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Owner Manual
2016MY Forester Owner’s Manual
MSA5M1602A
Foreword
Congratulations on choosing a SUBARU vehicle. This Owner’s Manual has all the information necessary to keep your SUBARU in excellent condition and to properly maintain the emission control system for minimizing emission pollutants. We urge you to read this manual carefully so that you may understand your vehicle and its operation. For information not found in this Owner’s Manual, such as details concerning repairs or adjustments, please contact the SUBARU dealer from whom you purchased your SUBARU or the nearest SUBARU dealer.
The information, specifications and illustrations found in this manual are those in effect at the time of printing. FUJI HEAVY INDUSTRIES LTD. reserves the right to change specifications and designs at any time without prior notice and without incurring any obligation to make the same or similar changes on vehicles previously sold. This Owner’s Manual applies to all models and covers all equipment, including factory installed options. Some explanations, therefore may be for equipment not installed in your vehicle.
Please leave this manual in the vehicle at the time of resale. The next owner will need the information found herein.
Table of contents
Seat, seatbelt and SRS airbags | 1 |
Keys and doors | 2 |
Instruments and controls | 3 |
Climate control | 4 |
Audio | 5 |
Interior equipment | 6 |
Starting and operating | 7 |
Driving tips | 8 |
In case of emergency | 9 |
Appearance care | 10 |
Maintenance and service | 11 |
Specifications | 12 |
Consumer information and Reporting safety defects | 13 |
Index | 14 |
MSA5M1602A
https://techinfo.subaru.com/stis/doc/ownerManual/MSA5M1602ASTIS071315.pdf
https://static.oemdtc.com/OwnerManual/MSA5M1602A.pdf
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SEOCONTENT-START
11-3 Maintenance precautions. 11-3 Before checking or servicing in the engine compartment 11-4 When checking or servicing in the engine compartment while the engine is running 11-5 Maintenance tips 11-5 Removing and reinstalling clips 11-5 Engine hood . 11-7 Engine compartment overview 11-8 Non-turbo models 11-8 Turbo models. 11-9 Engine oil 11-10 Engine oil consumption 11-10 Checking the oil level . 11-10 Changing the oil and oil filter 11-11 Recommended grade and viscosity 11-13 Synthetic oil. 11-13 Cooling system 11-13 Cooling fan, hose and connections. 11-14 Engine coolant . 11-14 Air cleaner element 11-15 Replacing the air cleaner element . 11-16 Spark plugs 11-17 Recommended spark plugs 11-17 Drive belts 11-18 Manual transmission oil 11-18 Recommended grade and viscosity 11-18 Continuously variable transmission fluid. 11-18 Front differential gear oil (CVT models) and rear differential gear oil 11-19 Recommended grade and viscosity 11-19 Brake fluid 11-19 Checking the fluid level 11-19 Recommended brake fluid . 11-20 Clutch fluid (MT models) . 11-20 Checking the fluid level 11-20 Recommended clutch fluid. 11-21 Brake booster 11-21 Brake pedal 11-21 Checking the brake pedal free play 11-21 Checking the brake pedal reserve distance. 11-22 Clutch pedal (MT models) . 11-22 Checking the clutch function 11-22 Checking the clutch pedal free play 11-22 Hill start assist system 11-23 Replacement of brake pad and lining 11-23 Breaking-in of new brake pads and linings . 11-23 Parking brake stroke . 11-24 Tires and wheels 11-24 Types of tires. 11-24 Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) (if equipped) 11-25 Tire inspection. 11-26 Tire pressures and wear 11-26 Wheel balance . 11-28 Wear indicators . 11-29 Tire rotation direction mark 11-29 Tire rotation. 11-30 Maintenance and service 11 Maintenance and service Tire replacement 11-30 Wheel replacement. 11-31 Aluminum wheels. 11-31 Windshield washer fluid 11-32 Replacement of wiper blades 11-33 Windshield wiper blade assembly . 11-34 Windshield wiper blade rubber . 11-34 Rear window wiper blade assembly 11-35 Rear window wiper blade rubber. 11-36 Battery. 11-37 Fuses 11-38 Installation of accessories. 11-39 Replacing bulbs. 11-40 Headlights (models with HID headlights). 11-40 Headlights (models without HID headlights) 11-40 Front turn signal light, front side marker light and parking light . 11-41 Parking light 11-42 Front fog light (if equipped) 11-42 Rear combination lights . 11-42 License plate light . 11-43 Other bulbs . 11-44 Battery replacement 11-44 Replacing battery of access key. 11-45 Replacing transmitter battery . 11-46 Maintenance schedule The scheduled maintenance items required to be serviced at regular intervals are shown in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. For details of your maintenance schedule, read the separate “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. NOTE For models with a multi function display, you can set a reminder to be displayed when a scheduled maintenance item is almost due. For details, refer to “Maintenance settings” F3-67. Maintenance precautions When maintenance and service are required, it is recommended that all work be done by an authorized SUBARU dealer. If you perform maintenance and service by yourself, you should familiarize yourself with the information provided in this section on general maintenance and service for your SUBARU. Incorrect or incomplete service could cause improper or unsafe vehicle operation. Any problems caused by improper maintenance and service performed by you are not eligible for warranty coverage. WARNING . Always select a safe area when performing maintenance on your vehicle. . Always be very careful to avoid injury when working on the vehicle. Remember that some of the materials in the vehicle may be hazardous if improperly used or handled, for example, battery acid. . Your vehicle should only be serviced by persons fully competent to do so. Serious personal injury may result to persons not experienced in servicing vehicles. . Always use the proper tools and make certain that they are well maintained. . Never get under the vehicle supported only by a jack. Always use safety stands to support the vehicle. . Never keep the engine running in a poorly ventilated area, such as a garage or other closed areas. . Do not smoke or allow open flames around the fuel or battery. This will cause a fire. . Because the fuel system is under pressure, replacement of the fuel filter should be performed only by your SUBARU dealer. . Wear adequate eye protection to guard against getting oil or fluids in your eyes. If something does get in your eyes, thoroughly wash them out with clean water. . Do not tamper with the wiring of the SRS airbag system or seatbelt pretensioner system, or attempt to take its connectors apart, as that may activate the system or it can render it inop- Maintenance and service/Maintenance schedule – CONTINUED – 11-3 Maintenance and service/Maintenance precautions erative. NEVER use a circuit tester for this wiring. If your SRS airbag or seatbelt pretensioner needs service, consult your nearest SUBARU dealer. NOTE SUBARU does not endorse the use of non-SUBARU approved flushing systems and strongly advises against performing these services on a SUBARU vehicle. Non-SUBARU approved flushing systems use chemicals and/or solvents which have not been tested or approved by SUBARU. SUBARU warranties do not cover any part of the vehicle which is damaged by adding or applying chemicals and/or solvents other than those approved or recommended by SUBARU. & Before checking or servicing in the engine compartment WARNING . Always stop the engine and set the parking brake firmly to prevent the vehicle from moving. . Always let the engine cool down. Engine parts become very hot when the engine is running and remain hot for some time after the engine has stopped. . Do not spill engine oil, engine coolant, brake fluid or any other fluid on hot engine components. This may cause a fire. . Always remove the key from the ignition switch. When the ignition switch is in the “ON” position, the cooling fan may operate suddenly even when the engine is stopped. If your body or clothes come into contact with a rotating fan, that could result in serious injury. . Before performing any servicing on a vehicle equipped with a remote engine start system (a dealer option) temporarily place that system in the service mode to prevent it from unexpectedly starting the engine. CAUTION . Do not contact the drive belt cover while checking the components in the engine compartment. Doing so may cause your hand to slip off the cover and result in an unexpected injury. . Do not touch the oil filter until the engine has cooled down completely. Doing so may result in a burn or other injury. Note that the oil filter becomes very hot when the engine is running and remains hot for some time after the engine has stopped. 11-4 & When checking or servicing in the engine compartment while the engine is running WARNING A running engine can be dangerous. Keep your fingers, hands, clothing, hair and tools away from the cooling fan, drive belt and any other moving engine parts. Removing rings, watches and ties is advisable. Maintenance tips Some clips and fender linings must be removed before replacing the air cleaner elements or specific bulbs. & Removing and reinstalling clips ! Removing clips There are several types of clips used for your vehicle. ! Type A clips 1. Turn the clips counterclockwise using a flat-head screwdriver until the center portion of the clip is raised. 2. Remove the clips with a flat-head screwdriver using leverage. 3. Remove the entire clip by pulling it up. ! Type B clips 1. Pull out the center portion of the clip using a flat-head screwdriver as shown in the illustration. 2. Pull the protruded center portion to remove the entire body of the clip. Maintenance and service/Maintenance tips – CONTINUED – 11-5 Maintenance and service/Maintenance tips ! Type C clips 1. Turn the clip counterclockwise using a Phillips screwdriver until the center portion of the clip is raised. 2. Remove the entire clip by pulling it up. ! Reinstalling clips Type A clips Type B clips Type C clips Insert the clip without the center portion first and then push the center portion of the clip into the hole. 11-6 Engine hood To open the hood: 1. If the wiper blades are lifted off the windshield, return them to their original position. 2. Pull the hood release knob under the instrument panel. 3. Release the secondary hood release by moving the lever between the front grille and the hood toward the left. 4. Lift up the hood. To close the hood: 1. Lower the hood to a height of approximately 5.9 in (15 cm) above its closed position and then let it drop. 2. After closing the hood, be sure the hood is securely locked. If this does not close the hood, release it from a slightly higher position. Do not push the hood forcibly to close it. It could deform the metal. WARNING Always check that the hood is properly locked before you start driving. If it is not, it might fly open while the vehicle is moving and block your view, which may cause an accident and serious bodily injury. Maintenance and service/Engine hood 11-7 Maintenance and service/Engine compartment overview Engine compartment overview & Non-turbo models 1) Brake fluid reservoir/Clutch fluid reservoir (MT) (page 11-19) 2) Fuse box (page 11-38) 3) Battery (page 11-37) 4) Windshield washer tank (page 11-32) 5) Engine oil filler cap (page 11-10) 6) Engine coolant reservoir (page 11-14) 7) Radiator cap (page 11-14) 8) Engine oil filter (page 11-11) 9) Engine oil level gauge (page 11-10) 10) Air cleaner case (page 11-15) 11-8 & Turbo models 1) Brake fluid reservoir (page 11-19) 2) Fuse box (page 11-38) 3) Battery (page 11-37) 4) Windshield washer tank (page 11-32) 5) Engine oil filler cap (page 11-10) 6) Engine coolant reservoir (page 11-14) 7) Radiator cap (page 11-14) 8) Engine oil filter (page 11-11) 9) Engine oil level gauge (page 11-10) 10) Air cleaner case (page 11-15) Maintenance and service/Engine compartment overview 11-9 Maintenance and service/Engine oil Engine oil CAUTION . If the level gauge is not pulled out easily, twist the level gauge right and left, then pull it out. Otherwise, you may be injured accidentally straining yourself. . Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. . Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. & Engine oil consumption Some engine oil will be consumed while driving. The rate of consumption can be affected by such factors as transmission type, driving style, terrain and temperature. Under the following conditions, oil consumption can be increased and thus require refilling between maintenance intervals: . When the engine is new and within the break-in period . When the engine oil is of lower quality . When the incorrect oil viscosity is used . When engine braking is employed (repeatedly) . When the engine is operated at high engine speeds (for extended periods of time) . When the engine is operated under heavy loads (for extended periods of time) . When towing a trailer . When the engine idles for extended periods of time . When the vehicle is operated in stop and go and/or heavy traffic situations . When the vehicle is used under severe thermal conditions . When the vehicle accelerates and decelerates frequently Under these or similar conditions, you should check your oil at least every 2nd fuel fill-up and change your engine oil more frequently. Different drivers in the same car may experience different results. If your oil consumption rate is greater than expected, contact your authorized SUBARU retailer who may perform a test under controlled conditions. & Checking the oil level 1. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the engine. If you check the oil level just after stopping the engine, wait a few minutes for the oil to drain back into the oil pan before checking the level. 1) Oil level gauge 2) Oil filler cap 3) Oil filter CAUTION If the level gauge cannot be pulled out easily, twist the level gauge right and left, then pull it out. Otherwise, you may be injured by accidentally straining yourself. 2. Pull out the level gauge, wipe it clean, 11-10 and insert it again. 3. Be sure the level gauge is correctly inserted until it stops. 1) Full level 2) Low level 3) Approximately 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) from low level to full level 4. Pull out the oil level gauge again. 5. Check the oil levels on both sides of the level gauge. The engine oil level must be judged by the lowest of the two levels. If the oil level is below the low level mark, add oil so that the full level is reached. CAUTION . Be careful not to touch the engine oil filter when removing the oil filler cap. Doing so may result in a burn, a pinched finger, or may cause some other injury. . Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. . Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine oil gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. To add engine oil, remove the engine oil filler cap and slowly pour engine oil through the filler neck. After pouring oil into the engine, you must use the level gauge to confirm that the oil level is correct. NOTE To prevent overfilling the engine oil, do not add any additional oil above the upper level when the engine is cold. & Changing the oil and oil filter CAUTION If you change your own oil, be sure to drain all the oil from the filter before disposal. Do not dispose of used engine oil by placing it in the trash, or by pouring it onto the ground, into sewers, or into any body of water. Check with your local government office for the proper disposal options available to you. Change the oil and oil filter according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. The engine oil and oil filter must be changed more frequently than listed in the maintenance schedule when driving on dusty roads, when short trips are frequently made, or when driving in extremely cold weather. 1. Warm up the engine by letting the engine idle for approximately 10 minutes to ease draining the engine oil. 2. Park the vehicle on a level surface and stop the engine. 3. Remove the oil filler cap. Maintenance and service/Engine oil – CONTINUED – 11-11 Maintenance and service/Engine oil 4. Drain out the engine oil by removing the drain plug while the engine is still warm. The used oil should be drained into an appropriate container and disposed of properly. WARNING Be careful not to burn yourself with hot engine oil. 5. Wipe the seating surface of the drain plug with a clean cloth and tighten it securely with a new sealing washer after the oil has completely drained out. 6. Remove the oil filter with an oil filter wrench. 7. Before installing a new oil filter, apply a thin coat of engine oil to the seal. 8. Clean the rubber seal seating area of the engine and install the oil filter by hand turning. Be careful not to twist or damage the seal. 9. Tighten the oil filter according to the standard number of rotations after the seal makes contact with the seating surface. CAUTION . Never over tighten the oil filter because that can result in an oil leak. . Thoroughly wipe off any engine oil that has spilled over the exhaust pipe and/or under-cover. If spilled oil is not promptly wiped up, the oil could cause a fire. 10. Pour engine oil through the filler neck. For the oil capacity (guideline), refer to “Engine oil” F12-4. The oil quantity indicated above is only guideline. The necessary quantity of oil depends on the quantity of oil that has been drained. The quantity of drained oil differs slightly depending on the temperature of the oil and the time the oil is left flowing out. After refilling the engine with oil, therefore, you must use the level gauge to confirm that the level is correct. 11. Start the engine and make sure that no oil leaks appear around the filter’s rubber seal and drain plug. 12. Run the engine until it reaches the normal operating temperature. Then stop the engine and wait a few minutes to allow 11-12 the oil drain back. Check the oil level again and if necessary, add more engine oil. CAUTION Be careful not to spill engine oil when adding it. If oil touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. & Recommended grade and viscosity CAUTION Use only engine oil with the recommended grade and viscosity. Refer to “Engine oil” F12-4. NOTE Engine oil viscosity (thickness) affects fuel economy. Oils of lower viscosity provide better fuel economy. However, in hot weather, oil of higher viscosity is required to properly lubricate the engine. & Synthetic oil You should use synthetic engine oil that meets the same requirements given for conventional engine oil. When using synthetic oil, you must use oil of the same classification, viscosity and grade shown in this Owner’s Manual. Refer to “Engine oil” F12-4. Also, you must follow the oil and filter changing intervals shown in the Warranty and Maintenance booklet. NOTE Synthetic oil of the grade and viscosity noted in chapter 12 is the recommended engine oil for optimum engine performance. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable. Cooling system WARNING Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the engine has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is removed. CAUTION . Vehicles are filled at the factory with SUBARU Super Coolant that does not require the first change for 11 years/137,500 miles (11 years/220,000 km). This coolant should not be mixed with any other brand or type of coolant during this period. Mixing with a different coolant will reduce the life of the coolant. Should it be necessary to top up the coolant for any reason, use only SUBARU Super Coolant. If the SUBARU Super Coolant is diluted with another brand or Maintenance and service/Cooling system – CONTINUED – 11-13 Maintenance and service/Cooling system type, the maintenance interval is shortened to that of the mixing coolant. . Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface. & Cooling fan, hose and connections Your vehicle employs an electric cooling fan which is thermostatically controlled to operate when the engine coolant reaches a specific temperature. If the radiator cooling fan does not operate even when the coolant temperature high warning light blinks or illuminates in RED, the cooling fan circuit may be defective. Refer to “Coolant temperature low indicator light/Coolant temperature high warning light” F3-15. Check the fuse and replace it if necessary. Refer to “Fuses” F11-38 and “Fuses and circuits” F12-12. If the fuse is not blown, have the cooling system checked by your SUBARU dealer. If frequent addition of coolant is necessary, there may be a leak in the engine cooling system. It is recommended that the cooling system and connections be checked for leaks, damage, or looseness. & Engine coolant ! Checking the coolant level WARNING Never attempt to remove the radiator cap until the engine has been shut off and has cooled down completely. Since the coolant is under pressure, you may suffer serious burns from a spray of boiling hot coolant when the cap is removed. 1) “FULL” level mark 2) “LOW” level mark Check the coolant level at each fuel stop. 1. Check the coolant level on the outside of the reservoir while the engine is cool. 2. If the level is close to or lower than the “LOW” level mark, add coolant up to the “FULL” level mark. If the reserve tank is empty, remove the radiator cap and refill coolant up to just below the filler neck as shown in the following illustration. 11-14 1) Fill up to this level 3. After refilling the reserve tank and the radiator, reinstall the cap and check that the rubber gaskets inside the radiator cap are in the proper position. CAUTION . Be careful not to spill engine coolant when adding it. If coolant touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If engine coolant gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. . Do not splash the engine coolant over painted parts. The alcohol contained in the engine coolant may damage the paint surface. ! Changing the coolant It may be difficult to change the coolant. Have the coolant changed by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. The coolant should be changed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Air cleaner element WARNING Do not operate the engine with the air cleaner element removed. The air cleaner element not only filters intake air but also stops flames if the engine backfires. If the air cleaner element is not installed when the engine backfires, you could be burned. CAUTION When replacing the air cleaner element, use a genuine SUBARU air cleaner element. If it is not used, there is the possibility of causing a negative effect to the engine. The air cleaner element functions as a filter screen. When the element is perforated or removed, engine wear will be excessive and engine life shortened. It is not necessary to clean or wash the air cleaner element. Maintenance and service/Air cleaner element – CONTINUED – 11-15 Maintenance and service/Air cleaner element & Replacing the air cleaner element Replace the air cleaner element according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Under extremely dusty conditions, replace it more frequently. It is recommended that you always use genuine SUBARU parts. ! Non-turbo models 1) Clip 1. Unsnap the two clips holding the air cleaner case (front). 2. Open the air cleaner case (rear). 3. Remove the air cleaner element. 4. Clean the inside of the air cleaner case (both front and rear) with a damp cloth and install a new air cleaner element. 5. To install the air cleaner case (rear), insert the three projections on the air cleaner case (rear) into the slits on the air cleaner case (front). 6. Install in the reverse order of removal. 11-16 ! Turbo models 1) Clip 1. Unsnap the two clips holding the air cleaner case (rear). 2. Open the air cleaner case and remove the air cleaner element. 3. Clean the inside of the air cleaner case (both front and rear) with a damp cloth and install a new air cleaner element. 4. To install the air cleaner case (rear), insert the three projections on the air cleaner case (rear) into the slits on the air cleaner case (front). 5. Install in the reverse order of removal. Spark plugs It may be difficult to replace the spark plugs. It is recommended that you have the spark plugs replaced by your SUBARU dealer. The spark plugs should be replaced according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. CAUTION Make sure the cables are replaced in the correct order. & Recommended spark plugs For the recommended spark plugs, refer to “Electrical system” F12-10. Maintenance and service/Spark plugs 11-17 Maintenance and service/Drive belts Drive belts It is unnecessary to check the deflection of the drive belt periodically because your engine is equipped with an automatic belt tension adjuster. However, replacement of the belt should be done according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. If the drive belt is loose, cracked or worn, contact your SUBARU dealer. Manual transmission oil It is not necessary to check the transmission oil level. Check that there are no cracks, damage or leakage. However, the oil inspection should be performed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for details. & Recommended grade and viscosity Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and additives. Never use different brands together. For details, refer to “Manual transmission, front differential and rear differential gear oil” F12-7. Continuously variable transmission fluid It is not necessary to check the transmission fluid level. Check that there are no cracks, damage or leakage. However, the fluid inspection should be performed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for details. 11-18 Front differential gear oil (CVT models) and rear differential gear oil It is not necessary to check the gear oil level. Check that there are no cracks, damage or leakage. However, the oil inspection should be performed according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. Consult your SUBARU dealer for details. & Recommended grade and viscosity Each oil manufacturer has its own base oils and additives. Never use different brands together. For details, refer to “Manual transmission, front differential and rear differential gear oil” F12-7. CAUTION Using a differential gear oil other than the specified oil may cause a decline in vehicle performance. Brake fluid & Checking the fluid level WARNING . Never let brake fluid contact your eyes because brake fluid can be harmful to your eyes. If brake fluid gets in your eyes, immediately flush them thoroughly with clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is advisable. . Brake fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moisture can cause a dangerous loss of braking performance. . If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer. CAUTION . When adding brake fluid, be careful not to allow any dirt into the reservoir. . Never splash the brake fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the brake fluid may damage them. . Be careful not to spill brake fluid when adding it. If brake fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If brake fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. 1) “MAX” level line 2) The brake fluid level must be checked in this area. 3) “MIN” level line Check the fluid level monthly. Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. Because this reservoir is used for both the brake and clutch systems and has chambers for each system, be sure to Maintenance and service/Front differential gear oil (CVT models) and rear differential gear oil – CONTINUED – 11-19 Maintenance and service/Clutch fluid (MT models) check the fluid level for the brake system at the front part of the reservoir (shaded area in the illustration). If the fluid level is below “MIN”, add the recommended brake fluid to “MAX”. Use only brake fluid from a sealed container. & Recommended brake fluid Refer to “Fluids” F12-9. CAUTION Never use different brands of brake fluid together. Also, avoid mixing DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids even if they are the same brand. Clutch fluid (MT models) & Checking the fluid level WARNING Never let clutch fluid contact your eyes because clutch fluid can be harmful to your eyes. If clutch fluid gets in your eyes, immediately flush them thoroughly with clean water. For safety, when performing this work, wearing eye protection is advisable. CAUTION . Clutch fluid absorbs moisture from the air. Any absorbed moisture can cause improper clutch operation. . If the vehicle requires frequent refilling, there may be a leak. If you suspect a problem, have the vehicle checked at your SUBARU dealer. . When clutch fluid is added, be careful not to allow any dirt into the tank. . Never splash the clutch fluid over painted surfaces or rubber parts. Alcohol contained in the clutch fluid may damage them. . Be careful not to spill clutch fluid when adding it. If clutch fluid touches the exhaust pipe, it may cause a bad smell, smoke, and/or a fire. If clutch fluid gets on the exhaust pipe, be sure to wipe it off. . The fluid level for the clutch system must be checked at the inboard side of the reservoir. It cannot be checked at the outboard side of the reservoir. 1) “MAX” level line 2) The clutch fluid level must be checked in this area. 3) “MIN” level line 11-20 Check the fluid level monthly. Check the fluid level on the outside of the reservoir. Because this reservoir is used for both the brake and clutch systems and has chambers for each system, be sure to check the fluid level for the clutch system at the inboard side of the reservoir (shaded area in the illustration). If the fluid level is below “MIN”, add the recommended clutch fluid to “MAX”. Use only clutch fluid from a sealed container. & Recommended clutch fluid Refer to “Fluids” F12-9. CAUTION Never use different brands of clutch fluid together. Also, avoid mixing DOT 3 and DOT 4 brake fluids even if they are the same brand. Brake booster If the brake booster does not operate as described in the following, have it checked by your SUBARU dealer. 1. With the engine off, depress the brake pedal several times, applying the same pedal force each time. The distance the pedal travels should not vary. 2. With the brake pedal depressed, start the engine. The pedal should move slightly down to the floor. 3. With the brake pedal depressed, stop the engine and keep the pedal depressed for 30 seconds. The pedal height should not change. 4. Start the engine again and run for approximately one minute then turn it off. Depress the brake pedal several times to check the brake booster. The brake booster operates properly if the pedal stroke decreases with each depression. Brake pedal Check the brake pedal free play and reserve distance according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. & Checking the brake pedal free play 1) 0.02 – 0.11 in (0.5 – 2.7 mm) Stop the engine and firmly depress the brake pedal several times. Lightly pull the brake pedal up with one finger to check the free play with a force of less than 2 lbf (10 N, 1 kgf). If the free play is not within proper specification, contact your SUBARU dealer. Maintenance and service/Brake booster – CONTINUED – 11-21 Maintenance and service/Clutch pedal (MT models) & Checking the brake pedal reserve distance 1) More than 2.56 in (65 mm) Depress the pedal with a force of approximately 66 lbf (294 N, 30 kgf) and measure the distance between the upper surface of the pedal pad and the floor. When the measurement is smaller than the specification, or when the pedal does not operate smoothly, contact with your SUBARU dealer. Clutch pedal (MT models) Check the clutch pedal free play and reserve distance according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. & Checking the clutch function Check the clutch engagement and disengagement. 1. With the engine idling, check that there are no abnormal noises when the clutch pedal is depressed, and that shifting into 1st or reverse feels smooth. 2. Start the vehicle by releasing the pedal slowly to check that the engine and transmission smoothly couple without any sign of slippage. & Checking the clutch pedal free play 1) 0.16 – 0.43 in (4.0 – 11.0 mm) Lightly depress the clutch pedal down with your finger until you feel resistance, and check the free play. If the free play is not within proper specification, contact your SUBARU dealer. 11-22 Hill start assist system Ensure that the Hill start assist system operates properly under the following circumstances. 1. Stop the vehicle on an uphill grade by depressing the brake pedal (all models) and clutch pedal (MT models only), with the engine running. 2. Make sure that the vehicle does not move backward for several seconds after the brake pedal is released. 3. Then make sure the vehicle starts climbing the grade by following the normal starting procedures. If the Hill start assist system does not operate as described above, contact your SUBARU dealer. Replacement of brake pad and lining The disc brakes have audible wear indicators on the brake pads. If the brake pads wear close to their service limit, the wear indicator makes a very audible scraping noise when the brake pedal is applied. If you hear this scraping noise each time you apply the brake pedal, have the brake pads serviced by your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. CAUTION If you continue to drive despite the scraping noise from the audible brake pad wear indicator, it will result in the need for costly brake rotor repair or replacement. & Breaking-in of new brake pads and linings When replacing the brake pad or lining, use only genuine SUBARU parts. After replacement, the new parts must be broken in as follows. ! Brake pad and lining While maintaining a speed of 30 to 40 mph (50 to 65 km/h), step on the brake pedal lightly. Repeat this five or more times. ! Parking brake lining 1. Drive the vehicle at a speed of approximately 22 mph (35 km/h). 2. With the parking brake release button pushed in, pull the parking brake lever SLOWLY and GENTLY (pulling with a force of approximately 33.7 lbf [150 N, 15.3 kgf]). 3. Drive the vehicle for approximately 220 yards (200 meters) in this condition. 4. Wait 5 to 10 minutes for the parking brake to cool down. Repeat this procedure. 5. Check the parking brake stroke. If the Maintenance and service/Hill start assist system – CONTINUED – 11-23 Maintenance and service/Parking brake stroke parking brake stroke is out of the specified range, adjust it by turning the adjusting nut located on the parking brake lever. Parking brake stroke: 7 – 8 notches / 45 lbf (200 N, 20.4 kgf) WARNING A safe location and situation should be selected for break-in driving. CAUTION Pulling the parking brake lever too forcefully may cause the rear wheels to lock. To avoid this, be certain to pull the lever up slowly and gently. Parking brake stroke Check the parking brake stroke according to the maintenance schedule in the “Warranty and Maintenance Booklet”. When the parking brake is properly adjusted, braking power is fully applied by pulling the lever up 7 to 8 notches gently but firmly (approximately 45 lbf [200 N, 20.4 kgf]). If the parking brake lever stroke is not within the specified range, have the brake system checked and adjusted at your SUBARU dealer. Tires and wheels & Types of tires You should be familiar with type of tires present on your vehicle. ! All season tires All season tires are designed to provide an adequate measure of traction, handling and braking performance in year-round driving including snowy and icy road conditions. However all season tires do not offer as much traction performance as winter (snow) tires in heavy or loose snow or on icy roads. All season tires are identified by “ALL SEASON” and/or “M+S” (Mud & Snow) on the tire sidewall. ! Summer tires Summer tires are high-speed capability tires best suited for highway driving under dry conditions. Summer tires are inadequate for driving on slippery roads such as on snowcovered or icy roads. If you drive your vehicle on snow-covered or icy roads, we strongly recommend the use of winter (snow) tires. When installing winter tires, be sure to replace all four tires. 11-24 ! Winter (snow) tires Winter tires are best suited for driving on snow-covered and icy roads. However winter tires do not perform as well as summer tires and all season tires on roads other than snow-covered and icy roads. & Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) (if equipped) The tire pressure monitoring system provides the driver with a warning message by sending a signal from a sensor that is installed in each wheel when tire pressure is severely low. The tire pressure monitoring system will activate only when the vehicle is driven. Also, this system may not react immediately to a sudden drop in tire pressure (for example, a blow-out caused by running over a sharp object). If you adjust the tire pressures in a warm garage and will then drive the vehicle in cold outside air, the resulting drop in tire pressures may cause the low tire pressure warning light to illuminate. To avoid this problem when adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, inflate the tires to pressures higher than those shown on the tire placard. Specifically, inflate them by an extra 1 psi (6.9 kPa, 0.07 kgf/cm2) for every difference of 108F (5.68C) between the temperature in the garage and the temperature outside. By way of example, the following table shows the required tire pressures that correspond to various outside temperatures when the temperature in the garage is 608F (15.68C). Example: Tire size: P205/55R16 89V and P205/50R17 88V Standard tire pressures: Front: 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) Rear: 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2) Garage temperature: 608F (15.68C) Outside temperature Adjusted pressure [psi (kPa, kgf/cm2)] Front Rear 308F (−18C) 36 (250, 2.5) 35 (240, 2.4) 108F (−128C) 38 (260, 2.6) 37 (255, 2.55) −108F (−238C) 40 (275, 2.75) 39 (270, 2.7) If the low tire pressure warning light illuminates when you drive the vehicle in cold outside air after adjusting the tire pressures in a warm garage, re-adjust the tire pressures using the method described above. Then, increase the vehicle speed to at least 25 mph (40 km/h) and check to see that the low tire pressure warning light turns off a few minutes later. If the low tire pressure warning light does not turn off, the tire pressure monitoring system may not be functioning normally. In this event, go to a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected as soon as possible. While the vehicle is driven, friction between tires and the road surface causes the tires to warm up. After illumination of the low tire pressure warning light, any increase in the tire pressures caused by an increase in the outside air temperature or by an increase in the temperature in the tires can cause the low tire pressure warning light to turn off. System resetting is necessary when the wheels are changed (for example, a switch to snow tires) and new TPMS valves are installed on the newly fitted wheels. Have this work performed by a SUBARU dealer following wheel replacement. It may not be possible to install TPMS valves on certain wheels that are on the market. Therefore, if you change the wheels (for example, a switch to snow tires), use wheels that have the same part number as the standard-equipment wheels. Without four operational TPMS valve/sensors on the wheels, the TPMS will not fully function and the warning light on the combination meter will illuminate Maintenance and service/Tires and wheels – CONTINUED – 11-25 Maintenance and service/Tires and wheels steadily after blinking for approximately one minute. When a tire is replaced, adjustments are necessary to ensure continued normal operation of the tire pressure monitoring system. As with wheel replacement, therefore, you should have the work performed by a SUBARU dealer. WARNING If the low tire pressure warning light does not illuminate briefly after the ignition switch is turned ON or the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, you should have your Tire Pressure Monitoring System checked at a SUBARU dealer as soon as possible. If this light illuminates while driving, never brake suddenly and keep driving straight ahead while gradually reducing speed. Then slowly pull off the road to a safe place. Otherwise an accident involving serious vehicle damage and serious personal injury could occur. If this light still illuminates while driving after adjusting the tire pressure, a tire may have significant damage and a fast leak that causes the tire to lose air rapidly. If you have a flat tire, replace it with a spare tire as soon as possible. When a spare tire is mounted or a wheel rim is replaced without the original pressure sensor/transmitter being transferred, the low tire pressure warning light will illuminate steadily after blinking for approximately one minute. This indicates the TPMS is unable to monitor all four road wheels. Contact your SUBARU dealer as soon as possible for tire and sensor replacement and/ or system resetting. If the light illuminates steadily after blinking for approximately one minute, promptly contact a SUBARU dealer to have the system inspected. & Tire inspection Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. Contact your SUBARU dealer immediately if you find any problem. NOTE . When the wheels and tires strike curbs or are subjected to harsh treatment as when the vehicle is driven on a rough surface, they can suffer damage that cannot be seen with the naked eye. This type of damage does not become evident until time has passed. Try not to drive over curbs, potholes or on other rough surfaces. If doing so is unavoidable, keep the vehicle’s speed down to a walking pace or less, and approach the curbs as squarely as possible. Also, make sure the tires are not pressed against the curb when you park the vehicle. . If you feel unusual vibration while driving or find it difficult to steer the vehicle in a straight line, one of the tires and/or wheels may be damaged. Drive slowly to the nearest authorized SUBARU dealer and have the vehicle inspected. & Tire pressures and wear Maintaining the correct tire pressures helps to maximize the tires’ service lives and is essential for good running performance. Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire (including the spare) at least once a month (for example, during a fuel stop) and before any long journey. 11-26 Tire placard The tire placard is located on the door pillar on the driver’s side. Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the values shown on the tire placard. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehicle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure. NOTE . The air pressure in a tire increases by approximately 4.3 psi (30 kPa, 0.3 kgf/cm2) when the tire becomes warm. . The tires are considered cold when the vehicle has been parked for at least 3 hours or has been driven less than one mile (1.6 km). WARNING Do not let air out of warm tires to adjust pressure. Doing so will result in low tire pressure. Incorrect tire pressures detract from controllability and ride comfort, and they cause the tires to wear abnormally. . Correct tire pressure (tread worn evenly) Roadholding is good, and steering is responsive. Rolling resistance is low, so fuel consumption is also lower. Maintenance and service/Tires and wheels – CONTINUED – 11-27 Maintenance and service/Tires and wheels . Abnormally low tire pressure (tread worn at shoulders) Rolling resistance is high, so fuel consumption is also higher. . Abnormally high tire pressure (tread worn in center) Ride comfort is poor. Also, the tire magnifies the effects of road-surface bumps and dips, possibly resulting in vehicle damage. If the tire placard shows tire pressures for the vehicle when fully loaded, adjust the tire pressures to the values that match current loading conditions. WARNING Driving at high speeds with excessively low tire pressures can cause the tires to deform severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp increase in temperature could cause tread separation, and destruction of the tires. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. & Wheel balance Each wheel was correctly balanced when your vehicle was new, but the wheels will become unbalanced as the tires become worn during use. Wheel imbalance causes the steering wheel to vibrate slightly at certain vehicle speeds and detracts from the vehicle’s straight-line stability. It can also cause steering and suspension system problems and abnormal tire wear. If you suspect that the wheels are not correctly balanced, have them checked and adjusted by your SUBARU dealer. Also have them adjusted after tire repairs and after tire rotation. CAUTION Loss of correct wheel alignment causes the tires to wear on one side and reduces the vehicle’s running stability. Contact your SUBARU dealer if you notice abnormal tire wear. 11-28 NOTE The suspension system is designed to hold each wheel at a certain alignment (relative to the other wheels and to the road) for optimum straight-line stability and cornering performance. & Wear indicators 1) New tread 2) Worn tread 3) Tread wear indicator Each tire incorporates a tread wear indicator, which becomes visible when the depth of the tread grooves decreases to 0.063 in (1.6 mm). A tire must be replaced when the tread wear indicator appears as a solid band across the tread. WARNING When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at high speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. The resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident. NOTE For safety, inspect tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible. & Tire rotation direction mark Example of tire rotation direction mark 1) Front If the tire has the rotation direction specification, the tire rotation direction mark is placed on its sidewall. When you install a tire that has the tire rotation direction mark, install the tire with the direction mark facing forward. Maintenance and service/Tires and wheels – CONTINUED – 11-29 Maintenance and service/Tires and wheels & Tire rotation Vehicles equipped with 4 non-unidirectional tires 1) Front Vehicles equipped with unidirectional tires 1) Front Tire wear varies from wheel to wheel. To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniformly, it is best to rotate the tires every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). Move the tires to the positions shown in the illustration each time they are rotated. Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tires at the time of rotation. After tire rotation, adjust the tires pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened. After driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km), check the wheel nuts again and retighten any nut that has become loose. & Tire replacement The wheels and tires are important and integral parts of your vehicle’s design; they cannot be changed arbitrarily. The tires fitted as standard equipment are optimally matched to the characteristics of the vehicle and were selected to give the best possible combination of running performance, ride comfort, and service life. It is essential for every tire to have a size and construction matching those shown on the tire placard and to have a speed symbol and load index matching those shown on the tire placard. Using tires of a non-specified size detracts from controllability, ride comfort, braking performance, speedometer accuracy and odometer accuracy. It also creates incorrect body-to-tire clearances and inappropriately changes the vehicle’s ground clearance. All four tires must be the same in terms of manufacturer, brand (tread pattern), construction, and size. You are advised to replace the tires with new ones that are identical to those fitted as standard equipment. For safe vehicle operation, SUBARU recommends replacing all four tires at the same time. WARNING . When replacing or installing tire (s), all four tires must be the same for the following items. (a) Size (b) Circumference (c) Speed symbol (d) Load index (e) Construction (f) Manufacturer (g) Brand (tread pattern) 11-30 (h) Degrees of wear For the items (a) to (d), you must obey the specification that is printed on the tire placard. The tire placard is located on the bottom of driver’s door pillar. If all of four tires are not the same in items (a) to (h), it may lead to serious mechanical damage to the drive train of your car and affect the following factors. — Ride — Handling — Braking — Speedometer/Odometer calibration — Clearance between the body and tires It also may be dangerous and lead to loss of vehicle control, and it can lead to an accident. . Use only radial tires. Do not use radial tires together with belted bias tires and/or bias-ply tires. Doing so can dangerously reduce controllability, resulting in an accident. & Wheel replacement When replacing wheels due, for example, to damage, make sure the replacement wheels match the specifications of the wheels that are fitted as standard equipment. Replacement wheels are available from SUBARU dealers. WARNING Use only those wheels that are specified for your vehicle. Wheels not meeting specifications could interfere with brake caliper operation and may cause the tires to rub against the wheel well housing during turns. The resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. NOTE When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. Aluminum wheels Aluminum wheels can be scratched and damaged easily. Handle them carefully to maintain their appearance, performance, and safety. . When any of the wheels are removed and replaced for tire rotation or to change a flat tire, always check the tightness of the wheel nuts after driving approximately 600 miles (1,000 km). If any nut is loose, tighten it to the specified torque. . Never apply oil to the threaded parts, wheel nuts, or tapered surface of the wheel. . Never let the wheel rub against sharp protrusions or curbs. . When wheel nuts, balance weights, or the center cap is replaced, be sure to replace them with genuine SUBARU parts designed for aluminum wheels. Maintenance and service/Aluminum wheels 11-31 Maintenance and service/Windshield washer fluid Windshield washer fluid CAUTION Never use engine coolant as washer fluid because it could cause paint damage. When there is only a small amount of washer fluid remaining, the windshield washer fluid warning light will illuminate. When this occurs, refill the washer fluid as follows. Remove the washer tank filler cap, then add windshield washer fluid until it reaches the “FULL” mark on the tank. If windshield washer fluid is unavailable use clean water. In areas where water freezes in winter, use an anti-freeze type windshield washer fluid. SUBARU Windshield Washer Fluid contains 58.5% methyl alcohol and 41.5% surfactant, by volume. Its freezing temperature varies according to how much it is diluted, as indicated in the following table. Washer Fluid Concentration Freezing Temperature 30% 10.48F (−128C) 50% −48F (−208C) 100% −498F (−458C) In order to prevent freezing of washer fluid, check the freezing temperatures in the table above when adjusting the fluid concentration to the outside temperature. If you fill the reservoir tank with a fluid with a different concentration from the one used previously, purge the old fluid from the piping between the reservoir tank and washer nozzles by operating the washer for a certain period of time. Otherwise, if the concentration of the fluid remaining in the piping is too low for the outside temperature, it may freeze and block the nozzles. 11-32 CAUTION . Adjust the washer fluid concentration appropriately for the outside temperature. If the concentration is inappropriate, sprayed washer fluid may freeze on the windshield and obstruct your view, and the fluid may freeze in the reservoir tank. . State or local regulations on volatile organic compounds may restrict the use of methanol, a common windshield washer antifreeze additive. Washer fluids containing non-methanol antifreeze agents should be used only if they provide cold weather protection without damaging your vehicle’s paint, wiper blades or washer system. Replacement of wiper blades Grease, wax, insects, or other material on the windshield or the wiper blade results in jerky wiper operation and streaking on the glass. If you cannot remove the streaks after operating the windshield washer or if the wiper operation is jerky, clean the outer surface of the windshield (or rear window) and the wiper blades using a sponge or soft cloth with a neutral detergent or mild-abrasive cleaner. After cleaning, rinse the windshield and wiper blades with clean water. The windshield is clean if beads do not form when you rinse the windshield with water. CAUTION . Do not clean the wiper blades with gasoline or a solvent, such as paint thinner or benzine. This will cause deterioration of the wiper blades. . While removing the wiper blades from the wiper arms, do not return the wiper arms to the original positions. Otherwise, the windshield surface may be scratched. . When returning the raised wiper arms to the original positions, carefully return the wiper arms on the windshield by hand. You should not return the wiper arms to the windshield only by the return spring. Otherwise, the wiper arms may be deformed and/ or the windshield surface may be scratched. If you cannot eliminate the streaking even after following this method, replace the wiper blades using the following procedures. Maintenance and service/Replacement of wiper blades – CONTINUED – 11-33 Maintenance and service/Replacement of wiper blades & Windshield wiper blade assembly 1. Raise the wiper arm off the windshield. 1) Open the cover 2) Pull down the wiper blade 2. Remove the wiper blade assembly by opening the cover and pulling it down in the direction shown in the illustration. 3. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 4. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. & Windshield wiper blade rubber 1) Support 1. Grasp the locked end of the blade rubber assembly and pull it firmly until the stoppers on the rubber are free of the support. 1) Metal spines 2. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber. 3. Align the claws of the support with the 11-34 grooves in the rubber and slide the blade rubber assembly into the support until it locks. 1) Claw 2) Stopper 4. Be sure to position the claws at the end of the support between the stoppers on the rubber as shown. If the rubber is not retained properly, the wiper blade may scratch the windshield. & Rear window wiper blade assembly 1. Raise the wiper arm off the rear window. 2. Turn the wiper blade assembly counterclockwise. 3. Pull the wiper blade assembly toward you to remove it from the wiper arm. 4. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 5. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. Maintenance and service/Replacement of wiper blades – CONTINUED – 11-35 Maintenance and service/Replacement of wiper blades & Rear window wiper blade rubber 1. Pull out the end of the blade rubber assembly to unlock it from the plastic support. 2. Pull the blade rubber assembly out of the plastic support. 1) Metal spines 3. If the new blade rubber is not provided with two metal spines, remove the metal spines from the old blade rubber and install them in the new blade rubber. 4. Align the claws of the plastic support with the grooves in the blade rubber assembly, then slide the blade rubber assembly into place. Securely retain both ends of the rubber with the stoppers on the plastic support 11-36 ends. If the rubber is not retained properly, the wiper may scratch the rear window glass. 5. Install the wiper blade assembly to the wiper arm. Make sure that it locks in place. 6. Hold the wiper arm by hand and slowly lower it in position. Battery WARNING . Before beginning work on or near any battery, be sure to extinguish all cigarettes, matches, and lighters. Never expose a battery to an open flame or electric sparks. Batteries give off a gas which is highly flammable and explosive. . For safety, in case an explosion does occur, wear eye protection or shield your eyes when working near any battery. Never lean over a battery. . Do not let battery fluid contact eyes, skin, fabrics, or paint because battery fluid is a corrosive acid. If battery fluid gets on your skin or in your eyes, immediately flush the area with water thoroughly. Seek medical help immediately if acid has entered the eyes. If battery fluid is accidentally swallowed, immediately drink a large amount of milk or water, and seek medical attention immediately. . To lessen the risk of sparks, remove rings, metal watchbands, and other metal jewelry. Never allow metal tools to contact the positive battery terminal and anything connected to it WHILE you are at the same time in contact with any other metallic portion of the vehicle because a short circuit will result. . Keep everyone including children away from the battery. . Charge the battery in a wellventilated area. . Battery posts, terminals and related accessories contain lead and lead compounds, chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer and reproductive harm. Batteries also contain other chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer. Wash hands after handling. Maintenance and service/Battery – CONTINUED – 11-37 Maintenance and service/Fuses 1) Cap 2) Upper level 3) Lower level It is unnecessary to periodically check the battery fluid level or periodically refill with distilled water. However, if the battery fluid level is below the lower level, remove the cap. Fill to the upper level with distilled water. CAUTION Never use more than 10 amperes when charging the battery because it will shorten battery life. Fuses CAUTION Never replace a fuse with one having a higher rating or with material other than a fuse because serious damage or a fire could result. The fuses are designed to melt during an overload to prevent damage to the wiring harness and electrical equipment. The fuses are located in two fuse boxes. One is located under the instrument panel behind the fuse box cover on the driver’s seat side. To remove the cover, pull it out. 1) Spare fuses The other one (main fuse box) is housed in the engine compartment. Also, the spare fuses are stored in the fuse box cover. The fuse puller is stored in the main fuse 11-38 box in the engine compartment. 1) Good 2) Blown If any lights, accessories or other electrical controls do not operate, inspect the corresponding fuse. If a fuse has blown, replace it. 1. Turn the ignition switch to the “LOCK”/ “OFF” position and turn off all electrical accessories. 2. Remove the cover. 3. Determine which fuse may be blown. Look at the back side of each fuse box cover and refer to “Fuses and circuits” F12-12. 4. Pull out the fuse with the fuse puller. 5. Inspect the fuse. If it has blown, replace it with a spare fuse of the same rating. 6. If the same fuse blows again, this indicates that its system has a problem. Contact your SUBARU dealer for repairs. Installation of accessories Always consult your SUBARU dealer before installing fog lights or any other electrical equipment in your vehicle. Such accessories may cause the electronic system to malfunction if they are incorrectly installed or if they are not suited for the vehicle. Maintenance and service/Installation of accessories 11-39 Maintenance and service/Replacing bulbs Replacing bulbs WARNING Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down. Otherwise, there is a risk of sustaining a burn injury. CAUTION Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire. For the specified wattage of each bulb, refer to “Bulb chart” F12-16. Do not touch the glass portion of the light bulb with bare hands. When holding the glass portion is unavoidable, hold it using a clean dry cloth to avoid getting moisture and oils on the bulb. Also, if the bulb is scratched or dropped, it may blow out or crack. & Headlights (models with HID headlights) WARNING High-intensity-discharge (HID) bulbs are used for the low beams of the headlights. These HID bulbs use an extremely high voltage. To avoid the risk of an electric shock that could result in serious injury, observe the following precautions. . Do not replace any headlight bulbs (both low beam and high beam) by yourself. . Do not remove/restore the headlight assemblies by yourself. . Do not remove any headlightassembly components by yourself. For replacement, contact your SUBARU dealer. & Headlights (models without HID headlights) CAUTION Halogen headlight bulbs become very hot while in use. If you touch the bulb surface with bare hands or greasy gloves, fingerprints or grease on the bulb surface will develop into hot spots, causing the bulb to break. If there are finger prints or grease on the bulb surface, wipe them away with a soft cloth moistened with alcohol. NOTE . If headlight aiming is required, consult your SUBARU dealer for proper adjustment of the headlight aim. . It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. Perform the following steps to replace the bulbs. Low beam headlight 11-40 High beam headlight 1. Disconnect the electrical connector from the bulb. Low beam headlight High beam headlight 2. Remove the bulb from the headlight assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 3. Replace the bulb with new one. At this time, use care not to touch the bulb surface. 4. To install the bulb to the headlight assembly, turn it clockwise until it clicks. 5. Reconnect the electrical connector. & Front turn signal light, front side marker light and parking light NOTE It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. Front turn signal light and front side marker light Maintenance and service/Replacing bulbs – CONTINUED – 11-41 Maintenance and service/Replacing bulbs Parking light 1. Remove the electrical connector from the clip. 1) Front turn signal light 2) Front side marker light Parking light 2. Turn the socket counterclockwise and pull it out. 3. Pull out the bulb from the socket and replace the bulb with a new one. & Parking light It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. & Front fog light (if equipped) It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. & Rear combination lights 1. Using a Phillips screwdriver, remove the upper and lower screws that secure the rear combination light assembly. 2. Slide the rear combination light as- 11-42 sembly rearward and remove it from the vehicle. 1) Stop/tail light (This light is also used as the rear side marker light.) 2) Backup light 3) Rear turn signal light 4) Tail light 3. Remove the bulb socket from the rear combination light assembly by turning it counterclockwise. 4. Pull the bulb out of the bulb socket and replace it with a new one. 5. Set the bulb socket into the rear combination light assembly and turn it clockwise until it locks. 1) Guide pins 2) Clip 6. Put the rear combination light assembly into place while aligning the 2 guide pins and a catch with the guide holes and a clip on the vehicle. 7. Tighten the upper and lower screws. & License plate light 1. To remove the right-hand side license plate light cover, insert a finger into the right side of the cover, and then press once to the left and pull it out. To remove the left-hand side license plate light cover, insert a finger into the left side of the cover, and then press once to the right and pull it out. Maintenance and service/Replacing bulbs – CONTINUED – 11-43 Maintenance and service/Battery replacement 2. Turn the bulb socket counterclockwise and pull out the socket. 3. Pull the bulb out of the socket. 4. Install a new bulb. 5. Reinstall the bulb socket and the license plate light cover. & Other bulbs It may be difficult to replace the bulbs. Have the bulbs replaced by your SUBARU dealer if necessary. Battery replacement The access key / transmitter battery may be discharged under the following conditions. . The operation of the keyless access function is unstable . The operating distance of the remote keyless entry system is unstable . The transmitter does not operate properly when used within the standard distance Replace the battery with a new one. CAUTION . Do not let dust, oil or water get on or in the access key/transmitter when replacing battery. . Be careful not to damage the printed circuit board in the access key/transmitter when replacing the battery. . Be careful not to allow children to touch the battery and any removed parts; children could swallow them. . There is a danger of an explosion if the battery is incorrectly replaced. Replace only with the same or equivalent type of the battery. . Batteries should not be exposed to excessive heat such as bright sunlight, fire or the like. NOTE . Replace only with the same or equivalent type of battery recommended by the manufacturer. . Dispose of used batteries according to local laws. . Mount the battery in the correct orientation to prevent fluid leakage. Be careful not to bend the terminals. It may result in a malfunction. . It is recommended that the battery should be replaced by a SUBARU dealer. . Use a new battery. . After replacing the battery, confirm that the access key/transmitter functions properly. 11-44 & Replacing battery of access key CAUTION When removing or reinstalling the access key cover, make sure that the plastic part does not come off or become misaligned. Battery: Button battery CR2032 1) Release button 2) Mechanical key 1. Take out the mechanical key. 2. Wrap a flat-head screwdriver with vinyl tape or a cloth, and insert it in the gap to remove the cover. 3. Take out the battery using a flat-head screwdriver with vinyl tape or a cloth. 4. Insert a new battery with its positive (+) side facing upward as shown in the figure. 5. Attach the cover to the access key by fitting the projections and recesses together. Maintenance and service/Battery replacement – CONTINUED – 11-45 Maintenance and service/Battery replacement & Replacing transmitter battery 1. Open the key head using a flat-head screwdriver. 2. Remove the transmitter case from the key head. 3. Open the transmitter case by releasing the hooks. 1) Negative (−) side facing up 4. Replace the old battery with a new battery (type CR1620 or equivalent) making sure to install the new battery with the negative (−) side facing up. 5. Put together the transmitter case by fitting the hooks on the case. 6. Reinstall the transmitter case in the key head. 7. Refit the removed half of the key head. After the battery is replaced, the transmitter must be synchronized with the remote keyless entry system’s control unit. Press either the “ ” or “ ” button six times to synchronize the unit. 11-46 Specifications. 12-2 Dimensions 12-2 Engine . 12-3 Fuel . 12-3 Engine oil 12-4 Manual transmission, front differential and rear differential gear oil . 12-7 Fluids 12-9 Engine coolant . 12-9 Electrical system 12-10 Tires 12-10 Temporary spare tires 12-10 Brake disc . 12-11 Fuses and circuits . 12-12 Fuse panel located in the passenger compartment . 12-12 Fuse panel located in the engine compartment . 12-14 Bulb chart. 12-16 Vehicle identification . 12-20 Specifications 12 Specifications/Specifications Specifications These specifications are subject to change without notice. & Dimensions in (mm) Item Non-turbo models Turbo models Overall length 180.9 (4,595) Overall width 70.7 (1,795) Overall height 68.3 (1,735)*2 67.7 (1,720)*3 Wheel base 103.9 (2,640) Tread Front 60.8 (1,545) Rear 61.0 (1,550) Ground clearance*1 8.7 (220) *1: Measured with vehicle empty *2: Models with roof rails *3: Models without roof rails 12-2 & Engine Engine model FB25 (2.5 L, DOHC, non-turbo) FA20 (2.0 L, DOHC, turbo) Engine type Horizontally opposed, liquid cooled 4 cylinder, 4-stroke petrol engine Displacement cu-in (cc) 152 (2,498) 122 (1,998) Bore 6 Stroke in (mm) 3.70 6 3.54 (94.0 6 90.0) 3.39 6 3.39 (86.0 6 86.0) Compression ratio 10.0 : 1 10.6 : 1 Firing order 1 – 3 – 2 – 4 & Fuel Model Fuel Fuel tank capacity Non-turbo models Unleaded gasoline with 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher 15.9 US gal (60 liters, 13.2 Imp gal) Turbo models Unleaded gasoline with 91 AKI (95 RON) or higher For more details, refer to “Fuel” F7-3. Specifications/Specifications – CONTINUED – 12-3 Specifications/Specifications & Engine oil For the checking, adding and replacing procedure or other details, refer to “Engine oil” F11-10. NOTE The procedure for changing the engine oil and oil filter should be performed by a properly-trained expert. It is recommended that you have this service performed by your SUBARU dealer. ! Approved engine oil We recommend that you always use the SUBARU approved engine oil. For further details, please contact your SUBARU dealer. If the approved engine oil is unavailable, use the alternative engine oil described on the next page. 12-4 ! Alternative engine oil If the SUBARU approved oil is unavailable, the following alternative oil can be used. NOTE Each quantity indicated here is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. ! Non-turbo models Oil grade SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature Engine oil capacity API (American Petroleum Institute) classification SN with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or ILSAC GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark) 0W-20 synthetic oil is the required oil for optimum engine performance and protection. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable. *: If 0W-20 synthetic oil is not available, 5W-30 or 5W-40 conventional oil may be used if replenishment is needed but should be changed to 0W-20 synthetic oil at the next oil change. – Adding the oil from low level to full level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) – Changing the oil and oil filter: 5.1 US qt (4.8 liters, 4.2 Imp qt) Specifications/Specifications – CONTINUED – 12-5 Specifications/Specifications ! Turbo models Oil grade SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature Oil capacity API (American Petroleum Institute) classification SN with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” or ILSAC GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark) 5W-30 synthetic oil is required for optimum engine performance and protection. Conventional oil may be used if synthetic oil is unavailable. *: If 5W-30 synthetic oil is not available, 5W-30 or 5W-40 conventional oil may be used if replenishment is needed but should be changed to 5W-30 synthetic oil at the next oil change. – Adding the oil from L to F level: 1.1 US qt (1.0 liter, 0.9 Imp qt) – Changing the oil and oil filter: 5.4 US qt (5.1 liters, 4.5 Imp qt) 12-6 & Manual transmission, front differential and rear differential gear oil Oil Manual transmission oil Front differential gear oil (CVT models) Oil grade . SUBARU Extra MT*3 . API classification GL-5 (75W-90)*4 . SUBARU Extra MT*3 . API classification GL-5 (75W-90) Oil capacity*1 3.5 US qt (3.3 liters, 2.9 Imp qt) Non-turbo models 1.43 US qt (1.35 liters, 1.19 Imp qt) Turbo models 1.5 US qt (1.4 liters, 1.2 Imp qt) Remarks*2 “Manual transmission oil” F11-18 “Front differential gear oil (CVT models) and rear differential gear oil” F11-19 *1: The indicated oil quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. After refilling the gearbox with oil, the oil level should be checked. *2: For more details about maintenance and service, refer to the indicated section. *3: Equivalent to factory-filled oil. *4: You may use this type of manual transmission oil. However, using this type of oil will detract from driveability and fuel efficiency. Specifications/Specifications – CONTINUED – 12-7 Specifications/Specifications Oil Rear differential gear oil Oil grade API classification GL-5 SAE viscosity No. and applicable temperature . 75W-90* . 90 *: Recommended Oil capacity*1 0.8 US qt (0.8 liters, 0.7 Imp qt) Remarks*2 “Front differential gear oil (CVT models) and rear differential gear oil” F11-19 *1: The indicated oil quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. After refilling the gearbox with oil, the oil level should be checked. *2: For more details about maintenance and service, refer to the indicated section. 12-8 & Fluids Fluid Fluid type*1 Fluid capacity*2 Remarks*3 Continuously variable transmission fluid (CVT models) Consult your SUBARU dealer. Non-turbo models: 12.9 US qt (12.2 liters, 10.7 Imp qt) Turbo models: 13.1 US qt (12.4 liters, 10.9 Imp qt) “Continuously variable transmission fluid” F11-18 Brake fluid FMVSS No. 116, fresh DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid – “Brake fluid” F11-19 Clutch fluid (MT models) FMVSS No. 116, fresh DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid – “Clutch fluid (MT models)” F11- 20 *1: Use one of the indicated types of fluid. *2: The indicated fluid quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. *3: For more details about maintenance and service, refer to the indicated section. & Engine coolant Vehicle model Coolant capacity Coolant type Non-turbo models MT models 7.8 US qt (7.4 liters, 6.5 Imp qt) CVT models 8.0 US qt (7.6 liters, 6.7 Imp qt) SUBARU Super Coolant Turbo models CVT models 9.4 US qt (8.9 liters, 7.8 Imp qt) The indicated coolant quantity is only a guideline. The necessary quantity for replacement may differ slightly depending on the temperature and other factors. For more details about maintenance and service, refer to “Cooling system” F11-13. Specifications/Specifications – CONTINUED – 12-9 Specifications/Specifications & Electrical system Battery type and capacity (5HR) 55D23L Alternator 12V-130A Spark plugs Non-turbo models SILZKAR7B11 (NGK) Turbo models ILKAR8H6 (NGK) & Tires Vehicle model Non-turbo models Turbo models Tire size P225/60R17 98H P225/55R18 97H P225/55R18 97H Wheel size 17 6 7J 18 6 7J 18 6 7J Pressure Front 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2) 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2) 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) Rear 29 psi (200 kPa, 2.0 kgf/cm2) 30 psi (210 kPa, 2.1 kgf/cm2) 32 psi (220 kPa, 2.2 kgf/cm2) Wheel nut tightening torque 89 lbf·ft (120 N·m, 12 kgf·m)*1 *1: This torque is equivalent to applying approximately 88 to 110 lbf (40 to 50 kgf) at the end of the wheel nut wrench. If you have tightened the wheel nuts by yourself, have the tightening torque checked at the nearest automotive service facility as soon as possible. For the wheel nut tightening procedure, refer to “Changing a flat tire” F9-5. & Temporary spare tires Temporary spare tire size T145/80D17 185/65R17 Temporary spare tire inflation pressure (recommended cold tire inflation pressure) 60 psi (420 kPa, 4.2 kgf/cm2) 33 psi (230 kPa, 2.3 kgf/cm2) 12-10 & Brake disc If you need information on the usage limit value of brake discs and the method for measuring them, we recommend that you consult your SUBARU dealer. Specifications/Specifications 12-11 Specifications/Fuses and circuits Fuses and circuits & Fuse panel located in the passenger compartment Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 1 20A . Trailer hitch connector 2 Empty 3 15A . Door locking 4 10A . Front wiper deicer relay 5 10A . Combination meter 6 7.5A . Remote control rear view mirrors . Seat heater relay 7 15A . Combination meter . Integrated unit 8 15A . Stop light 9 15A . Front wiper deicer 10 7.5A . Power supply (battery) 11 7.5A . Turn signal unit 12 15A . Transmission control unit . Engine control unit . Integrated unit 13 20A . Accessory power outlet (center console) 14 15A . Parking light . Tail light . Rear combination light 12-12 Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 15 10A . Luggage light . Keyless unit 16 7.5A . Illumination 17 15A . Seat heaters 18 10A . Backup light 19 7.5A . Daytime running lights 20 10A . Accessory power outlet (instrument panel) 21 7.5A . Starter relay 22 10A . Air conditioner . Rear window defogger relay coil 23 Empty 24 10A . Audio unit . Navigation system (if equipped) 25 15A . SRS airbag system 26 7.5A . Power window relay . Radiator main fan relay 27 15A . Blower fan 28 15A . Blower fan 29 15A . Fog light 30 Empty Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 31 7.5A . Auto air conditioner unit . Integrated unit 32 7.5A . Clutch switch . Steering lock control unit 33 7.5A . Vehicle Dynamics Control unit Specifications/Fuses and circuits – CONTINUED – 12-13 Specifications/Fuses and circuits & Fuse panel located in the engine compartment A) Main fuse Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 1 30A . ABS unit . Vehicle Dynamics Control unit 2 25A . Main fan (cooling fan) 3 25A . Sub fan (cooling fan) 4 Empty 5 25A . Audio 6 30A . Headlight (low beam) 7 15A . Headlight (high beam) 8 20A . Back-up 9 15A . Horn 10 25A . Rear window defogger . Mirror heater 11 20A . Fuel pump 12 20A . Continuously variable transmission control unit 13 7.5A . Engine control unit 14 15A . Turn and hazard warning flasher 15 15A . Tail and illumination relay 16 7.5A . Alternator 12-14 Fuse panel Fuse rating Circuit 17 Empty 18 Empty 19 15A . Headlight (low beam – right hand) 20 15A . Headlight (low beam – left hand) Specifications/Fuses and circuits 12-15 Specifications/Bulb chart Bulb chart NOTE Lights A, B and C are the LED (Light Emitting Diode) type. Consult your SUBARU dealer for replacement. 12-16 Wattage Bulb No. 1) High beam headlight 12V-60W HB3 2) Parking light (models with halogen light) 12V-5W W5W 3) Low beam headlight Models with HID light 12V-35W D4R Models with halogen light 12V-55W H11 4) Front turn signal light 12V-21W WY21W 5) Map light 12V-8W – 6) Dome light 12V-8W – 7) Front fog light Models without steering responsive fog lights system 12V-19W H16 Models with steering responsive fog lights system 12V-55W H11 8) Front side marker light 12V-5W W5W 9) Door step light 12V-5W W5W 10) Cargo area light 12V-5W W5W 11) Stop light/Tail light (This light is also used as the rear side marker light) 12V-21/5W W21/5W 12) Rear turn signal light 12V-21W WY21W 13) Tail light 12V-5W W21/5W* 14) Backup light 12V-16W W16W 15) License plate light 12V-5W W5W Specifications/Bulb chart – CONTINUED – 12-17 Specifications/Bulb chart Wattage Bulb No. A) Parking light (models with HID light) – – B) Side turn signal light (if equipped) – – C) High-mounted stop light – – *: Only 5W illuminates WARNING . Bulbs may become very hot while illuminated. Before replacing bulbs, turn off the lights and wait until the bulbs cool down. Otherwise, there is a risk of sustaining a burn injury. . For models with HID low beam headlights, observe the following precautions. Not doing so carries the risk of an electric shock that could result in serious injury because the HID bulbs use an extremely high voltage. – Do not replace any headlight bulbs (both low beam and high beam) by yourself. – Do not remove/restore the headlight assemblies by yourself. – Do not remove any headlightassembly components by yourself. For replacement, contact your SUBARU dealer. 12-18 CAUTION Replace any bulb only with a new bulb of the specified wattage. Using a bulb of different wattage could result in a fire. Specifications/Bulb chart 12-19 Specifications/Vehicle identification Vehicle identification 1) Vehicle identification number (under the floor carpet of the right-hand front seat) 2) Emission control label 3) Tire inflation pressure label 4) Certification label 5) Vehicle identification number plate 6) Model number label 7) Fuel label 8) Air conditioner label 12-20 For U.S.A. . 13-2 Tire information 13-2 Tire labeling . 13-2 Recommended tire inflation pressure 13-4 Glossary of tire terminology . 13-5 Tire care – maintenance and safety practices 13-10 Vehicle load limit – how to determine 13-10 Determining compatibility of tire and vehicle load capacities 13-13 Adverse safety consequences of overloading on handling and stopping and on tires . 13-14 Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit. 13-14 Uniform tire quality grading standards 13-15 Treadwear . 13-15 Traction AA, A, B, C. 13-15 Temperature A, B, C. 13-15 Reporting safety defects (U.S.A.) . 13-16 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects 13 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/For U.S.A. For U.S.A. The following information has been compiled according to Code of Federal Regulations “Title 49, Part 575”. Tire information & Tire labeling Many markings (e.g. Tire size, Tire Identification Number or TIN) are placed on the sidewall of a tire by tire manufacturers. These markings can provide you with useful information on the tire. ! Tire size Your vehicle comes equipped with P-Metric tire size. It is important to understand the sizing system in selecting the proper tire for your vehicles. Here is a brief review of the tire sizing system with a breakdown of its individual elements. ! P Metric With the P-Metric system, Section Width is measured in millimeters. To convert millimeters into inches, divide by 25.4. The Aspect Ratio (Section Height divided by Section Width) helps provide more dimensional information about the tire size. Example: (1) P = Certain tire type used on light duty vehicles such as passenger cars (2) Section Width in millimeters (3) Aspect Ratio (= section height 7 section width). (4) R = Radial Construction (5) Rim diameter in inches ! Load and Speed Rating Descriptions The load and speed rating descriptions will appear following the size designation. They provide two important facts about the tire. First, the number designation is its load index. Second, the letter designation indicates the tire’s speed rating. 13-2 Example: (6) Load Index: A numerical code which specifies the maximum load a tire can carry at the speed indicated by its speed symbol, at maximum inflation pressure. For example, “90” means 1,323 lbs (600 kg), “89” means 1,278 lbs (580 kg). WARNING Load indices apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load. (7) Speed Rating: An alphabetical system describing a tire’s capability to travel at established and predetermined speeds. For example, “V” means 149 mph (240 km/h) WARNING . Speed ratings apply only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a speed rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be operated at the tire’s rated speed. . The speed rating is void if the tires are worn out, damaged, repaired, retreaded, or otherwise altered from their original condition. If tires are repaired, retreaded, or otherwise altered, they may not be suitable for original equipment tire designed loads and speeds. ! Tire Identification Number (TIN) Tire Identification Number (TIN) is marked on the intended outboard sidewall. The TIN is composed of four groups. Here is a brief review of the TIN with a breakdown of its individual elements. (1) Manufacturer’s Identification Mark (2) Tire Size (3) Tire Type Code (4) Date of Manufacture The first two figures identify the week, starting with “01” to represent the first full week of the calendar year; the second two figures represent the year. For example, 0101 means the 1st week of 2001. ! Other markings The following makings are also placed on the sidewall. ! Maximum permissible inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pressure to which this tire may be inflated. For example, “300 kPa (44 PSI) MAX. PRESS” Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information – CONTINUED – 13-3 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information ! Maximum load rating The load rating at the maximum permissible weight load for this tire. For example, “MAX. LOAD 580 kg (1279 LBS) @ 300 kPa (44 PSI) MAX. PRESS.” WARNING Maximum load rating applies only to the tire, not to the vehicle. Putting a load rated tire on any vehicle does not mean the vehicle can be loaded up to the tire’s rated load. ! Construction type Applicable construction of this tire. For example, “TUBELESS STEEL BELTED RADIAL” ! Construction The generic name of each cord material used in the plies (both sidewall and tread area) of this tire. For example, “PLIES: TREAD 2 STEEL + 2 POLYESTER SIDEWALL 2 POLYESTER” ! Uniform Tire Quality Grading (UTQG) For details, refer to “Uniform tire quality grading standards” F13-15. & Recommended tire inflation pressure ! Recommended cold tire inflation pressure For recommended cold tire inflation pressure for your vehicle’s tires, refer to “Tires” F12-10. ! Vehicle placard The vehicle placard is affixed to the driver’s side B-pillar. Example: The vehicle placard shows original tire size, recommended cold tire inflation pressure on each tire at maximum loaded vehicle weight, seating capacity and loading information. ! Adverse safety consequences of under-inflation Driving at high speeds with excessively low tire pressures can cause the tires to flex severely and to rapidly become hot. A sharp in- 13-4 crease in temperature could cause tread separation, and failure of the tire(s). Possible resulting loss of vehicle control could lead to an accident. ! Measuring and adjusting air pressure to achieve proper inflation Check and, if necessary, adjust the pressure of each tire (including the spare) at least once a month and before any long journey. Check the tire pressures when the tires are cold. Use a pressure gauge to adjust the tire pressures to the specific values. Driving even a short distance warms up the tires and increases the tire pressures. Also, the tire pressures are affected by the outside temperature. It is best to check tire pressure outdoors before driving the vehicle. When a tire becomes warm, the air inside it expands, causing the tire pressure to increase. Be careful not to mistakenly release air from a warm tire to reduce its pressure. & Glossary of tire terminology . Accessory weight The combined weight (in excess of those standard items which may be replaced) of automatic transmission, power steering, power brakes, power windows, power seats, radio, and heater, to the extent that these items are available as factory-installed equipment (whether installed or not). . Bead The part of the tire that is made of steel wires, wrapped or reinforced by ply cords and that is shaped to fit the rim. . Bead separation A breakdown of the bond between components in the bead. . Bias ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at alternate angles substantially less than 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. . Carcass The tire structure, except tread and sidewall rubber which, when inflated, bears the load. . Chunking The breaking away of pieces of the tread or sidewall. . Cold tire pressure The pressure in a tire that has been driven less than 1 mile or has been standing for three hours or more. . Cord The strands forming the plies in the tire. . Cord separation The parting of cords from adjacent rubber compounds. . Cracking Any parting within the tread, sidewall, or inner liner of the tire extending to cord material. . Curb weight The weight of a motor vehicle with standard equipment including the maximum capacity of fuel, oil and coolant, and if so equipped, air conditioning and additional weight optional engine. Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information – CONTINUED – 13-5 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information . Extra load tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and higher inflation pressure than the corresponding standard tire. . Groove The space between two adjacent tread ribs. . Innerliner The layer(s) forming the inside surface of a tubeless tire that contains the inflating medium within the tire. . Innerliner separation The parting of the innerliner from cord material in the carcass. . Intended outboard sidewall (1) The sidewall that contains a whitewall, bears white lettering or bears manufacturer, brand, and/or model name molding that is higher or deeper than the same molding on the other sidewall of the tire, or (2) The outward facing sidewall of an asymmetrical tire that has a particular side that must always face outward when mounting on a vehicle. . Light truck (LT) tire A tire designated by its manufacturer as primarily intended for use on lightweight trucks or multipurpose passenger vehicles. . Load rating The maximum load that a tire is rated to carry for a given inflation pressure. . Maximum inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. . Maximum load rating The load rating for a tire at the maximum permissible inflation pressure for that tire. . Maximum loaded vehicle weight The sum of: (a) Curb weight (b) Accessory weight (c) Vehicle capacity weight (d) Production options weight . Maximum permissible inflation pressure The maximum cold inflation pressure to which a tire may be inflated. . Measuring rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for physical dimension requirements. . Normal occupant weight 150 lbs (68 kg) times the number of occupants specified in the second column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Occupant distribution Distribution of occupants in a vehicle as specified in the third column of Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section. . Open splice Any parting at any junction of tread, sidewall, or innerliner that extends to cord material. . Outer diameter The overall diameter of an inflated new tire. . Overall width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, including elevations due to labeling, decorations, or protective bands or ribs. 13-6 . Passenger car tire A tire intended for use on passenger cars, multipurpose passenger vehicles, and trucks, that have a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 10,000 lbs (4,535 kg) or less. . Ply A layer of rubber-coated parallel cords. . Ply separation A parting of rubber compound between adjacent plies. . Pneumatic tire A mechanical device made of rubber, chemicals, fabric and steel or other materials, that, when mounted on an automotive wheel, provides the traction and contains the gas or fluid that sustains the load. . Production options weight The combined weight of those installed regular production options weighing over 5.1 lbs (2.3 kg) in excess of those standard items which they replace, not previously considered in curb weight or accessory weight, including heavy duty brakes, ride levelers, roof rack, heavy duty battery, and special trim. . Radial ply tire A pneumatic tire in which the ply cords that extend to the beads are laid at substantially 90 degrees to the centerline of the tread. . Recommended inflation pressure The cold inflation pressure recommended by a vehicle manufacturer. . Reinforced tire A tire designed to operate at higher loads and at higher inflation pressures than the corresponding standard tire. . Rim A metal support for a tire or a tire and tube assembly upon which the tire beads are seated. . Rim diameter Nominal diameter of the bead seat. . Rim size designation Rim diameter and width. . Rim type designation The industry of manufacturer’s designation for a rim by style or code. . Rim width Nominal distance between rim flanges. . Section width The linear distance between the exteriors of the sidewalls of an inflated tire, excluding elevations due to labeling, decoration, or protective bands. . Sidewall That portion of a tire between the tread and bead. . Sidewall separation The parting of the rubber compound from the cord material in the sidewall. . Test rim The rim on which a tire is fitted for testing, and it may be any rim listed as appropriate for use with that tire. . Tread That portion of a tire that comes into contact with the road. Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information – CONTINUED – 13-7 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information . Tread rib A tread section running circumferentially around a tire. . Tread separation Pulling away of the tread from the tire carcass. . Treadwear indicators (TWI) The projections within the principal grooves designed to give a visual indication of the degrees of wear of the tread. . Vehicle capacity weight The rated cargo and luggage load plus 150 lbs (68 kg) times the vehicle’s designated seating capacity. . Vehicle maximum load on the tire Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the maximum loaded vehicle weight and dividing by two. . Vehicle normal load on the tire Load on an individual tire that is determined by distributing to each axle its share of the curb weight, accessory weight, and normal occupant weight (distributed in accordance with Table 1 that is appended to the end of this section) and dividing by 2. . Wheel-holding fixture The fixture used to hold the wheel and tire assembly securely during testing. 13-8 Table 1 — Occupant loading and distribution for vehicle normal load for various designated seating capacities Designated seating capacity, number of occupants Vehicle normal load, number of occupants Occupant distribution in a normally loaded vehicle 2 through 4 2 2 in front. 5 through 10 3 2 in front, 1 in second seat. 11 through 15 5 2 in front, 1 in second seat, 1 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat. 16 through 22 7 2 in front, 2 in second seat, 2 in third seat, 1 in fourth seat. Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information – CONTINUED – 13-9 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information & Tire care – maintenance and safety practices . Check on a daily basis that the tires are free from serious damage, nails, and stones. At the same time, check the tires for abnormal wear. . Inspect the tire tread regularly and replace the tires before their tread wear indicators become visible. When a tire’s tread wear indicator becomes visible, the tire is worn beyond the acceptable limit and must be replaced immediately. With a tire in this condition, driving at even low speeds in wet weather can cause the vehicle to hydroplane. Possible resulting loss of vehicle control can lead to an accident. . To maximize the life of each tire and ensure that the tires wear uniformly, it is best to rotate the tires every 7,500 miles (12,000 km). For information about the tire rotation order, refer to “Tire rotation” F11-30. Replace any damaged or unevenly worn tires at the time of rotation. After tire rotation, adjust the tire pressures and make sure the wheel nuts are correctly tightened. For information about the tightening torque and tightening sequence for the wheel nuts, refer to “Flat tires” F9-5. & Vehicle load limit – how to determine The load capacity of your vehicle is determined by weight, not by available cargo space. The load limit of your vehicle is shown on the vehicle placard attached to the driver’s side B-pillar. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs” on your vehicle’s placard. The vehicle placard also shows seating capacity of your vehicle. The total load capacity includes the total weight of driver and all passengers and their belongings, any cargo, any optional equipment such as a trailer hitch, roof rack or bike carrier, etc., and the tongue load of a trailer. Therefore cargo capacity can be calculated by the following method. Cargo capacity = Load limit − (total weight of occupants + total weight of optional equipment + tongue load of a trailer (if applicable)) For information about vehicle loading, refer to “Loading your vehicle” F8-12. For information about towing capacity and weight limits, refer to “Trailer towing” F8-19. 13-10 ! Calculating total and load capacities varying seating configurations Calculate the available load capacity as shown in the following examples: Example 1A Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 900 lbs (408 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard with the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 900 lbs or 408 kg”. For example, if the vehicle has one occupant weighing 154 lbs (70 kg) plus cargo weighing 662 lbs (300 kg). 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity by subtracting the total weight from the vehicle capacity weight of 900 lbs (408 kg). 3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 84 lbs (38 kg) of cargo can be carried. Example 1B For example, if a person weighing 176 lbs (80 kg) now enters the same vehicle (bringing the number of occupants to two), the calculations are as follows. 1. Calculate the total weight. Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information – CONTINUED – 13-11 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The total weight now exceeds the capacity weight by 92 lbs (42 kg), so the cargo weight must be reduced by 92 lbs (42 kg) or more. Example 2A Vehicle capacity weight of the vehicle is 900 lbs (408 kg), which is indicated on the vehicle placard with the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed 408 kg or 900 lbs”. For example, the vehicle has one occupant weighing 165 lbs (75 kg) plus cargo weighing 375 lbs (170 kg). In addition, the vehicle is fitted with a trailer hitch weighing 22 lbs (10 kg), to which is attached a trailer weighing 1,764 lbs (800 kg). 10% of the trailer weight is applied to the trailer tongue (i.e. Tongue load = 176 lbs (80 kg)). 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The result of step 2 shows that a further 162 lbs (73 kg) of cargo can be carried. 13-12 Example 2B For example, if a person weighing 143 lbs (65 kg) and a child weighing 40 lbs (18 kg) now enter the same vehicle (bringing the number of occupants to three), and a child restraint system weighing 11 lbs (5 kg) is installed in the vehicle for the child to use, the calculations are as follows. 1. Calculate the total weight. 2. Calculate the available load capacity. 3. The total weight now exceeds the capacity weight by 32 lbs (15 kg), so the cargo weight must be reduced by 32 lbs (15 kg) or more. & Determining compatibility of tire and vehicle load capacities The sum of four tires’ maximum load ratings must exceed the maximum loaded vehicle weight (“GVWR”). In addition, sum of the maximum load ratings of two front tires and of two rear tires must exceed each axle’s maximum loaded capacity (“GAWR”). Original equipment tires are designed to fulfill those conditions. The maximum loaded vehicle weight is referred to Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR). And each axle’s maximum loaded capacity is referred to Gross Axle Weight Rating (GAWR). The GVWR and each axle’s GAWR are shown on the vehicle certification label affixed to the driver’s door. The GVWR and front and rear GAWRs are determined by not only the maximum load rating of tires but also loaded capacities of the vehicle’s suspension, axles and other Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information – CONTINUED – 13-13 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Tire information parts of the body. Therefore, this means that the vehicle cannot necessarily be loaded up to the tire’s maximum load rating on the tire sidewall. & Adverse safety consequences of overloading on handling and stopping and on tires Overloading could affect vehicle handling, stopping distance, and vehicle and tire performance in the following ways. This could lead to an accident and possibly result in severe personal injury. . Vehicle stability will deteriorate. . Heavy and/or high-mounted loads could increase the risk of rollover. . Stopping distance will increase. . Brakes could overheat and fail. . Suspension, bearings, axles and other body parts could break or experience accelerated wear that will shorten vehicle life. . Tires could fail. . Tread separation could occur. . Tire could separate from its rim. & Steps for Determining Correct Load Limit 1. Locate the statement “The combined weight of occupants and cargo should never exceed XXX kg or XXX lbs.” on your vehicle’s placard. 2. Determine the combined weight of the driver and passengers that will be riding in your vehicle. 3. Subtract the combined weight of the driver and passengers from XXX kg or XXX lbs. 4. The resulting figure equals the available amount of cargo and luggage load capacity. For example, if the “XXX” amount equals 1400 lbs. and there will be five 150 lb passengers in your vehicle, the amount of available cargo and luggage load capacity is 650 lbs. (1400 − 750 (5 6 150) = 650 lbs.) 5. Determine the combined weight of luggage and cargo being loaded on the vehicle. That weight may not safely exceed the available cargo and luggage load capacity calculated in Step 4. 6. If your vehicle will be towing a trailer, load from your trailer will be transferred to your vehicle. Consult this manual to determine how this reduces the available cargo and luggage load capacity of your vehicle. 13-14 Uniform tire quality grading standards This information indicates the relative performance of passenger car tires in the area of treadwear, traction, and temperature resistance. This is to aid the consumer in making an informed choice in the purchase of tires. Quality grades can be found where applicable on the tire sidewall between tread shoulder and maximum section width. For example: Treadwear 200 Traction AA Temperature A The quality grades apply to new pneumatic tires for use on passenger cars. However, they do not apply to deep tread, winter type snow tires, space-saver or temporary use spare tires, tires with nominal rim diameters of 12 inches or less, or to some limited production tires. All passenger car tires must conform to Federal Safety Requirements in addition to these grades. & Treadwear The treadwear grade is a comparative rating based on the wear rate of the tire when tested under controlled conditions on a specified government test course. For example, a tire graded 150 would wear one and one-half (1- 1/2) times as well on the government course as a tire graded 100. The relative performance of tires depends upon the actual conditions of their use, however, and may depart significantly from the norm due to variations in driving habits, service practices and differences in road characteristics and climate. & Traction AA, A, B, C The traction grades, from highest to lowest, are AA, A, B and C. Those grades represent the tire’s ability to stop on wet pavement as measured under controlled conditions on specified government test surfaces of asphalt and concrete. A tire marked C may have poor traction performance. WARNING The traction grade assigned to this tire is based on straightahead braking traction tests, and does not include acceleration, cornering, hydroplaning, or peak traction characteristics. & Temperature A, B, C The temperature grades are A (the highest), B, and C, representing the tire’s resistance to the generation of heat and its ability to dissipate heat when tested under controlled conditions on a specified indoor laboratory test wheel. Sustained high temperature can cause the material of the tire to degenerate and reduce tire life, and excessive temperature can lead to sudden tire failure. The Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Uniform tire quality grading standards – CONTINUED – 13-15 Consumer information and Reporting safety defects/Reporting safety defects (U.S.A.) grade C corresponds to a level of performance which all passenger car tires must meet under the Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards No. 109. Grades B and A represent higher levels of performance on the laboratory test wheel than the minimum required by law. WARNING The temperature grade for this tire is established for a tire that is properly inflated and not overloaded. Excessive speed, underinflation, or excessive loading, either separately or in combination, can cause heat buildup and possible tire failure. Reporting safety defects (U.S.A.) If you believe that your vehicle has a defect which could cause a crash or could cause injury or death, you should immediately inform the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) in addition to notifying Subaru of America, Inc. If NHTSA receives similar complaints, it may open an investigation, and if it finds that a safety defect exists in a group of vehicles, it may order a recall and remedy campaign. However, NHTSA cannot become involved in individual problems between you, your dealer, or Subaru of America, Inc. To contact NHTSA, you may call the Vehicle Safety Hotline toll-free at 1-888-327-4236 (TTY: 1-800-424-9153); go to http://www.safercar.gov; or write to: Administrator, NHTSA, 1200 New Jersey Avenue, SE, West Building, Washington, DC 20590. You can also obtain other information about motor vehicle safety from http://www.safercar.gov. 13-16 Index 14 14-2 Index A Abbreviation . 2 ABS (Anti-lock Brake System) . 7-35 Warning light . 3-19 Access key . 2-9 Warning light . 3-23 Accessories. 5-2, 11-39 Accessory power outlet. 6-9 Air cleaner element . 11-15 Air conditioner Automatic climate control 4-7 Manual climate control 4-8 Air filtration system. 4-13 Air flow mode 4-8 Alarm system 2-24 All-Wheel Drive warning light . 3-21 Aluminum wheel . 11-31 Cleaning . 10-3 Antenna system. 5-2 Anti-lock Brake System (ABS) . 7-35 Arming the system . 2-25 Armrest. 1-8 Ashtray. 6-11 AT OIL TEMP warning light . 3-17 Audio Antenna system. 5-2 Set . 5-2 Audio/visual remote controls 5-17 Steering switches. 5-17 Auto-dimming mirror/compass 3-95, 3-97 Automatic climate control 4-7 Automatic headlight beam leveler . 3-89 Warning light 3-30 Automatic Locking Retractor/Emergency Locking Retractor (ALR/ELR) 1-14 B Basic information before use. 5-4 Connecting and disconnecting a USB memory/portable device 5-5 Entering letters and numbers/list screen operation . 5-7 Initial screen . 5-4 Loading and unloading a disc . 5-4 Screen adjustment. 5-8 Touch screen gestures . 5-6 Touch screen operation 5-6 Basic operation 5-11 Battery 11-37 Drainage prevention function. 2-7 Jump starting 9-9 Replacement (access key). 11-45 Replacement (remote engine start transmitter) . 7-20 Replacement (transmitter) 11-46 Bluetooth® settings . 5-80 Registering/connecting Bluetooth® device 5-80 Setting Bluetooth details 5-83 Booster seat 1-32 Bottle holder . 6-8 Brake Assist 7-34 Booster . 7-34, 11-21 Disc 12-11 Fluid 11-19, 12-9 Pad and lining 11-23 Parking 7-45, 11-24 Pedal 11-21 System . 7-34 Brake pedal Free play . 11-21 Reserve distance 11-22 Brake system 7-34 Warning light . 3-19 Braking. 7-33 Tips 7-33 Breaking-in of new brake pads and linings . 11-23 Bulb Chart 12-16 Replacing. 11-40 C Cargo area Cover . 6-13 Light. 6-2 Tie-down hooks . 6-16 Catalytic converter . 8-3 Center Console 6-6 Changing Coolant 11-15 Flat tire . 9-5 Oil and oil filter . 11-11 Charge warning light 3-16 CHECK ENGINE warning light/Malfunction indicator light . 3-14 Checking Brake pedal free play 11-21 Brake pedal reserve distance. 11-22 Clutch function . 11-22 Clutch pedal free play . 11-22 Coolant level 11-14 Fluid level (brake fluid) 11-19 Fluid level (clutch fluid) 11-20 Fluid level (washer fluid) 11-32 Oil level (engine oil) 11-10 Child restraint systems 1-26 Installation of a booster seat 1-32 Installation with ALR/ELR seatbelt 1-29 Lower and tether anchorages. 1-33 Top tether anchorages 1-37 Child safety . 4 Locks 2-31 Chime Key 3-4 Light . 3-84 Seatbelt. 3-12 Cigarette lighter 6-10 Cleaning Aluminum wheels . 10-3 Interior 10-5 Ventilation grille 4-12 Climate control system . 4-3 Automatic . 4-7 Manual. 4-8 Index 14-3 14-4 Index Clock 3-35, 3-50, 3-64 Clutch Fluid 11-20, 12-9 Pedal 11-22 Command list 5-109 Compass 3-95, 3-97 Console 6-6 Continuously variable transmission (CVT) . 7-24 Fluid 11-18, 12-9 Coolant 11-14, 12-9 Temperature high warning light 3-15 Temperature low indicator light. 3-15 Cooling system. 11-13 Corrosion protection . 10-4 Cruise control 7-50 Indicator light. 3-30 Set indicator light . 3-30 Cup holder 6-7 Front passenger’s 6-7 Rear passenger’s. 6-8 D Daytime running light system. 3-87 Defogger. 3-104 Defrosting . 4-11 Deicer 3-104 Differential gear oil Front . 11-19, 12-7 Rear 11-19, 12-7 Dimensions . 12-2 Disarming the alarm system 2-28 Disc brake pad wear warning indicators 7-34 Dome light 6-2 Door Locks. 2-5 Open warning light 3-21 Double trip meter. 3-9 Drive belts . 11-18 Driving All-Wheel Drive warning light . 3-21 AWD models. 8-5 Car phone/cell phone 6 Drinking. 5 Drugs 6 Foreign countries. 8-4 Pets 7 Snowy and icy roads 8-10 Tips . 7-24, 7-30, 8-2, 8-5 Tired or sleepy . 6 Winter 8-8 E ECO gauge . 3-10 Electrical system 12-10 Electronic Brake Force Distribution (EBD) system. 7-36 Warning 3-20 Emergency Locking Retractor (ELR) . 1-14 Engine Compartment overview 11-8 Coolant . 11-14, 12-9 Exhaust gas (carbon monoxide) . 5, 8-2 Hood 11-7 Low oil level warning light . 3-16 Oil. 11-10, 12-4 Overheating 9-12 Starting & stopping. 7-9, 7-12 Event data recorder. 8 Exterior care 10-2 F Flat tires . 9-5 Floor mat 6-12 Fluid level Brake 11-19 Clutch 11-20 Continuously variable transmission (CVT) 11-18 Fog light . 3-89 Bulb 11-42, 12-16 Indicator light. 3-30 Switch 3-89 Folding mirror switch 3-103 Front Differential gear oil 11-19, 12-7 Seatbelt pretensioners 1-21 Side marker light. 11-41 Turn signal/Parking and front side marker light . 11-41 Front fog light . 3-89, 11-42 Bulb 11-42, 12-16 Indicator light. 3-30 Switch 3-89 Front seats 1-2 Forward and backward adjustment . 1-4 Head restraint adjustment . 1-5 Power seat . 1-5 Reclining 1-4 Seat height adjustment (driver’s seat) 1-4 Front side marker . 11-41 Front turn signal/Parking and front side marker 11-41 Fuel . 7-3 Consumption indicator. 3-31, 3-40 Economy hints 8-2 Filler lid and cap 7-5 Gauge. 3-10 Requirements . 7-3, 12-3 Fuses . 11-38 Fuses and circuits 12-12 G GAWR (Gross Axle Weight Rating). 8-14 Glove box. 6-6 GVWR (Gross Vehicle Weight Rating). 8-14 H Hazard warning flasher 3-7, 9-2 Head restraint adjustment Front seat. 1-5 Rear seat . 1-9 Headlight Beam leveler 3-89 Bulb replacing 11-40 Bulb wattage 12-16 Control switch 3-84 Flasher 3-87 Indicator light . 3-30 Index 14-5 14-6 Index OFF delay function. 3-85 OFF delay setting 3-85 Welcome lighting function . 3-85 HID headlights 11-40 High beam indicator light 3-30 High/low beam change (dimmer) 3-86 Hill descent control. 7-40 Indicator light. 3-30 Hill start assist 7-48, 11-23 OFF indicator light 3-21 To activate/deactivate . 7-48 Warning light . 3-21 HomeLink® 3-97 Hook Cargo tie-down 6-16 Convenient 6-13 Shopping bag 6-12 Towing and tie-down. 9-13 Horn. 3-107 Hose and connections . 11-14 I Ignition switch 3-3 Light. 3-5 Illumination brightness control 3-88 Immobilizer 2-3 Indicator light (security indicator light) . 3-28 Indicator light Coolant temperature low . 3-15 Cruise control 3-30 Cruise control set. 3-30 Front fog light. 3-30 Headlight. 3-30 High beam. 3-30 Hill descent control . 3-30 Hill start assist OFF 3-21 Immobilizer 3-28 Security. 3-28 Select lever/Gear position 3-29 SI-DRIVE 3-29 Steering responsive fog lights OFF . 3-31 Turn signal 3-30 Vehicle Dynamics Control OFF. 3-23 Vehicle Dynamics Control operation 3-23 X-mode . 3-30 Information display 3-31 Inside mirror 3-95 Interior lights . 6-2 J Jack and jack handle . 9-4 Jack-up point 9-5 Jump starting 9-9 K Key 2-3 Number 2-3 Reminder chime 3-4 Replacement. 2-4 Keyless access entry function 2-12 Keyless access with push-button start system. 2-9 Disabling keyless access functions . 2-16 Locking and unlocking doors . 2-12 Opening rear gate 2-14 Warning chimes and warning light 3-23 When access key does not operate properly . 9-17 Keyless entry system . 2-21 L Lap belt pretensioner 1-23 Leather seat materials 10-5 License plate light . 11-43 Light Backup 11-42 Cargo area 6-2 Control switch 3-84 Daytime running. 3-87 Dome . 6-2 Front fog 3-89, 11-42 Front side marker 11-41, 12-16 Ignition switch 3-5 License plate 11-43 Map . 6-3 Parking 11-42 Rear combination 11-42 Stop 11-42 Tail 11-42 Turn signal . 3-88, 11-41, 11-42 Loading your vehicle 8-12 Low fuel warning light . 3-20 Low tire pressure warning light 3-17 Lower and tether anchorage 1-33 M Maintenance Precautions . 11-3 Schedule. 11-3 Seatbelt. 1-21 Tips 11-5 Tools 9-3 Malfunction indicator light (check engine warning light) 3-14 Manual Climate control 4-7 Mode (continuously variable transmission) . 7-27 Seat. 1-4 Transmission . 7-22 Transmission oil . 11-18, 12-7 Map light 6-3 Maximum load limits . 8-19 Media operation . 5-49 AUX 5-72 Bluetooth audio 5-59 CD . 5-49 iPod 5-55 USB memory . 5-52 Meters and gauges 3-7 Mirror defogger 3-104 Mirrors 3-95 Moonroof. 2-42 Multi function display. 3-36 N New vehicle break-in driving . 8-2 Index 14-7 14-8 Index O Odometer 3-8 Oil filter 11-11 Oil level Engine. 11-10 Front differential gear 11-19 Manual transmission 11-18 Rear differential gear . 11-19 Warning light . 3-16 Oil pressure warning light 3-16 On-road and off-road driving 7, 8-6 Other settings 5-9 Outside Mirror defogger 3-104 Mirrors 3-103 Temperature indicator . 3-31, 3-40 Overhead console 6-7 Overheating engine 9-12 P Parking Brake . 7-45 Brake stroke. 11-24 Light 11-42 Tips 7-45 Periodic inspections . 8-4 Petrol fuel . 7-3 Phone operation (Hands-free system for cellular phones) . 5-86 Calling on the Bluetooth phone 5-90 Quick reference . 5-86 Receiving on the Bluetooth phone 5-97 Some basics 5-87 Talking on the Bluetooth phone 5-98 PIN Code Access . 2-19 Power Door locking switch 2-8 Outlets . 6-9 Outside mirrors 3-103 Rear gate 2-36, 9-19 Seat. 1-5 Steering 7-32 Steering warning light 3-21 Precautions against vehicle modification 1-25, 1-68 Preparing to drive 7-8 Push-button Ignition switch . 3-5 Starting and stopping engine 7-12 R Radio operation 5-32 AM/FM radio 5-32 Rear Combination lights 11-42 Differential gear oil 11-19, 12-7 Gate . 2-35, 9-18 Turn signal light 11-42 Rear seat . 1-8 Folding down . 1-10 Head restraint adjustment. 1-9 Reclining . 1-12 Rear view camera 6-17 Rear window Defogger. 3-104 Wiper and washer switch 3-94 Wiper blades 11-35 Recommended Brake fluid. 12-9 Clutch fluid . 11-20, 12-9 Continuously variable transmission fluid 12-9 Engine oil 12-4 Front differential gear oil . 12-7 Manual transmission oil 12-7 Rear differential gear oil 12-7 Spark plugs. 12-10 Refueling 7-5 Remote engine start system 7-14 Remote keyless entry system 2-21 Replacement Brake pad and lining . 11-23 Wiper blades 11-33 Replacing Access key battery 11-45 Air cleaner element . 11-16 Lost transmitters (remote keyless entry system). 2-24 Remote keyless entry transmitter battery 11-46 Replacing bulbs 11-40, 12-16 Backup light . 11-42 Front fog light . 11-42 Headlight . 11-40 License plate light . 11-43 Parking light . 11-42 Rear combination light . 11-42 Rear turn signal light. 11-42 Stop light. 11-42 Tail light. 11-42 Rocking the vehicle 8-12 Roof molding and crossbar 8-15 Roof rails. 8-14 S Safety Precautions when driving. 3 Symbol 2 Warnings. 2 Seat Fabric . 10-5 Front 1-2 Heater 1-7 Height adjustment 1-4 Power 1-5 Rear 1-8 Seatbelt. 3, 1-13 Fastening 1-15 Maintenance 1-21 Pretensioners. 1-21 Safety tips . 1-13 Warning light and chime 3-12 Security Alarm system. 2-24 Immobilizer . 2-3 Indicator light . 3-28 Shock sensors . 2-30 Index 14-9 14-10 Index Select lever Position indicator . 3-29 Shift lock function. 7-29 Setup (phone settings) 5-100 Phone settings. 5-100 Shock sensors. 2-30 Shopping bag hook 6-12 Shoulder pretensioners . 1-21 SI-DRIVE 7-30 Indicator light. 3-29 Snow tires 8-11, 11-25 Snowy and icy roads 8-10 Sounding a panic alarm 2-23 Spark plugs 11-17, 12-10 Specifications 12-2 Speedometer. 3-8 SRS Curtain airbag 1-57 Frontal airbag 1-47 Side airbag . 1-57 SRS airbag (Supplemental Restraint System airbag) . 3, 1-38 SRS airbag system Monitors 1-65 Servicing. 1-67 Warning light . 3-13 Starting & stopping engine 7-9, 7-12 State emission testing (U.S. only) 7-7 Steering responsive fog lights system. 3-90 OFF indicator 3-31 Warning indicator . 3-31 Steering wheel Power . 7-32 Tilt/telescopic . 3-106 Stop light. 11-42 Storage compartment. 6-5 Sun shade. 2-44 Sun visors 6-4 Supplemental Restraint System airbag (SRS) 1-38 Synthetic leather upholstery . 10-5 T Tachometer. 3-9 Temperature warning light AT OIL TEMP. 3-17 Coolant . 3-15 Temporary spare tire 9-2 Tether (child restraint system) 1-33, 1-37 Tie-down hooks 9-13 Tips for operating the audio/visual system . 5-20 Operating information 5-20 Tire Chains 8-11 Inspection 11-26 Pressures and wear 11-26 Replacement 11-30 Rotation 11-30 Size and pressure 12-10 Types 11-24 Tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) . 7-43, 9-8, 11-25 Warning light 3-17 Tires and wheels 11-24 Tools 9-3 Top tether anchorages 1-33, 1-37 Towing 9-13 All wheels on the ground 9-16 Flat-bed truck 9-15 Hooks. 9-13 Weight 8-19 Trailer Connecting 8-17 Hitch 8-16, 8-22 Towing 8-19 Towing tips 8-23 Trip meter . 3-9 Turn signal Indicator lights . 3-30 Lever 3-88 U Under-floor storage compartment . 6-16 Useful information (audio) . 5-27 STARLINK 5-29 V Valet mode 2-28 Vanity mirror 6-5 Vehicle Capacity weight . 8-13 Identification 12-20 Symbols 3 Vehicle Dynamics Control OFF indicator light 3-23 OFF switch 7-39 Operation indicator light. 3-23 System 7-37 Warning light 3-22 Ventilator 4-2 Voice command system operation 5-106 Voice command system 5-106 W Warning and indicator lights . 3-11 Warning chimes Keyless access with push-button start system 3-23 Seatbelt. 3-12 Warning light ABS 3-19 Access key 3-23 All-Wheel Drive 3-21 AT OIL TEMP. 3-17 Automatic headlight beam leveler . 3-30 Brake system. 3-19 Charge 3-16 CHECK ENGINE 3-14 Coolant temperature high 3-15 Door open . 3-21 Engine low oil level. 3-16 Hill start assist . 3-21 Keyless access with push-button start system 3-23 Low fuel 3-20 Low tire pressure 3-17 Oil pressure . 3-16 Power steering . 3-21 Index 14-11 14-12 Index Seatbelt 3-12 SRS airbag system 3-13 Steering responsive fog lights system. 3-31 Vehicle Dynamics Control . 3-22 Windshield washer fluid 3-17 Warranties . 1 Warranties and maintenance . 8-19 Washing . 10-2 Waxing and polishing . 10-3 Wear indicators. 11-29 Welcome lighting function . 3-85 What to do if (hands-free system or a Bluetooth device). 5-102 Troubleshooting (hands-free system or a Bluetooth device) . 5-102 Wheel Aluminum. 11-31 Balance . 11-28 Nut tightening torque 12-10 Replacement 11-31 Windows. 2-31 Windshield Washer fluid . 11-32 Wiper and washer switches. 3-93 Wiper blades 11-34 Wiper deicer 3-104 Winter Driving 8-8 Tires 8-11, 11-25 Wiper and washer 3-91 Wiper deicer 3-104 X X-mode . 7-40 Indicator light . 3-30 GAS STATION REFERENCE & Fuel: ! Non-turbo models Use only unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 87 AKI (90 RON) or higher. ! Turbo models Unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 93 AKI (98 RON) or higher is recommended. Unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 91 AKI (95 RON) or higher may be used with no detriment to engine durability or driveability. However, you may notice a slight decrease in maximum engine performance while using 91 AKI (95 RON) fuel. If unleaded gasoline with an octane rating of 91 AKI (95 RON) is not available, refer to “Fuel requirements” F7-3. & Fuel octane rating: This octane rating is the average of the Research Octane and Motor Octane numbers and is commonly referred to as the Anti Knock Index (AKI). Refer to “Fuel octane rating” F7-3. & Fuel capacity: 15.9 US gal (60 liters, 13.2 Imp gal) & Engine oil: Use only the following oils. . API classification SN with the words “RESOURCE CONSERVING” . or ILSAC GF-5, which can be identified with the ILSAC certification mark (Starburst mark) For the complete viscosity requirements, refer to “Engine oil” F12-4. & Engine oil capacity: Non-turbo models: 5.1 US qt (4.8 liters, 4.2 Imp qt) Turbo models: 5.4 US qt (5.1 liters, 4.5 Imp qt) The indicated oil quantity is only a guideline and is estimated based on a case when the engine oil is changed with an oil filter. After refilling the engine with oil, the oil level should be checked using the oil level gauge. For more details about maintenance and service, refer to “Engine oil” F11-10. & Cold tire pressure: Refer to “Tires” F12-10.
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