P202 Select lever. P375 Position indicator . P203 Shift lock function P377 Shift paddle. P378 Shopping bag hook P342 Shoulder pretensioners. P58 SI-DRIVE P380 Indicator light. P203 Intelligent (I) mode indicator . P203, P380 Mode P380 Sport Sharp (S#) mode indicator P203, P380 Switch P380 Smart Rearview Mirror P285 Snow tires P458, P538 Snowy and icy roads P457 Sonar Audible Alarm OFF indicator P207 Sounding a panic alarm P140 Spark plugs P534, P571 Specifications P566 Speedometer. P179 SRS airbag (Supplemental Restraint System airbag). P5, P81 System monitors. P111 System servicing P112 System warning light P90, P111, P186 Starting & stopping engine . P361, P363 State emission testing (U.S. only) P359 Steering lock P363, P366 Steering Responsive Headlight (SRH) P267 OFF indicator light P204, P267 OFF switch P267 Warning light . P204 Steering wheel Heated Steering Wheel system P303 Heater P303 Lock . P363, P366 Power . P381 Tilt/telescopic. P303 Warning light . P195 Storage compartment P333 Summer tires . P538 Sun visors . P332 Sunshade P168 Supplemental Restraint System (SRS) P81 Supplemental Restraint System airbag (SRS) P81 Curtain airbag P104 Side airbag P104 Synthetic leather upholstery. P514 T Tachometer P179 Temperature gauge. P181 Temperature warning light AT OIL TEMP P189 Temporary spare tire. P484 Tether (child restraint system) P72, P77 Tie-down hooks P497 Tilt/telescopic steering wheel . P303 Tire. P538, P572 All season . P538 Index 609 14 Index Chains P459 Information P582 Inspection . P540 Pressures and wear . P540 Replacement . P545 Rotation P544 Size and pressure P572 Summer P538 Types . P538 Winter (snow) P538 Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS). P189, P392, P492, P538 Screen . P393 Warning light . P189 Tires and wheels . P538 Tools P486 Top tether anchorages. P72, P77 Towing P497 All wheels on the ground P501 Flat-bed truck P500 Hooks. P497 Tie-down hooks . P497 Weight P474 Trailer Connecting . P471 Hitch (Outback) . P470 Towing (Legacy) P473 Towing (Outback). P473 Towing tips P478 Trip meter . P180 Trunk lid . P153 Opener button . P154 Release handle P154 Trunk light . P560 Turn signal Indicator lights . P203 Lever P270 U Under-floor storage compartment . P349 USB power supply P338 V Valet mode P149, P259 Vanity mirror P332 Light . P332 Vehicle Capacity weight . P461 Identification P578 Symbols. P5 Vehicle Dynamics Control icon . P222 Vehicle Dynamics Control system. P385 OFF indicator light P197 Operation indicator light P196 Warning light . P196 Ventilator . P308 W Warning and indicator lights. P183 Warning chimes Driver Monitoring System P441 Keyless access with push-button start system . P197 610 Index Seatbelt . P49, P183 Warning indicator Access key P134, P197 BSD/RCTA P206 Engine low oil level P189 Icy road surface. P206 Keyless access with push-button start system P134, P197 RAB P206, P433 Warning light ABS . P191 All-Wheel Drive P195 AT OIL TEMP P189 Auto Start Stop P204 Automatic headlight beam leveler P204 Brake system P192 Charge . P189 CHECK ENGINE . P188 Driver Monitoring System P206 Engine hood open . P195 Front passenger’s seatbelt P183 LED headlight . P204 Low fuel P194 Low tire pressure . P189 Oil pressure P189 Power steering P195 Rear seatbelt. P185 Seatbelt P183 SRS airbag system P186 Steering Responsive Headlight P204 Vehicle Dynamics Control . P196 Windshield washer fluid P195 Warranties P2 Warranties and maintenance . P474 Washing P510 Waxing and polishing P511 Wear indicators P543 Welcome lighting function P262 Wheel Alloy . P546 Balance P542 Nut tightening torque P572 Replacement . P546 Windows . P150 Windshield Washer fluid P546 Washer fluid warning light . P195 Wiper and washer switches. P272 Wiper blades . P548 Wiper deicer P275 Winter Driving P456 Tires . P458, P538 Wiper and washer P271 Wiper deicer P275 X X-MODE P388 Indicator P205 Index 611 14 Index GAS STATION REFERENCE S99AA & Fuel S99AA01 Use only unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher. & Fuel Octane Rating S99AA02 ! RON S99AA0201 This octane rating is the Research Octane Number. ! AKI S99AA0202 This octane rating is the average of the Research Octane and Motor Octane numbers and is commonly referred to as the Anti Knock Index (AKI). & Limit of Ethanol Content S99AA09 No more than 15% & Fuel Tank Capacity S99AA03 18.5 US gal (70 liters, 15.4 Imp gal) & Engine Oil S99AA04 Use only the following oils. . API classification SN with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING”, SN PLUS with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or SP with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” . or ILSAC GF-5 or GF-6A, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark) For the complete viscosity requirements, refer to “Engine Oil” P568. & Engine Oil Capacity S99AA05 2.5 L models: 4.4 US qt (4.2 liters, 3.7 Imp qt) 2.4 L models: 4.8 US qt (4.5 liters, 4.0 Imp qt) The indicated oil quantity is only a guideline and is estimated based on a case when the engine oil is changed with an oil filter. After refilling the engine with oil, the oil level should be checked using an oil level gauge. For more details about maintenance and service, refer to “Engine Oil” P527. & Cold Tire Pressure S99AA06 Refer to “Tires” P572.

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